. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This caused many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk of accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is difficult to persuade people to change habits and leaves their cars at home.

One possible approach is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who breaks the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at differ times of the day. This system, known as road pricing has already been introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card fixed to the windscreen of the car. Of course, the most important thing is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares kept at an acceptable level.

Glossary:          persuade (v.) (~ sb to do sth): thuyết phục (ai làm gì)

tough (adj.) = difficult; strict: khó; nghiêm khăc

 a tough fine: phạt tiền thật nặng reliable (adj.): đáng tin cậy

38. The word expand in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____________________.

A. decrease                    B. increase                              C. reduce                    D. develop

39. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem caused by more traffic?

A. serious air pollution                                          B. greater risks of accidents

C. people’s habits                                                  D. very long delays

40. The most important thing to encourage people to use public transport is _________________

A. high parking fees                                                                   B. good public transport

C. road using fees                                                                       D. high charges for public transport

41. The verb give up is closest in meaning to ______________________.

A. continue using               B. encourage                                   C. get bored with               D. stop using

42. We can learn from the text that  _______________.

A. it is easy for people to change their habits

B. many people will not drive expensive cars                           

C. more people will use public transport if it is cheap, reliable and comfortable

D. pollution and lengthy delays cause people to leave their cars at home

II. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions that follow.

    Write your answer (A, B, C, or D) in the space given on the right. (5 pts)

Choosing the right career is very important. Most of us spend a great part of our lives at our jobs. For that reason, we should try to find out what our talents are and how we can use them. We can do this through aptitude tests, interviews with specialists and study of books in our field of interest. There are many careers open to catch of us. Perhaps we like science, then we might prepare ourselves to be chemists, physicists or biologists. Maybe our interests take us into the business world and  such work as accounting, personnel management or public relations. Many people find their place in government service, teaching, newspaper work, medicine, engineering. These and many other fields offer fascinating careers to persons with talent and training.

1.       It is important to find the right career because _____                                                                                          

A. It’s very easy to lose the job.                B. Most of us  spend a great part of our lives at our jobs.

C. We need money.                                  D. It’s difficult to find a job.

2.       We can find the right career by _____                                                  

A. asking for some useful advice.             B. finding out what our talents are and how we can use them.

C. travelling wherever we can.                 D. learning some foreign languages.

3.       We can find out what our talents are and how we use through _____

A. interviews with specialists.                   B. all are correct.

C. aptitude tests.                                      D. study of books in our field of interest.

4.       Careers found in the scientific world are _____                                                  

A. Biologists, chemists, physicists.           B. Physicists, biologists, accountants.

C. Businessmen, teachers, doctors.         D. Chemists, mathematicians, c.

5.       The theme of the passage is _____                                                  

A. Jobs in the society nowadays.              B. good jobs.

C. unemployment.                                    D. How  to find a right job nowadays.

IV/Read the following passage, then choose the correct answer to questions 26 - 30. Jeans are very popular with (26)________people all over the world. Some people say that jeans are the “uniform” of youth. But they haven’t always been popular. The story of jeans (27)________almost two hundred years ago. People in Genoa, Italy made pants. The cloth made in Genoa was (28)________“jeanos”. The pants were called “jeans”. In 1850, a salesman in California began selling pants made of canvas. His name was Levi Strauss. Because they were so strong, “Levi’s pants” became (29)________with gold miners, farmers and cowboys. Six years later Levis began making his pants with blue cotton cloth called denim. Soon after, factory (30)________in the US and Europe began wearing jeans. Young people usually didn’t wear them. 26. A. rich B. old C. young D. poor 27. A. start B. starts C. was starting D. started 28. A. call B. calls C. calling D. called 29. A. famous B. popular C. good D. wonderful 30. A. workers B. drivers C. cowboys D. farmers V/Read the following passage, then choose the correct answer to questions Smoking causes lung cancer, which is the number one cancer among men. Ninety percent of the people who get lung cancer die. Smoking is also the leading cause of mouth cancer, tongue cancer, and throat cancer. Many smokers have heart disease and pneumonia. Smoking causes one million early deaths in the world every year. Smokers not only harm themselves but also harm others. Smokers breathe smoke out into the air. They breathe it out on their children and their wives or husbands. Children whose parents smoke have more breathing and lung problems than other children. Women who are married to smokers are more likely to have lung cancer than those married to non-smokers. We are all aware that smoking is bad. So why do people smoke? 1. The number one cancer among men is____________. A. tongue cancer B. throat cancer C. lung cancer D. mouth cancer 2. The main cause of mouth cancer, tongue cancer and throat cancer is__________. A. drinking B. overeating C. breathing D. smoking 3. Every year, smoking causes about one million____________. A. cancer patients B. killing diseases C. early deaths D. injured men 4. The word “it” in the passage refers to____________. A. cancer B. smoke C. air D. breath 5. Who are more likely to have lung cancer and lung problems?

Read  the  following  passage  and  mark  the  letter A, B, C, or D on  your  answer  sheet  to  indicate  the correct   answer  to  each  of  the  questions   from   22  to  26

A.   Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.

The ruined temples of Angkor are perhaps one of the mast impressive Seven Wonders of the World. Located in modern day Cambodia near Lake TonIe Sap, the largest freshwater lake in Asia, Angkor was the seat of power for the Khmer Empire from the ninth to the fifteenth century. The ruins of Angkor are documented as same .of the mast impressive ones in the world, rivaling the pyramids of Giza in Egypt. Why this mighty civilization died out is a question that archeologists are now only beginning to ponder. The answer, it turns out, may be linked with the availability of fresh water.

One possible explanation far the downfall of the Khmer Empire has to do with the inhabitants' irrigation system. The temple and palaces of Angkor were constructed around a series of artificial reservoirs and canals which were annually flooded to capacity by the Mekong River. Once filled, they were used to irrigate the surrounding rice patties and farmland during the course of the year. Farmers were completely dependent upon the water for their crucial rice crop. Without consistent irrigation, the farmers would have been unable to maintain functional crop production.

Scientists speculate that toward the end of the Khmer Empire the hydraulic systems of the reservoirs and canals broke down. The construction of hundreds of sandstone temples and palaces required an enormous amount of physical labor. In addition, as the capital of the Khmer Empire, Angkor contained upwards of one hundred thousand people who resided in and around Angkor. In order to feed so many people, the local farmers were driven to grow food quicker and more efficiently. After centuries of continual use, the irrigation system was pushed beyond its capacity. Soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and the loss of water led to decrease in the food supply. With less food available, the people of Angkor slowly began to migrate to other parts of Cambodia thus leaving the marvelous city of Angkor to be swallowed by the jungle. Therefore, it is speculated that the Khmer Empire may have fallen victim to its own decrepit infrastructure.

22. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Modern day agricultural procedures in Cambodia.

B. A possible explanation for the, decline of a civilization.

C. The essential role water plays in farming.

D. Religious temples of the ancient Khmer Empire.

23. The passage preceding the passage most likely discusses ______.

A. architecture of ancient Asian civilization

B. religious practices of the people of Angkor

C. the form of government practiced by the Khmer Empire

D. the other six wonders of the world

24. According to the passage, Lake Tonle Sap in Cambodia ______.

A. is an enormous fresh body of water in Asia

B. was unable to supply enough fish for the people of Angkor

C. became polluted due to a population explosion

D. is one of the Seven Wonders of the World

25. Why does the author mention the hydraulic systems of the reservoirs?

A. They supplied irrigation from the Indian Ocean.

B. They became non-functional due to overuse.

C. They were destroyed by nearby warrior tribes.

D. They helped transport the sandstones for constructing temples.

26. It can be inferred from the passage that the inhabitants of the Khmer Empire ______.

A. were intentionally starved by the farmers

B. lost their food source due to excess rainfall

C. supplemented their diets with 'meat hunted in the nearby jungles

D. depended upon rice as their main source of food

27. All the following are mentioned as events that can affect food supply EXCEPT.

A. erosion of soil                                       B. contamination of soil

C. reduction of nutrients                            D. loss of water supply

[PASSAGE 1] READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE AND CHOOSE THE LETTER A, B, C, OR D TO INDICATE THE CORRECT ANSWER TO EACH OF THE QUESTIONS.

Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant German physicist Albert Einstein. His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways of thinking about time, space, matter, energy, and gravity. Einstein's work led to such scientific advances as the control of atomic energy, even television as a practical application of Einstein's work. In 1902, Einstein became an examiner in the Swiss patent office at Bern. In 1905, at age 26, he published the first of five major research papers. The first one provided a theory explaining Brownian movement, the zig¬zag motion of microscopic particles in suspension. The second paper laid the foundation for the photon, or quantum, theory of light. In it, he proposed that light is composed of separate packets of energy, called quanta or photons, that have some of the properties of particles and some of the properties of waves. A third paper contained the "special theory of relativity" which showed that time and motion are relative to the observer if the speed of light is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe. The fourth paper was a mathematical addition to the special theory of relativity. Here Einstein presented his famous formula, E = m(cc), known as the energy-mass equivalence. In 1916, Einstein published his general theory of relativity. In it, he proposed that gravity is not a force, but a curve in the space-time continuum, created by the presence of mass. Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism, the exalting of one nation above all others. He opposed war and violence and supported Zionism, the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine. When the Nazis came to power in 1933, they denounced his ideas. He then moved to the United States. In 1939, Einstein learned that two German chemists had split the uranium atom. Einstein wrote to President Franklin d. Roosevelt warning him that this scientific knowledge could lead to Germany developing an atomic bomb. He suggested the United States begin its own atomic bomb research.

Question 1: Einstein's primary work was in the area of

A. chemistry               B. biology                C. physics            D. engineering

Question 2: Which of the following inventions is mentioned in the passage as a practical application of Einstein's discoveries?

A. Radio                     B. Automobiles        C. Computers      D. Television

Question 3: According to the passage, Einstein supported all of the following except

A.  the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine

B.  nationalism

C.  atomic bomb research in the United States.

D.  the defeat of the Nazis.

Question 4: In which country was Einstein born?

A. Switzerland            B. United States       C. Germany        D. Israel

Question 5: What is the "Brownian movement"?

A.  The zig-zag motion of microscopic particles in suspension

B.  The emission of electrons from solids when struck by light

C.  The motion of photons in the light

D.  The basis of the theory of relativity

Question 6: Einstein was a citizen of all of the following countries EXCEPT

A. Belgium                 B. Germany            C. Switzerland       D. United States

Question 7: It is clear from the tone of the passage that the author feels

A.  Einstein's work in physics was somewhat tarnished by his conservative political views.

B.  Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant thinkers in history.

C.  Einstein's work in physics, though theoretically impressive, led to few practical applications.

D.  Einstein's theories have been consistently proven incorrect.

Question 8: According to Einstein's special theory of relativity

A.  all properties of matter and energy can be explained in a single mathematical formula.

B.  light is composed of separate packets of energy.

C.  time and motion are relative to the observer.

D.  some solids emit electrons when struck by light.

Question 9: In line 15, the word "exalting" most nearly means

A. elevation                B. criticism              C. support           D. elimination

Question 10: According to Einstein, light is composed of separate packets of energy called

A. electrons                B. photoelectrons   C. quanta            D. gamma rays

[PASSAGE 2] READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE AND CHOOSE THE LETTER A, B, C, OR D TO INDICATE THE CORRECT ANSWER TO EACH OF THE QUESTIONS.

The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimetre in its retina. And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spearfish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae - areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as "bug detectors", a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn't see them as food and would starve.

The bee has a "compound" eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 "perfect vision" paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can't - ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be "perfect vision" is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of colour vision.

Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. limits of the human eye                 B. perfect vision

C. different eyes for different uses     D. eye variation among different species

Question 2: The word "criterion" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

A. standard                  B. need               C. expectation               D. rule

Question 3: The phrase "without a hitch" is closest in meaning to

A. unaided                                         B. without glasses

C. with little hesitation                       D. easily

Question 4: According to the passage, why might birds and animals consider humans very visually handicapped?

A.  humans can't see very well in either air or water

B.  human eyes are not as well suited to our needs

C.  the main outstanding feature of human eyes is colour vision

D.  human eyes can't do what their eyes can do

Question 5: The word "that" in line 8 refers to

A. foveae          B. areas of the eye            C. cones        D. visual distinctions

Question 6: According to the passage, "bug detectors" are useful for

A. navigation                                                  B. seeing moving objects

C. avoiding bugs when getting food               D. avoiding starvation

Question 7: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true

A.  kingfishers have monocular vision

B.  bees see patterns of dots

C.  hawks eyes consist mostly of cones that can allow it to scan with one eye at a time

D.  humans are farsighted in water

Question 8: Where in the passage does the author discuss that eyes are useful for avoiding starvation?

A. lines1-3               B. lines 4-6              C. lines 12-14           D. lines 17-20

Question 9: The phrase "paling into insignificance" is closest in meaning to

A. fading away                        B. of less importance

C. without coloured light          D. being reduced to little importance

Question 10: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.  eyes have developed differently in each species

B.  bees have the most complex eye

C.  humans should not envy what they don't need

D.  perfect vision is not perfect

Good luck to you all!

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions. People volunteer for a number of different reasons, ranging from learning new skills, having fun or making a difference. Some are completely devoted to the cause, while others simply wish to do something meaningful. Many people volunteer abroad so that they are able to interact with new cultures, try new food, speak new languages and meet new people. As a volunteer, they will get a real glimpse of the local culture, allowing them to become a traveler instead of just a tourist. Volunteers often stay with a local family, so they will have the chance to get to know the local people and experience the traditional lifestyle for themselves. Also, many people choose to volunteer because of the personal benefits that volunteering has on their character. Volunteers often say that the experience has made them a better person. In most cases, volunteers also become more concerned and aware of the problems facing the world and many feel that they were ignorant or narrow-minded before. Volunteers returning from abroad are usually more independent, especially if it was their first time to travel by themselves. 99. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Why people volunteer​B. How to volunteer C. Volunteering abroad ​D. Voluntary experience 100. The word “devoted” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A. delighted​B. satisfied​C. concerned​D. dedicated 101. What is the advantage of travelling as a traveller over travelling as a tourist? A. meet new people​B. try new food​ C. get a real glimpse of the local culture​D. interact with new cultures 102. According to the passage, many volunteers _______. A. don’t often stay with a local family ​B. don’t care about the benefits of volunteering C. become ignorant or narrow-minded​D. become more concerned with world issues 103. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? A. Volunteers become more independent when coming back home.​ B. Few people choose to volunteer in another country.​ C. Voluntary experience helps people become a better person.​ D. Volunteer have chance to experience the lifestyle of local people.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Television is one of man’s most important means of communication. It brings events and sounds from around the world into millions of homes. A person with a television set can sit in his house and watch the President making a speech or visit a foreign country. He can see a war being fought and watch statesmen try to bring about peace. Through television, home viewers can see and learn about people, places, and things in faraway lands. Television even takes its viewers out of this world. It brings them coverage of America’s astronauts as the astronauts explore outer space. In addition to all these things, television brings its viewers a steady stream of programs that are designed to entertain. In fact, TV provides much more entertainment programs than any other kinds. The programs include action-packed dramas, light comedies, sporting events and motion pictures.
1. According to the passage, what does television bring us?

A. noise from around the world​

B. man’s most important means of talking

C. events and sounds from around the world​

D. president making a speech

2. According to the passage, what don’t entertainment programs include?

A. dramas​

B. news​

C. motion pictures​

D. comedies

3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Television can bring us entertainment.​

B. Television can take us out of this world.

C. Television can help us widen our knowledge.

D. Television can help us make money.
4. The word “provides” in the second paragraph is best replaced by ________.

A. supplies​

B. divides​

C. admires​

D. separates

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
 Television is one of man’s most important means of communication. It brings events and sounds from around the world into millions of homes. A person with a television set can sit in his house and watch the President making a speech or visit a foreign country. He can see a war being fought and watch statesmen try to bring about peace. Through television, home viewers can see and learn about people, places, and things in faraway lands. Television even takes its viewers out of this world. It brings them coverage of America’s astronauts as the astronauts explore outer space. In addition to all these things, television brings its viewers a steady stream of programs that are designed to entertain. In fact, TV provides much more entertainment programs than any other kinds. The programs include action-packed dramas, light comedies, sporting events and motion pictures.

1. According to the passage, what does television bring us?

A. noise from around the world​

B. man’s most important means of talking

C. events and sounds from around the world​

D. president making a speech

2. According to the passage, what don’t entertainment programs include?

A. dramas​

B. news​

C. motion pictures​

D. comedies

3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Television can bring us entertainment.​

B. Television can take us out of this world.

C. Television can help us widen our knowledge.

D. Television can help us make money.

4. The word “provides” in the second paragraph is best replaced by ________.

A. supplies​

B. divides​

C. admires​

D. separates

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
 
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.
How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.
Question 36: The word “that" in paragraph 4 refers to __________.
​A. urban expansion ​​B. socio-economic disparities
​C. disease  ​D. unsanitary conditions
Question 37:According to paragraph 3, what is one of the advantages of urbanization?
​A. It minimizes risks for economic, cultural and societal development.
​B. It makes water supply system both efficient and effective.  
​C. Weather and climate in the city will be much improved.
​D. People may come up with new ideas for innovation.
Question 38:Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage?
​A. Urbanization brings important benefits for development as well.
​B. 54% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050.
​C. Risks cannot be addressed effectively no matter how well cities are governed.
​D. Rapidly increasing population density can help solve poverty.
Question 39: The word "addressed" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
​A. aimed at ​B. dealt with ​C. added to ​D. agreed on
Question 40: What can be inferred from the passage?
​A. Poverty may be a foregone conclusion of unplanned urbanization.
​B. Diseases are caused by people migrating to cities.  
​C. Urbanization can solve the problem of environmental pollution in cities.
​D. The increasing number of people in cities can create more employment.
Question 41: Which is the most suitable title for the passage?
​A. The Risks of Rapid Urbanization in Developing Countries
​B. Infrastructure and Economic Activities in Cities
​C. The Global Risks 2015 Report on Developing Urban Areas
​D. Rapid Urbanization Put Cities in Jeopardy
Question 42: The word “spark” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ___________.
​A. need ​B. start ​C. encourage ​D. design