Question 2: Choose the best answer to complete the passage. (2,0p)

            More than two hundred years ago, the term “environmental pollution was quite strange to people. They lived healthily, drank (1)_______water, and breathed fresh air. In those days, industry was not well-developed. Nowadays, the (2) _______ is quite different. The world today is facing with many (3) _______ threats. The most dangerous threat is war, and after the threat of war is (4) _______. People all over the world are worried about things that are happening to the environment. Actually it is man that is (5) _______the surrounding with many kinds of wastes from the devices that make human lives more comfortable and convenient. Everybody knows that emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous (6) _______and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or by bicycle. Manufacturers know that (7) _______from factories  make water and (8) _______ polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on (9) _______the wastes safely. (10) _______ rubbish is bad for our health, but no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?

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VIII.  Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D by circling the letter you choose. 

More than two hundred years ago, the term “environmental pollution” was quite strange to people. They lived healthily, drank (1) ______ water, and breathed fresh air. In those days, industry was not well-developed. Nowadays, the (2) ___ is quite different. The world today is faced with many (3) _____ threats. The most dangerous threat of all is war, and after the threat of war is (4) _____. People all over the world are worried about things that are happening to the environment. Actually it is man that is (5) _______ the surroundings with many kinds of wastes from the devices that make human lives more comfortable and convenient. Everybody knows that cars emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous (6) ____ and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or bicycles. Manufactures know that (7) _____ from factories make water  and (8) ______ polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on (9) _____ the wastes safely. (10) ______ rubbish is bad for our health, but no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?

1. A. fresh    B. pure    C. clean    D. boiled    

2. A. situation B. case      C. circumstance D. both A & C

3. A. chief B. significant C. major    D. main      

4. A. contamination B. pollution C. dirtying  D. both A & B

5. A. poisoning B. destroying C. dirtying D. contaminating

6. A. steam B. vapor    C. air        D. moisture  

7. A. wastes  B. junks    C. garbage D. litters  

8. A. land B. ground      C. soil    D. earth     

9. A. solving B. dealing  C. processing D. treating    

10. A. Throwing B. Scattering C. Distributing D. Pouring  

* Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answer.
More than two hundred years ago, the term “environmental pollution” was quite strange to people. They lived healthily, drank pure water, and breathed fresh air. Nowadays, the situation is quite different. People all over the world are worried about things that are happening to environment. Actually it is man that is destroying the surroundings with many kinds of wastes. Everybody knows that motorbikes and cars emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous air and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or by bicycle.
Manufacturers know that wastes from factories make water and soil polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on treating the wastes safely. Scattering rubbish is bad for our health, but no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?
1. More than two hundred years ago …………………………….
A. air was polluted badly B. the environment was polluted as much as it is today
C. people were faced with pollution. D. people knew nothing about environmental pollution
2. In former days, people …………………………….
A. led a healthy life B. drank contaminated water
C. were worried about pollution D. lived in the polluted environment
3. Nowadays, many people are concerned about …………………………….
A. the polluted water B. the wastes from the factories
C. the pollution of the environment D. the destruction of the poisonous air
4. Factory owners …………………………….
A. know nothing about pollution B. treat wastes from their factories safely
C. have no awareness of pollution D. don’t want to spend money on treating the wastes safely
5. It’s harmful for our health …………………………….
A. if rubbish is buried B. if we don’t scatter our rubbish
C. if rubbish is spread over our area D. if we spend time on gathering rubbish

More than two hundred years ago, the term “Environmental pollution” was very strange to people. They lived healthily, drank pure water, and breathed fresh air. Nowadays the situation is quite different. People all over the world are worried about things that are happening to the environment. Actually it is man that is destroying the surroundings with many kinds of wastes. Everybody knows that motorbikes and cars emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous air and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or by bicycle. Manufacturers know that wastes from factories make water and soil polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on treating the wastes safely. Scattering garbage is bad for our health, but no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?

1. What was strange to people more than two hundred years ago?

      A. Environment                                                          B. Environmental pollution 

      C. Pure water                                                              D. Fresh air

2. How did people live in the past?

      A. They lived healthily  B. They breathed fresh air

      C. They drank pure water                                           D. All of these

3. Who is destroying the surroundings nowadays?

      A. The environment itself                                           B. People from other planets       

      C. It is man                                                                 D. Animals

4. Is scattering garbage good or bad for our health?

      A. Yes, it is                    B. No, it isn’t                       C. It is good                         D. It is bad

5. Which of the followings is not true?

      A. in former days, people led a healthy life.

      B. People have no awareness of the dangerous of pollution

      C. Water is now heavily contaminated by industrial waste                                    

      D. It's harmful for our health if rubbish is spreaded over our areas

Choose the most suitable answer from the four options marked A, B, C, or D to complete each of the numbered gaps in the passage below. Write your answers on the answer sheet.

More than two hundred years ago, the term “environmental pollution" was quite strange to people. They lived healthily, drank (1)___ water, and breathed fresh air. In those days, industry was not well-developed. Nowadays, the (2)___ is quite different. The world today is faced with many (3).___ threats. The most dangerous threat of all is war, and after the threat of war is (4)___. People all over the world are worried about things that are happening to the environment. Actually it is man that is (5)___ the surroundings with many kinds of wastes from the devices that make human lives more comfortable and convenient. Everybody knows that cars emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous (6)___ and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or by bicycles. Manufactures know that (7)___ from factories make water and (8)___ polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on (9) ___ the wastes safely. (10)___ rubbish is bad for our health, but .no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?

1.A. fresh B. pure C. clean D. boiled

2. A. situation B. case C. circumstance D. occasion

3. A.. chief B. significant C. major D. main

4. A. contamination B. pollution C. dirtying D. poisoning

5. A. poisoning B. destroying C. dirtying D. contaminating

6. A. steam B. vapor C. air D. moisture

7. A. wastes B. junks C. garbage D. litters

8. A. land B. ground C. soil D. earth

9. A. solving B. dealing C. processing D. treating

10. A. Throwing B. Scattering C. Distributing D. Pouring

Read the passage below and choose the best option A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Passage 1:

New Orleans, in Louisiana, is known as the most unique city in the United States with distinctive architecture, cross-cultural heritage and annual music festivals.

However, due to its location along the Mississippi River with lakes on the other side, and nearly half of the city below sea level, the city faces the danger of flooding. So, a levee system and drainage canals were built to protect the city.

Early in the morning of August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, the most destructive natural disaster in the history of New Orleans, struck the city. The storm brought strong winds and heavy rains for several days. As a result, water from the river and lakes rose, breaking the levees and poured directly into the city. Soon 80 percent of the city was under the water. People scrambled to rooftops for safety, desperate for food and drinking water. The winds were so strong that even beds in Hyatt Hotel were seen flying out of the hotel windows. The loss was tremendous. Most of the major roads and bridges were destroyed, and houses collapsed. Nearly 2,000 people were killed. After the storm, several natural grounds for the breeding and migrating of different species of animals and birds were permanently lost.

Question 1: New Orleans is famous for ___________.

A.  its modern architecture                     C. its Mississippi River

B. its cross-cultural heritage                    D. its location

Question 2: Which statement is NOT correct about New Orleans?

A. It lies between the Mississippi River and lakes.

B. One of its attractions is its annual music festivals

C. The city is surrounded by water.

D. Most of the city is below sea level.

Question 3: Which one is NOT mentioned as being damaged by Hurricane Katrina?

A. Distinctive architecture         B. The levee system      C. Major roads        D. Houses

Question 4: The word ‘tremendous' means ___________.

A.puzzling                       B. huge                 C. unique                   D. legendary

Question 5: The word ‘permanently' is similar to ___________.

A.  temporarily            B.  partially                  C.  forever         D.  rarely

Passage 2:

        How can scientists predict earthquakes? Earthquakes are not scattered anywhere but happen in certain areas. They happen in places where pieces of the earth’s surface meet. For example, earthquakes often occur on the west-coast of North and South America, around the Mediterranean Sea, and along the Pacific coast of Asia.

Another way to predict earthquakes is to look for changes in the earth’s surface, like a sudden drop of water level in the ground. Some people say animals can predict earthquakes. Before earthquakes people have seen chickens sitting in trees, fish jumping out of the water, snake leaving their holes and other animals acting strangely.

After an earthquake happens, people can die from lack of food, water and medical supplies. The amount of destruction caused by an earthquake depend on types of building, soil conditions and population. Of the 6000 earthquakes on the earth each year, only about fifteen cause great damage and many deaths.

Question 1:  Earthquakes happen in certain areas where _______________.

A. the population is large             B. pieces of the earth’s surface meet

C. the soil conditions are stable      D. many buildings are built

Question 2: Earthquakes often happen along ________________.

A. the east-coast of North America          B. the east-coast of South America

C. the Pacific coast of Asia             D. the coast of Australia

Question 3: Looking for ____________ can help predict earthquakes.

A. changes in the earth’s surface        B. water beneath the earth’s surface

C. drops of water                     D. water currents

Question 4: After an earthquake, as a result of _________ people may die.

A. lack of food                              B. lack of friendship

C. lack of information              D. lack of knowledge

Question 5: The passage mainly discusses ______________.

A. the damage caused by earthquakes B. how strong earthquakes are

C. strange animal behaviors                         D. how to predict earthquakes

Read the passage below and choose the best option A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions  

My school is in a big city. It"s very (19)_____ here. My school is near my house and I don"t have any bike so I (20)_______to school. The roads are dangerous so  I must be (21) ______ when I cross the road .

   I have my breakfast at school. Classes start at seven and end at half past eleven. I have lunch at twelve o" clock In the afternoon, I play soccer. In the evening, I do my (22) ________ and watch television. I go to bed at ten o"clock.

    21._____________

 A.

careless  

 B.

careful

 C.

carefully

 D.

care

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
 
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.
How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.
Question 36: The word “that" in paragraph 4 refers to __________.
​A. urban expansion ​​B. socio-economic disparities
​C. disease  ​D. unsanitary conditions
Question 37:According to paragraph 3, what is one of the advantages of urbanization?
​A. It minimizes risks for economic, cultural and societal development.
​B. It makes water supply system both efficient and effective.  
​C. Weather and climate in the city will be much improved.
​D. People may come up with new ideas for innovation.
Question 38:Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage?
​A. Urbanization brings important benefits for development as well.
​B. 54% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050.
​C. Risks cannot be addressed effectively no matter how well cities are governed.
​D. Rapidly increasing population density can help solve poverty.
Question 39: The word "addressed" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
​A. aimed at ​B. dealt with ​C. added to ​D. agreed on
Question 40: What can be inferred from the passage?
​A. Poverty may be a foregone conclusion of unplanned urbanization.
​B. Diseases are caused by people migrating to cities.  
​C. Urbanization can solve the problem of environmental pollution in cities.
​D. The increasing number of people in cities can create more employment.
Question 41: Which is the most suitable title for the passage?
​A. The Risks of Rapid Urbanization in Developing Countries
​B. Infrastructure and Economic Activities in Cities
​C. The Global Risks 2015 Report on Developing Urban Areas
​D. Rapid Urbanization Put Cities in Jeopardy
Question 42: The word “spark” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ___________.
​A. need ​B. start ​C. encourage ​D. design

I/  Read the following passage and circle the option (A, B, C, D) to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks: (1.0pt)         

Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today. Air, water and soil (1) …………..  necessary to the environment of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Polluted water kills (2) …………..  and other marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount (3) ………….. land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s (4) ………….. beautiful world.

Question 1.A. is                B. are            C. am            D.  be

Question 2.A. trees           B. fish           C. land          D.  mushroom

Question 3.A. on              B. in             C. of             D.  at

Question 4.A. naturally     B. natural      C. nature        D.  unnaturally