\(2x^2+5xy+3y^2\\= 2x^2+2xy+3xy+3y^2\\= 2x\left(x+y\right)+3y\left(x+y\right)\\=\left(2x+3y\right)\left(x+y\right) \)

2x^2-5xy-3y^2

 = 2^x + xy - 6xy - 3y^2  

= x(2x + y) - 3y(2x + y)  

= (2x + y)(x - 3y)

a)2x²+4x=19-3y²

⇔2x²+4x+2=21-3y²

⇔2(x+1)²=3(7-y²)Ta có 2(x+1)²⋮2⇒3(7-y²)⋮2

⇒7-y²⋮2

⇒y lẻ (1)

Ta lại có 2(x+1)²≥0

⇒3(7-y²)≥0

⇒7-y²≥0

⇒y²≤7

⇒y²∈{1;4} (2)

Từ (1),(2)⇒y²∈{1}

⇒y∈{-1;1}

Ta có y²=1⇒2(x+1)²=3(7-y²)=18⇒(x+1)²=9

⇒x+1=3 hoặc x+1=-3

⇒x=2 hoặc x=-4

Vậy {x,y}={(-1;2);(-1;-4);(1;2);(1;-4)}

\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+9\ge9\\ A_{min}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ B=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\\ B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ C=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+2\left(2x+y\right)+1+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4\\ C=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\\ C=\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\ge-4\\ C_{min}=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(D=\left(3x-1-2x\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ D_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ G=\left(9x^2+6xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\\ G=\left(3x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\\ G_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(H=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2\\ H=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ H_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)

Ta luôn có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3xz\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow K\le3\\ K_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Ta có \(2y^2⋮2\Rightarrow x^2\equiv1\left(mod2\right)\Rightarrow x^2\equiv1\left(mod4\right)\Rightarrow2y^2⋮4\Rightarrow y⋮2\Rightarrow x^2\equiv5\left(mod8\right)\) (vô lí).

Vậy pt vô nghiệm nguyên.

2: \(PT\Leftrightarrow3x^3+6x^2-12x+8=0\Leftrightarrow4x^3=\left(x-2\right)^3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{4}x=x-2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt[3]{4}-1}\).

a: đặt \(x^2-2\left(x^2-8\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16-x^2=0\)

=>x=4 hoặc x=-4

b: Đặt \(3x-5-4\left(2x+3\right)=0\)

=>3x-5-8x-12=0

=>-5x-17=0

=>-5x=17

hay x=-17/5

c: Đặt \(3y^2-5y=0\)

=>y(3y-5)=0

=>y=0 hoặc y=5/3

d: Đặt \(2x^2-3\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2-12=0\)

hay \(x\in\varnothing\)

tham khảo:

 <=> 2x^2+3y^2+4x -19 =0

<=> 2.(x² + 2x +1) + 3.y² = 21

<=> 2.(x+1)² + 3. y² = 21

Vì 3y²; 21 đều chia hết cho 3 nên 2.(x +1)² chia hết cho 3 . hơn nữa 2. (x +1)² ≤≤≤ 21 và (x+1)² là số chính phương

=> (x+1)² =0 hoặc  9 

+) x + 1 = 0 => x = -1 => y ² = 7 => loại

+) (x+1)² = 9 => y² = 1

=> x+ 1 = 3 hoặc x+ 1=- 3 => x = 2 hoặc x = -4

y² = 1 => y = 1 hoặc y = -1

Vậy....

Chọn A

Ta có: P(x) = 2x2 - 3y2 + 5y2 - 1 + 5x2 - 4y2

= 7x2 - 2y2 - 1.