Ta có

x 7   –   x 2   –   1   =   x 7   –   x   –   x 2   +   x   –   1     =   x ( x 6   –   1 )   –   ( x 2   –   x   +   1 )     =   x ( x 3   –   1 ) ( x 3   +   1 )   –   ( x 2   –   x   +   1 )     =   x ( x 3   –   1 ) ( x   +   1 ) ( x 2   –   x   +   1 )   –   ( x 2   –   x   +   1 )     =   ( x 2   –   x   +   1 ) [ x ( x 3   –   1 ) ( x   +   1 )   –   1 ]     = x 2 − x + 1 x 4 − x x + 1 − 1 = x 2 − x + 1 x 5 + x 4 − x 2 − x − 1

Đáp án cần chọn là: B

64x^4+81

=64x^4+144x^2+81-144x^2

=(8x^2+9)^2-(12x)^2

=(8x^2-12x+9)(8x^2+12x+9)

x^8+4y^4

=x^8+4x^4y^2+4y^4-4x^4y^2

=(x^4+2y^2)^2-(2x^2y)^2

=(x^4-2x^2y+2y^2)(x^4+2x^2y+2y^2)

x^8+x^7+1

=x^8+x^7+x^6-x^6+1

=x^6(x^2+x+1)-(x^6-1)

=(x^2+x+1)*x^6-(x-1)(x+1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2-x+1)

=(x^2+x+1)[x^6-(x^2-1)(x^2-x+1)]

=(x^2+x+1)(x^6-x^4+x^2-x^2+x^2-x+1)

=(x^2+x+1)(x^6-x^4+x^2-x+1)

a: \(x^4+4=\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)

b: \(x^8+x^7+1\)

\(=x^8+x^7+x^6-x^6-x^5-x^4+x^5+x^4+x^3-x^3-x^2-x+x^2+x+1\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^6-x^4+x^3-x+1\right)\)

c: \(x^8+x^4+1\)

\(=\left(x^8+2x^4+1\right)-x^4\)

\(=\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\cdot\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1-x\right)\left(x^2+1+x\right)\)

a)\(x^4+4\\ =\left(x^2\right)^2+4x^2+4-4x^2\\ =\left[\left(x^2\right)^2+4x^2+4\right]-\left(2x\right)^2\\ =\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\\ =\left(x^2+2+2x\right)\left(x^2+2-2x\right)\)

\(a)\; x^4+4 \\= x^4+4x^2+4-4x^2\\=(x^2+2)^2-4x^2\\=(x^2+2-2x)(x^2+2+2x)\)

a,

\(A=4(x-2)(x+1)+(2x-4)^2+(x+1)^2\\=[2(x-2)]^2+2\cdot2(x-2)(x+1)+(x+1)^2\\=[2(x-2)+(x+1)]^2\\=(2x-4+x+1)^2\\=(3x-3)^2\)

Thay $x=\dfrac12$ vào $A$, ta được:

\(A=\Bigg(3\cdot\dfrac12-3\Bigg)^2=\Bigg(\dfrac{-3}{2}\Bigg)^2=\dfrac94\)

Vậy $A=\dfrac94$ khi $x=\dfrac12$.

b,

\(B=x^9-x^7-x^6-x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2-1\\=(x^9-1)-(x^7-x^4)-(x^6-x^3)-(x^5-x^2)\\=[(x^3)^3-1]-x^4(x^3-1)-x^3(x^3-1)-x^2(x^3-1)\\=(x^3-1)(x^6+x^3+1)-x^4(x^3-1)-x^3(x^3-1)-x^2(x^3-1)\\=(x^3-1)(x^6+x^3+1-x^4-x^3-x^2)\\=(x^3-1)(x^6-x^4-x^2+1)\)

Thay $x=1$ vào $B$, ta được:

\(B=(1^3-1)(1^6-1^4-1^2+1)=0\)

Vậy $B=0$ khi $x=1$.

$Toru$

\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)-21=x^4+x^3+5x^2+x^3+x^2+5x+x^2+x+5-21=x^4+2x^3+7x^2+6x-16=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+8\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1+4\right)-21\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-21\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+7\left(x^2+x+1\right)-21\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)+7\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+8\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+8\right)\)

\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)-21\)

\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+6\left(x^2+x\right)+5-21\)

\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+6\left(x^2+x\right)-16\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+8\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+8\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

\(x^2+2x+1-16=\left(x+1\right)^2-4^2=\left(x+1-4\right).\left(x+1+4\right)=\left(x-3\right).\left(x+5\right)\)

\(x^2+2x+1-16=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-4^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-4^2=\left(x+1-4\right)\left(x+1+4\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)\)

\(x^2+2x+1-16=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)\)

\(x^2-y^2+2x+1\\=(x^2+2x+1)-y^2\\=(x+1)^2-y^2\\=(x+1-y)(x+1+y)\)

-Đặt \(t=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(\left(x^2-x+1\right)^2-5x\left(x^2-x+1\right)+4x^2\)

\(=t^2-5xt+4x^2\)

\(=t^2-4xt-xt+4x^2\)

\(=t\left(t-4x\right)-x\left(t-4x\right)\)

\(=\left(t-4x\right)\left(t-x\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-x+1-4x\right)\left(x^2-x+1-x\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-5x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x +1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-5x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\)