Bài 1:

a, Hiện tượng: Có khí mùi hắc thoát ra.

b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.24,5\%=24,5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{0,25.126}{200}.100\%=15,75\%\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _{dd sau pư} = 200 + 100 - 0,25.64 = 284 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.142}{284}.100\%=12,5\%\)

Bài 2:

a, Hiện tượng: Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng.

PT: \(BaCl_2+MgSO_4\rightarrow MgCl_2+BaSO_{4\downarrow}\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{BaCl_2}=200.20,8\%=41,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{208}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{12\%}=200\left(g\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 200 + 200 - 0,2.233 = 353,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{353,4}.100\%\approx5,38\%\)

a, \(H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_{4\downarrow}+2HCl\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=114.20\%=22,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{22,8}{96}=0,2375\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{BaCl_2}=400.5,2\%=20,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2375}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được H₂SO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2375-0,1=0,1375\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 114 + 400 - 23,3 = 490,7 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1375.98}{490,7}.100\%\approx2,75\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%\approx1,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo đề bài ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nH2SO4=\dfrac{\left(100.1,14\right).20}{98.100}\approx0,23\left(mol\right)\\nBaCl2=\dfrac{400.5,2}{100.208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có PTHH :

\(BaCl2+H2SO4->B\text{aS}O4\downarrow+2HCl\)

0,1mol.......0,1mol.............0,1mol.......0,2mol

Theo PTHH ta có : \(nBaCl2=\dfrac{0,1}{1}mol< nH2SO4=\dfrac{0,23}{1}mol\)

=> nH2SO4 dư ( tính theo nBaCl2)

a) Ta có : mBaSO4 = 0,1.233=23,3(g)

b) Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%H2SO4\left(d\text{ư}\right)=\dfrac{\left(0,23-0,1\right).98}{100.1,14+400-23,3}.100\%\approx2,596\%\\C\%HCl=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{100.1,14+400-23,3}.100\%\approx1,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy.......

Bạn ơi , câu 1 sao dd NaCl lại tác dụng với NaCl v ?

n_BaCl2= 0,1 (mol)

n_H2SO4 = 0,2327 (mol)

BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ \(\rightarrow\) BaSO₄ \(\downarrow\) + 2HCl

bđ 0,1 0,2327 }

pư 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,2 } (mol)

spư 0 0,1327 0,1 0,2 }

m_BaSO4 = 0,1 . 233 = 23,3 (g)

mdd(sau pư)= 400 + 1,14 . 100 - 23,3 =490,7 (g)

C%_(H2SO4)=\(\frac{0,1327.98}{490,7}\) . 100% = 2,65%

C% (HCl) =\(\frac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}\) . 100% = 1,49%

\(C\%_X=\frac{40}{240}.100\%=16,7\left(\%\right)\)

\(PTHH:2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)

\(n_X=\frac{200.16,7}{100.40}=0,835\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)

\(m_{CuO}=0,835.80=66,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_Y=\frac{0,835.142}{200+100-0,835.98}.100\%=42,17\left(\%\right)\)

( k chắc :>>)