Xét dấu
f(x) =\(\frac{4x+6}{\left(x^2-3\right).\left(2x^5-5x+2\right)}\)
Bài 3 : Xét dấu biểu thức sau :
1 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x-7}{4x^2-19x+12}\)
2 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{11x+3}{-x^2+5x-7}\)
3 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{3x-2}{x^3-3x^2+2}\)
4 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2+4x-12}{\sqrt{6}x^2+3x+\sqrt{2}}\)
5 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2-3x-2}{-x^2+x-1}\)
6 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^3-5x+4}{x^4-4x^3+8x-5}\)
7 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(-2x^2+x-1\right)}{\left(2x-5\right)\left(x^2+3x-10\right)}\)
8 , \(f\left(x\right)=\left(-x^2+x-1\right)\left(6x^2-5x+1\right)\)
9 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2-x-2}{-x^2+3x+4}\)
10 , \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\left(2-5x+2x^2\right)\)
1.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x-7}{\left(x-4\right)\left(4x-3\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định tại \(x=\left\{\frac{3}{4};4\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=7\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4}< x< 4\\x>7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \frac{3}{4}\\4< x< 7\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{11x+3}{-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{11}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow x< -\frac{3}{11}\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow x>-\frac{3}{11}\)
3.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{3x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x-2\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định khi \(x=\left\{1;1\pm\sqrt{3}\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 1-\sqrt{3}\\\frac{2}{3}< x< 1\\x>1+\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-\sqrt{3}< x< \frac{2}{3}\\1< x< 1+\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+6\right)}{\sqrt{6}\left(x+\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\right)^2+\frac{8\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{6}}{8}}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\left\{-6;2\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -6\\x>2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow-6< x< 2\)
5.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2-3x-2}{-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3\pm\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\frac{3-\sqrt{17}}{2}< x< \frac{3+\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \frac{3-\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x>\frac{3+\sqrt{17}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
6.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x-4\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2-2x-5\right)}=\frac{x^2+x-4}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x-5\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định khi \(x=\left\{1;1\pm\sqrt{6}\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\left\{\frac{-1\pm\sqrt{17}}{2}\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{2}< x< 1-\sqrt{6}\\1< x< \frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x>1+\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{2}\\1-\sqrt{6}< x< 1\\\frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{2}< x< 1+\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1. Xét dấu các biểu thức sau:
1. \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(5-3x\right)\left(x^2-x+3\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\)
2. \(g\left(x\right)=\frac{5}{1-x}+\frac{5x}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x^2-1}\)
Bài 4 Xét dấu biểu thức sau
1 , \(f\left(x\right)=x^2-3x-2-\frac{8}{x^2-3x}\)
2 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{2}\)
3 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2-4x+3}{3-2x}-1+x\)
4 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2-1}{\left(x^2-3\right)\left(-3x^2+2x+8\right)}\)
5 , \(f\left(x\right)=x^4-5x^2+2x+3\)
6 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2+4x+15}{x^2-1}-\frac{x-3}{x+1}-\frac{x-2}{1-x}\)
1.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\left(x^2-3x\right)^2-2\left(x^2-3x\right)-8}{x^2-3x}=\frac{\left(x^2-3x-4\right)\left(x^2-3x+2\right)}{x^2-3x}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định tại \(x=\left\{0;3\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\left\{-1;1;2;4\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\0< x< 1\\2< x< 3\\x>4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-1< x< 0\\1< x< 2\\3< x< 4\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{2x-2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{-x^2-x-2}{2x\left(x+1\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định tại \(x=\left\{-1;0\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow-1< x< 0\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\x>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
3.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2-4x+3+\left(x-1\right)\left(3-2x\right)}{3-2x}=\frac{-x^2+x}{3-2x}=\frac{x\left(1-x\right)}{3-2x}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định tại \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\left\{0;1\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}0< x< 1\\x>\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 0\\1< x< \frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2-x\right)\left(3x+4\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định tại \(x=\left\{\pm\sqrt{3};-\frac{4}{3};2\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\pm1\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\sqrt{3}< x< -\frac{4}{3}\\-1< x< 1\\\sqrt{3}< x< 2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -\sqrt{3}\\-\frac{4}{3}< x< -1\\1< x< \sqrt{3}\\x>2\end{matrix}\right.\)
5.
\(f\left(x\right)=x^4-x^3-x^2+x^3-x^2-x-3x^2+3x+3\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-x-1\right)+x\left(x^2-x-1\right)-3\left(x^2-x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-3\right)\left(x^2-x-1\right)\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=\frac{1\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \frac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\\\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}< x< \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x>\frac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}< x< \frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\\\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}< x< \frac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
6.
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2+4x+15-\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{x^2+7x+10}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
Vậy:
\(f\left(x\right)\) ko xác định khi \(x=\pm1\)
\(f\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=\left\{-2;-5\right\}\)
\(f\left(x\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -5\\-2< x< -1\\x>1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)< 0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-5< x< -2\\-1< x< 1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét dấu f(x) biết:
1) f(x) = \(\left(3x^2-x-2\right)\left(4x^2-7x-2\right)\)
2) f(x) = \(\frac{2x^2-x-15}{3x-2}\)
3) f(x) = \(\frac{5}{2x-1}+\frac{3}{5-2x}\)
4) f(x) = \(\left(5-2x\right)^2\left(x+2\right)\)
5) f(x) = \(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2\left(3-2x\right)}{x^2+x-6}\)
Bài 1. Giải các bất phương trình:
a) \(\dfrac{2x-1}{x-2}< \dfrac{1}{4x+2}\)
b) \(\left|x^2+5x+4\right|>x^2+3x-4\)
c) \(\dfrac{x+2}{3}-x+1>x+3\)
d) \(\dfrac{3x+5}{2}-1\le\dfrac{x+2}{3}+x\)
Bài 2. Xét dấu các biểu thức:
a) \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)\)
b) \(g\left(x\right)=\left(-2x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
c) \(h\left(x\right)=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(4-x\right)}{3-2x}\)
d) \(k\left(x\right)=\dfrac{2}{3-x}-\dfrac{1}{3+x}\)
1:
c: =>1/3x+2/3-x+1>x+3
=>-2/3x+5/3-x-3>0
=>-5/3x-4/3>0
=>-5x-4>0
=>x<-4/5
d: =>3/2x+5/2-1<=1/3x+2/3+x
=>3/2x+3/2<=4/3x+2/3
=>1/6x<=2/3-3/2=-5/6
=>x<=-5
2:
Xét dấu của mỗi tam thức bậc hai sau:
a) \(f\left( x \right) = 3{x^2} - 4x + 1\)
b) \(f\left( x \right) = 9{x^2} + 6x + 1\)
c) \(f\left( x \right) = 2{x^2} - 3x + 10\)
d) \(f\left( x \right) = - 5{x^2} + 2x + 3\)
e) \(f\left( x \right) = - 4{x^2} + 8x - 4\)
g) \(f\left( x \right) = - 3{x^2} + 3x - 1\)
a) Ta có \(a = 3 > 0,b = - 4,c = 1\)
\(\Delta ' = {\left( { - 2} \right)^2} - 3.1 = 1 > 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \)\(f\left( x \right)\) có 2 nghiệm \(x = \frac{1}{3},x = 1\). Khi đó:
\(f\left( x \right) > 0\) với mọi x thuộc các khoảng \(\left( { - \infty ;\frac{1}{3}} \right)\) và \(\left( {1; + \infty } \right)\);
\(f\left( x \right) < 0\) với mọi x thuộc các khoảng \(\left( {\frac{1}{3};1} \right)\)
b) Ta có \(a = 9 > 0,b = 6,c = 1\)
\(\Delta ' = 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \)\(f\left( x \right)\) có 1 nghiệm \(x = - \frac{1}{3}\). Khi đó:
\(f\left( x \right) > 0\) với mọi \(x \in \mathbb{R}\backslash \left\{ { - \frac{1}{3}} \right\}\)
c) Ta có \(a = 2 > 0,b = - 3,c = 10\)
\(\Delta = {\left( { - 3} \right)^2} - 4.2.10 = - 71 < 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \)\(f\left( x \right) > 0\forall x \in \mathbb{R}\)
d) Ta có \(a = - 5 < 0,b = 2,c = 3\)
\(\Delta ' = {1^2} - \left( { - 5} \right).3 = 16 > 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \)\(f\left( x \right)\) có 2 nghiệm \(x = \frac{{ - 3}}{5},x = 1\). Khi đó:
\(f\left( x \right) < 0\) với mọi x thuộc các khoảng \(\left( { - \infty ; - \frac{3}{5}} \right)\) và \(\left( {1; + \infty } \right)\);
\(f\left( x \right) > 0\) với mọi x thuộc các khoảng \(\left( { - \frac{3}{5};1} \right)\)
e) Ta có \(a = - 4 < 0,b = 8c = - 4\)
\(\Delta ' = 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \)\(f\left( x \right)\) có 1 nghiệm \(x = 1\). Khi đó:
\(f\left( x \right) < 0\) với mọi \(x \in \mathbb{R}\backslash \left\{ 1 \right\}\)
g) Ta có \(a = - 3 < 0,b = 3,c = - 1\)
\(\Delta = {3^2} - 4.\left( { - 3} \right).\left( { - 1} \right) = - 3 < 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \)\(f\left( x \right) < 0\forall x \in \mathbb{R}\)
Xét dấu của các tam thức bậc hai sau đây:
a) \(f\left( x \right) = 2{x^2} + 4x + 2\)
b) \(f\left( x \right) = - 3{x^2} + 2x + 21\)
c) \(f\left( x \right) = - 2{x^2} + x - 2\)
d) \(f\left( x \right) = - 4x(x + 3) - 9\)
e) \(f\left( x \right) = \left( {2x + 5} \right)\left( {x - 3} \right)\)
a) \(f\left( x \right) = 2{x^2} + 4x + 2\) có \(\Delta = 0\), có nghiệm kép là \({x_1} = {x_2} = - 1\)
và \(a = 2 > 0\)
Ta có bảng xét dấu như sau:
Vậy \(f\left( x \right)\) dương với mọi \(x \ne - 1\)
b) \(f\left( x \right) = - 3{x^2} + 2x + 21\) có \(\Delta = 256 > 0\), hai nghiệm phân biệt là \({x_1} = - \frac{7}{3};{x_2} = 3\)
và \(a = - 3 < 0\)
Ta có bảng xét dấu như sau:
Vậy \(f\left( x \right)\) dương với \(x \in \left( { - \frac{7}{3};3} \right)\) và âm khi \(x \in \left( { - \infty ; - \frac{7}{3}} \right) \cup \left( {3; + \infty } \right)\)
c) \(f\left( x \right) = - 2{x^2} + x - 2\) có \(\Delta = - 15 < 0\), tam thức vô nghiệm
và \(a = - 2 < 0\)
Ta có bảng xét dấu như sau:
Vậy \(f\left( x \right)\) âm với mọi \(x \in \mathbb{R}\)
d) \(f\left( x \right) = - 4x\left( {x + 3} \right) - 9 = - 4{x^2} - 12x - 9\) có \(\Delta = 0\), tam thức có nghiệm kép \({x_1} = {x_2} = - \frac{3}{2}\) và \(a = - 4 < 0\)
Ta có bảng xét dấu như sau
Vậy \(f\left( x \right)\) âm với mọi \(x \ne - \frac{3}{2}\)
e) \(f\left( x \right) = \left( {2x + 5} \right)\left( {x - 3} \right) = 2{x^2} - x - 15\) có \(\Delta = 121 > 0\), có hai nghiệm phân biệt \({x_1} = - \frac{5}{2};{x_2} = 3\) và có \(a = 2 > 0\)
Ta có bảng xét dấu như sau
Vậy \(f\left( x \right)\) âm với \(x \in \left( { - \frac{5}{2};3} \right)\) và dương khi \(x \in \left( { - \infty ; - \frac{5}{2}} \right) \cup \left( {3; + \infty } \right)\)
Bài 2 Xét dấu biểu thức sau
1 , \(f\left(x\right)=x^2-\sqrt{3}x+\frac{3}{4}\)
2 , \(f\left(x\right)=-x^2+3x-2\)
3 , \(f\left(x\right)=x^4-4x+1\)
4 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{3x+7}{x^2-x-2}\)
5 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x+2}{3x+1}-\frac{x-2}{2x-1}\)
6 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{x^2-5x+4}-\frac{1}{x^2-7x+10}\)
7 , \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)-\frac{18}{x^2-4x-4}\)
8 , \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
9 , \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(-4x^2+9x-2\right)\)
10 , \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{10-x}{5+x^2}-\frac{1}{2}\)
1. Xét dấu các biểu thức sau :
a, f(x) = \(\frac{\left(7-4x\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)}{2x^2-3x+2}\)
b, g(x) = \(\frac{\left(25-x^2\right)\left(x^2+6x+9\right)}{-x^2-2x+8}\)
c, h(x) = \(\frac{x\left(x^2-4x-12\right)}{\sqrt{6}x^2-3x+\sqrt{2}}\)
d, k(x) = \(\frac{-x^3-5x^2+4}{x^4+4x^3-8x-5}\)