ta có :

A chia hết cho 15 nên A chia hết cho 3 và A chia hết cho 5

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(\left(2x-1\right)^{20}=\left(2x-1\right)^{18}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^{20}-\left(2x-1\right)^{18}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^{18}\left[\left(2x-1\right)^2-1\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^{18}\cdot\left(2x-2\right)\cdot2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=3\\2x-3=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=6\\2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) Ta có: \(\left(x-5\right)^2=\left(1-3x\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2-\left(3x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5-3x+1\right)\left(x-5+3x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-2x-4\right)\left(4x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2: 

a) \(15^{20}-15^{19}=15^{19}\left(15-1\right)=15^{19}\cdot14⋮14\)

b) \(3^{20}+3^{21}+3^{22}=3^{20}\left(1+3+3^2\right)=3^{20}\cdot13⋮13\)

c) \(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2007}\)

\(=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{2005}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)

\(=13\left(3+...+3^{2005}\right)⋮13\)

\(a,\left(n+10\right)\left(n+15\right)\)

Với n lẻ \(\Rightarrow n=2k+1\left(k\in N\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(n+10\right)\left(n+15\right)=\left(2k+11\right)\left(2k+16\right)=2\left(k+8\right)\left(2k+11\right)⋮2\)

Với n chẵn \(\Rightarrow n=2q\left(q\in N\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(n+10\right)\left(n+15\right)=\left(2q+10\right)\left(2q+15\right)=2\left(q+5\right)\left(2q+15\right)⋮2\)

Suy ra đpcm

\(b,\) Với n chẵn \(\Rightarrow n=2k\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮2\)

Với n lẻ \(\Rightarrow n=2q+1\Rightarrow n+1=2q+2=2\left(q+1\right)⋮2\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮2\)

Vậy \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮2\)

Với \(n=3k\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮3\)

Với \(n=3k+1\Rightarrow2n+1=6k+3=3\left(2k+1\right)⋮3\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮3\)

Với \(n=3k+2\Rightarrow n+1=3\left(k+1\right)⋮3\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮3\)

Vậy \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)⋮3\)

Suy ra đpcm

a, \(\frac{2x+5}{x+2}=\frac{2\left(x+2\right)+1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{x+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+2\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)

Ta có bảng 

b, \(\frac{3x+5}{x-2}=\frac{3\left(x-2\right)+9}{x-2}=\frac{9}{x-2}\)

\(\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(9\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm9\right\}\)

Ta có bảng : 

b) A=2+2²+2³+...+2²⁰

A=(2+2²)+(2³+2⁴)+...+(2¹⁹+2²⁰)

A=3.2+3.2³+...+3.2¹⁹

A=3.(2+2³+2⁵+...+2¹⁹)

⇒A⋮3

phần c) làm tương tự

Lời giải:

a.

\(3x^2+2y\vdots 11\Leftrightarrow 5(3x^2+2y)\vdots 11\)

$\Leftrightarrow 15x^2+10y\vdots 11$

$\Leftrightarrow 15x^2+10y-22y\vdots 11$

$\Leftrightarrow 15x^2-12y\vdots 11$ (đpcm)

b.

$2x+3y^2\vdots 7$

$\Leftrightarrow 3(2x+3y^2)\vdots 7$

$\Leftrightarrow 6x+9y^2\vdots 7$

$\Leftrightarrow 6x+9y^2+7y^2\vdots 7$

$\Leftrightarrow 6x+16y^2\vdots 7$ (đpcm)

Bài 4 :

Thay x=y+5 , ta có :

a ) ( y+5)*(y5+2)+y*(y-2)-2y*(y+5)+65

=(y+5)*(y+7)+y^2-2y-2y^2-10y+65

=y^2+7y+5y+35-y^2-2y-2y^2-10y+65

= 100

Bài 5 :

A = 15x-23y

B = 2x-3y

Ta có : A-B

= ( 15x -23y)-(2x-3y)

=15x-23y-2x-3y

=13x-26y

=13x*(x-2y) chia hết cho 13 

=> Nếu A chia hết cho 13 thì B chia hết cho 13 và ngược lại