Lời giải :

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+2b+c=x\\a+b+2c=y\\a+b+3c=z\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-x+5y-3z\\b=x-2y+z\\c=z-y\end{cases}}\)

Thay vào P ta được :

\(P=\frac{-x+5y-3z+3z-3y}{x}+\frac{4x-8y+4z}{y}+\frac{-8z+8y}{z}\)

\(P=-1+\frac{2y}{x}+\frac{4x}{y}-8+\frac{4z}{y}-8+\frac{8y}{z}\)

\(P=-17+\left(\frac{2y}{x}+\frac{4x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{4z}{y}+\frac{8y}{z}\right)\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :

\(P\ge-17+2\sqrt{\frac{2y\cdot4x}{x\cdot y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{4z\cdot8y}{x\cdot z}}\)

\(=-17+2\sqrt{8}+2\sqrt{32}\)

\(=-17+12\sqrt{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2y}{x}=\frac{4x}{y}\\\frac{4z}{y}=\frac{8y}{z}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x^2=y^2\\z^2=2y^2\end{cases}}\)

Thay a,b,c vào tìm ra dấu "=" nhé. Khá dài và phức tạp đấy.

Ai ti-ck sai ra đây nói chuyện nào ?

em ti-ck đúng cho anh rùi nhé!! (^.^)

Ta có: BĐT phụ sau: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)( CM bằng BĐT Shwars nha).Áp dụng ta có:

\(\frac{1}{a+3b+5c}+\frac{1}{b+3c+5a}+\frac{1}{3a+2b+4c}\ge\frac{9}{9a+6b+12c}=\frac{3}{3a+2b+4c}\left(1\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{b+3c+5a}+\frac{1}{c+3a+5b}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+4a}\ge\frac{9}{9b+6c+12a}=\frac{3}{3b+2c+4a}\left(2\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{c+3a+5b}+\frac{1}{a+3b+5c}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+4b}\ge\frac{9}{9c+6a+12b}=\frac{3}{3c+2a+4b}\left(3\right)\)

Cộng (1),(2) và (3) có:

\(2\left(\frac{1}{a+3b+5c}+\frac{1}{b+3c+5c}+\frac{1}{c+3a+5b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3a+2b+4c}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+4a}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+4b}\right)\ge3\left(\frac{1}{3a+2b+4c}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+4a}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+4b}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2VP\ge2VT\)

\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)

Đặt \(x=a+b+2c;y=2a+b+c;z=a+b+3c\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)

Từ đó tính được: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=z+y-2x\\b=5x-y-3z\\c=z-x\end{cases}}\)

Lúc đó \(A=\frac{4\left(z+y-2x\right)}{x}+\frac{\left(5x-y-3z\right)+3\left(z-x\right)}{y}-\frac{8\left(z-x\right)}{z}\)

\(=\frac{4z+4y}{x}-8+\frac{2x}{y}-1+\frac{8x}{z}-8\)

\(=\left(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{2x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{8x}{z}\right)-17\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4y}{x}.\frac{2x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{4z}{x}.\frac{8x}{z}}-17=12\sqrt{2}-17\)(Theo BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số dương)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{4y}{x}=\frac{2x}{y}\\\frac{4z}{x}=\frac{8x}{z}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\sqrt{2}\\z=x\sqrt{2}=2y\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{z}{2}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{1}\)

Đặt \(\frac{z}{2}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{1}=k\left(k>0\right)\)thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}z=2k\\x=\sqrt{2}k\\y=k\end{cases}}\). Lúc đó \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)k\\b=\left(5\sqrt{2}-7\right)k\\c=\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)k\end{cases}}\)

Vậy \(MinA=12\sqrt{2}-17\), đạt được khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)k\\b=\left(5\sqrt{2}-7\right)k\\c=\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)k\end{cases}}\left(k>0\right)\)

Ta có:

\(A=a+b+c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}\)

\(=\left(\frac{3a}{4}+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{4}+\frac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{3c}{4}\right)\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3a}{4}.\frac{3}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b}{2}.\frac{9}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c}{4}.\frac{4}{c}}+\frac{1}{4}.\left(a+2b+3c\right)\)

\(\ge3+3+2+\frac{20}{4}=13\)

Vậy GTNN của A là 13 đạt được khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=3\\c=4\end{cases}}\)

 _(Từ đầu bài ta có: GTNN của A là 13 đạt được khi: b = 3 và c =

a =  9 - (3 + 4)

= 2

GTNN của A = 3 <=>  \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=3\\c=4\end{cases}}\)

Ta có : \(P=\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2c-1}{2017+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow P+3=\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+1+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+1+\frac{3a+3b+2c-1}{2017+c}+1\)

\(=\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2017+c}\)

\(=\left(3a+3b+3c+2016\right)\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\)

\(=4.2016\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\) \(\left(a+b+c=2016\right)\)

\(=8064.\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\)

Vì a ; b ; c dương , áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\), ta có :

\(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\ge\frac{9}{2015+2016+2017+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{8064}\)

\(\Rightarrow P+3\ge8064.\frac{9}{8064}=9\) \(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2015+a=2016+b=2017+c\\a+b+c=2016\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+1=c+2\\a+b+c=2016\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=673;b=672;c=671\)

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