\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(Fe_2O_3+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeO+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(CO+PbO\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\uparrow+Pb\)

\(FeO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+CO_2\uparrow\)

--> Hh kim loại Y là Cu , Pb , FeO , Fe 

hh khí Z sau p/u là CO2 

                          \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)

trc p/u :                            0,5                  0,3 

p/u :                     0,3          0,3           0,3            0,3 

sau :                    0,3         0,2              0              0,3 

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{30}{100}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{CO_2}=0,3.44=13,2\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khổi lượng :

\(m_Y=53,5-13,2=40,3\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow y=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,02                                  0,02   ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow x=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_2O_3\)

\(n_{H_2\left(thu\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

1                                 :    1    (mol)

0,02                            :  0,02 (mol)

\(n_{H_2\left(dùng\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(yH_2+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}xFe+yH_2O\)

y                      :       x  (mol)

0,03                 :      0,02 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,03}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{x}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=2;y=3\)

-Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe₂O₃.

Gọi số mol CuO và Fe₂O₃ là a, b (mol)

=> 80a + 160b = 56 (1)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

            Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ --t^o--> 2Fe + 3H₂O

             CuO + CO --t^o--> Cu + CO₂

             Fe₂O₃ + 3CO --t^o--> 2Fe + 3CO₂

=> 64a + 112b = 43,2 (2)   

(1)(2) => a = 0,5 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

\(n_{H_2\left(lý.thuyết\right)}=n_{CO\left(lý.thuyết\right)}=a+3b=\)0,8 (mol)

=> \(n_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=n_{CO\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,8.120}{100}=0,96\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=V_{CO\left(tt\right)}=0,96.22,4=21,504\left(l\right)\)

Bài 1:

a) PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+2H_2O\)

                \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=20\cdot80\%=16\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=20-16=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)

c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{hhB}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot56+0,05\cdot64=14,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

            \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

a) Vì khối lượng Cu bằng \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) khối lượng Fe 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=\dfrac{26,4}{6+5}\cdot6=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=26,4-14,4=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,4}{64}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9}{28}+0,225=\dfrac{153}{280}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{153}{280}\cdot22,4=12,24\left(l\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{28}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3}{28}\cdot160\approx17,14\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,225\cdot80=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=35,14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{17,14}{35,14}\cdot100\%\approx48,78\%\\\%m_{CuO}=51,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 3:

PTHH: \(CuO+CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_3O_4+4CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4CO_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{31,2+15,2}{2}=23,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=31,2-23,2=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)=\dfrac{8}{80}=n_{CuO}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CO}=n_{CO_2}=n_{Cu}+\dfrac{4}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{7}{30}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO}=V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{7}{30}\cdot22,4\approx5,23\left(l\right)\)  

Gọi số mol CuO, Fe_xO_y là a, b (mol)

=> 80a + (56x + 16y)b = 24 (1)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

              a--------------->a

            Fe_xO_y + yH₂ --t^o--> xFe + yH₂O

               b----------------->bx

=> 64a + 56bx = 17,6 (2)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

            bx------------------->bx

=> bx = \(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\) (3)

(2)(3) => a = 0,1 (mol)

(1) => 56bx +16by = 16

=> by = 0,3 (mol)

=> \(\dfrac{bx}{by}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\) 

=> CTHH: Fe₂O₃

a) n_CaCO3 = \(\dfrac{11}{100}\)=0,11 mol

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của CuO, PbO

Pt: CuO + CO --to--> Cu + CO₂

........x...........x........................x (mol)

PbO + CO --to--> Pb + CO₂

.y..........y..........................y (mol)

CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ --> CaCO₃ + H₂O

0,11 mol<----------------0,11 mol

Theo pt, ta có: n_CO = n_CO2 = 0,11 mol

V_CO = 0,11 . 22,4 = 2,464 (lít)

b) Ta có hệ pt:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+223y=10,23\\x+y=0,11\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔x=0,1

 ,y=0,01

m_CuO = 0,1 . 80 = 8 (g)

m_PbO = 0,01 . 223 = 2,23 (g)

% m_CuO = \(\dfrac{8}{10,23}100\%\)=78,2%

% m_PbO = \(\dfrac{2,23}{10,23}100\)=21,8%

Gọi CT oxit sắt là FexOy

Gọi nCu=a(mol)

nH2=\(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}\)=0,3(mol)

FexOy+yH2to→xFe+yH2O(1)

Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2(2)

Theo pthh(2) 

nFe=nH2=0,3(mol)

Theo pthh(1)

nFexOy=\(\dfrac{0,3}{x}\)(mol)

Ta có: 64a+56.0,3=29,6

⇒a=0,2(mol)

⇒mCu=0,2.64=12,8(g)

⇒mFexOy=36−12,8=23,2(g)

=>MFexOy= \(\dfrac{\dfrac{23,2}{0,3}}{x}\)=\(\dfrac{232x}{3}\)

=>56x+16y=\(\dfrac{232x}{3}\)

=>\(\dfrac{64x}{3}=16y\)

->\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

⇒CTHH:Fe3O4

Ta có :

%m Cu=\(\dfrac{12,8}{36}100\)=35,56%

=>%m Fe3O4=100%-35,56%=64,44%