IX. Read the passage below and choose the correct word to complete each numbered blank. Write your answers A, B, C or D on your answer sheet. (5 pts)

                               A POWERFUL INFLUENCE

There can be no (1) at all that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, hardly (2)   doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are (3)   to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be harmful for their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time (4)  their computers?

Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours, (5) in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should (6) of the Internet, and the child should give his or her (7)    that it won’t interfere with homework. If the child is not (8)    to this arrangement, the parents can take more drastic (9)   . Dealing with a child’s use of the Internet is not much different from (10)   any other sort of bargain about behavior.

I. Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space.

For each question, mark the correct letter A. B, C or D on your answer sheet.

                                                                                    CHOCOLATE

When the Spanish explorer Cortez reached Mexico in the sixteenth century, he found the people there using a drink they (56) ........... chocolate. It tasted quite strong (57) ........... it had pepper in it. To (58) ........... it tastes better, the Spanish added sugar to it. When chocolate first came to Europe in the seventeenth century, people started to drink it with milk, (59) ........... of water. Nowadays, tones of chocolate and cocoa are (60) ........... to factories, where they are turned (61) ........... any popular sweets and cakes.

(62) ........... chocolate and cocoa come from the fruit of the cacao tree. Cacao trees (63) ...........       only be grown in hot countries, as they need a warm climate. Cacao is an American plant, (64) ........... still grows wild in the northern part of South America. Countries in Central and South America were the first to grow it, but today Africa (65) ........... the world with the most chocolate.

I. Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space. Write your answers in ‘Your answers’ part. (15 points) ZOOS Many people remember (1) ___________ to the zoo as a child. They remember especially the excitement of (2) ___________ seeing animals for the first time, when before they had only read about them in books or seen them on television. However, there is (3) ___________ discussion today about the future of zoos and what their role should be. Supporters of zoos claim that they have an educational (4) ___________ and represent a good way for people of (5) ___________ ages to learn more about the natural world. Also, zoos provide (6) ___________ for important research and frequently (7) ___________ scientists to help save those animals which are becoming (8) ___________ rare in the wild. Opponents, however, criticize zoos for a number of reasons. Firstly, they say that it is (9) ___________ to keep animals in cages. Even in the best zoos, animals may (10) ___________ because the places in which they have to live are both restricted and (11) ___________. This can cause them to (12) ___________ stress and can affect their health. Secondly, they believe that money would be (13) __________ spent on protecting animals in their (14) __________ environment. Finally, opponents (15) __________ out that most people nowadays can see well-made nature documentaries on television and that this is a much more valuable experience than going to a zoo. 1. A. to take B. taking C. being taken D. to be taken 2. A actually B genuinely C positively D truly 3. A deep B considerable C large D important 4. A activity B function C situation D occupation 5. A several B both C all D every 6. A ways B reasons C methods D opportunities 7. A make B arrange C allow D let 8. A completely B increasingly C totally D greatly 9. A violent B severe C heavy D cruel 10. A suffer B injure C fail D hurt 11. A designed B manufactured C artificial D false 12. A experience B have C create D bear 13. A further B rather C better D more 14. A standard B daily C typical D natural 15. A pick B point C show D speak

Space Tourism If you are like most people, you probably dream of spending your next vacation sightseeing or relaxing in a tropical spot. But pretty soon, you may have the option of blasting into space and exploring the universe. It appears that space tourism may start to experience a boom that is sure to be out of this world. Since ancient times, humans have surely dreamed about visiting space. However, it was just a fantasy until 1961, when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly into space. Yet in the years following, only a few highly-trained Soviet and American astronauts managed to leave the Earth’s atmosphere. In the mid-1980s, the US began to relax some of its restrictions. In 1986, an engineer named Charles Walker became the first non-government employee to fly into space. A year later, an American teacher named Christa McAuliffe was chosen to be the first teacher in space. Unfortunately, the Space Shuttle she was on, The Challenger, crashed during takeoff, killing everyone on board. Space tourism got an unexpected boost from the collapse of the Soviet Union. With Russia’s space programme in dire need of money, it became open to offers for space tourism. In 1990, a Japanese reporter was allowed to fly with a Russian crew into space, but the trip would cost his employer $28 million. In the late 1990s, a private company, MirCorp, started organizing trips to space for wealthy individuals. Now, many other companies are trying to do the same. Still, most people who want to become space tourists face a major barrier: the price. Early space tourists have paid dozens of millions of dollars for a seven-to- ten-day stay outside the Earth. However, there are some indications that the price will come down in the near future. Some corporations are gearing up for this with big plans to make space a more hospitable place. The luxurious hotel chain Hilton has expressed interest in opening a space hotel in the next 15 to 20 years. Meanwhile, some experts believe that flights to and from the moon could become a common occurrence within a few decades. Hopefully someday soon we will all have the chance to get to know our solar system a little bit better. 1: What happened in 1961? A: The first space tourist traveled into space. B: An American astronaut landed on the moon. C: The first human traveled into space. D: The first Soviet space tourism company opened. 2: Who was Christa McAuliffe? A: The first American space tourist B: A businesswoman who supported space tourism C: A Soviet official who banned space tourism D: An American teacher who wanted to travel into space 3: What effect did the end of the Soviet Union have on space tourism? A: It made space tourism more expensive. B: It made space tourism become a reality. C: It delayed the start of space tourism for many years. D: It prevented people from flying into space for a decade. 4: The word “dire” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________. A: necessary B: sufficient C: important D: serious 5: What is MirCorp? A: A company that develops equipment for space tourism B: A company that fights against bringing people into space C: A Russian government agency that trains astronauts D: An organization that plans trips for people who want to visit space 6: Why aren’t more people taking vacation in space? A: Space tourism hasn’t proven to be safe just yet. B: Most governments have made it illegal to travel in space. C: Many are waiting for the cost to come down. D: Many have stated that there is not much to see in space. 7: What does the passage imply about the future of space tourism? A: Eventually, space tourism will become cheaper. B: It seems very unlikely that space tourism will ever be popular. C: There will be few space tourists until more hotels are developed. D: It really isn’t worth it for common people to journey. 8: It can be inferred from the passage that _________. A: Christa McAuliffe has been the first teacher to come back from space B: the Japanese reporter spent two weeks in space in 1990 C: Charles Walker had never been a pilot before joining the NASA’s training programme D: the US began to relax some restrictions because of the disaster of The Challenger.

Read the text below and choose the correct word or phrase (A, B, C or D) for each space. Write your answer on the answer sheet. (2.5 points)

SHARKS

Sharks are some of the most frightening creatures in our oceans. They are well prepared for feeding under water because they can (1) _____ very well, and they can also (2) _____ movement through special lines on the sides of their bodies. These make sharks very (3) _____ for smaller sea creatures that become their food.

Although sharks are similar (4) _____ other fish in a number of ways, their bodies are different. For example, unlike other fish, most sharks (5) _____ to swim all the time in order to breathe and stay alive, (6) _____ they hardly sleep at all. Also, if sharks are turned over on their backs, the can stop moving (7) _____ . This is a very useful technique for reasearchers (8) _____ are often required to (9) _____ sharks. It allows them to (10) _____ out more about these fascinating creatures.

1. A. watch B. look C. notice D. see

2. A. touch B. feel C. know D. catch

3. A. dangerous B. difficult C. serious D. important

4. A. with B. from C. to D. of

5. A. ought B. need C. must D. should

6. A. so B. as C. but D. or

7. A. perfectly B. finally C. fully D. completely

8. A. which B. who C. what D. whose

9. A. sort B. care C. deal D. handle

10. A. discover B. search C. find D. study

Task 20: What do the underlined words refer to? Select the correct answers. Write your answers (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. (0.2pt)

An alien civilization could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy, but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy. It turns out that, for a given amount of transmitted power, radio waves in the frequency range 1000 to 3000 MHz travel the greatest distance, and so all searches to date have concentrated on looking for radio waves in this frequency range. So far there have been a number of searches by various groups around the world, including Australian searches using the radio telescope at Parkes, New South Wales. Until now there have not been any detections from the few hundred stars (1) which have been searched. The scale of the searches has been increased dramatically since 1992, when the US Congress voted NASA $10 million per year for ten years to conduct a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life. Much of the money in (2) this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once.

1. A. the few hundred stars B. any detections C. scientists

2. A. the US Congress B. a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life C. NASA

Task 21: Rearrange the words/phrases to make complete sentences. Select the correct sentences. Write your answers (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. (0.4pt) Example: my / I / scarves / beautiful / forgot / two / pack / to /.

--> Answer: I forgot to pack my two beautiful scarves.

1. Knives / dangerous / not / as / as / are / guns /.

A. Knives are not as dangerous as guns. B. Knives not are as dangerous as guns. C. Knives as are not dangerous as guns.

2. would / I / say / please / to / like / something.

A. I would like to say please something. B. I would like to say something please.

C. I would say to like something please.

Task 22: Combine these words to make sentences, using the correct word forms. Select the correct sentences. Write your answers (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. (0.4pt)

Example: I/ want/see/you/ office.

--> Answer: I want to see you in my office.

1. What/ qualities/ you/ need/ be/ good/ journalist/?

A. What qualities you need be a good journalist?

B. What qualities do you need to be a good journalist?

C. What qualities you need to be a good journalist?

2. If/ you/ afraid/ speak/ public/ you/ be/not/ alone/!/

A. If you afraid speak in public, you are not alone!

B. If you are afraid of speak in public, you are not alone!

C. If you are afraid of speaking in public, you are not alone!

Task 23: Rewrite each sentence without changing the meaning of the given sentence. Begin the new sentence with the suggested word. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (0.4pt)

Ex: When I came, he was having dinner. → When………………………………………. Answer: When I arrived, he was having dinner.

 1. I advise you not to stay up late every night.

-You should………………………………….

2. She didn’t accept my proposal yesterday.

- My proposal…………………………………

Task 20: What do the underlined words refer to? Select the correct answers. Write your answers (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. (0.2pt)

An alien civilization could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy, but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy. It turns out that, for a given amount of transmitted power, radio waves in the frequency range 1000 to 3000 MHz travel the greatest distance, and so all searches to date have concentrated on looking for radio waves in this frequency range. So far there have been a number of searches by various groups around the world, including Australian searches using the radio telescope at Parkes, New South Wales. Until now there have not been any detections from the few hundred stars (1) which have been searched. The scale of the searches has been increased dramatically since 1992, when the US Congress voted NASA $10 million per year for ten years to conduct a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life. Much of the money in (2) this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once.

1. A. the few hundred stars B. any detections C. scientists

2. A. the US Congress B. a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life C. NASA

Task 21: Rearrange the words/phrases to make complete sentences. Select the correct sentences. Write your answers (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. (0.4pt) Example: my / I / scarves / beautiful / forgot / two / pack / to /.

--> Answer: I forgot to pack my two beautiful scarves.

1. Knives / dangerous / not / as / as / are / guns /.

A. Knives are not as dangerous as guns. B. Knives not are as dangerous as guns. C. Knives as are not dangerous as guns.

2. would / I / say / please / to / like / something.

A. I would like to say please something. B. I would like to say something please.

C. I would say to like something please.

Task 22: Combine these words to make sentences, using the correct word forms. Select the correct sentences. Write your answers (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. (0.4pt)

Example: I/ want/see/you/ office.

--> Answer: I want to see you in my office.

1. What/ qualities/ you/ need/ be/ good/ journalist/?

A. What qualities you need be a good journalist?

B. What qualities do you need to be a good journalist?

C. What qualities you need to be a good journalist?

2. If/ you/ afraid/ speak/ public/ you/ be/not/ alone/!/

A. If you afraid speak in public, you are not alone!

B. If you are afraid of speak in public, you are not alone!

C. If you are afraid of speaking in public, you are not alone!

Task 23: Rewrite each sentence without changing the meaning of the given sentence. Begin the new sentence with the suggested word. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (0.4pt)

Ex: When I came, he was having dinner. → When………………………………………. Answer: When I arrived, he was having dinner.

 1. I advise you not to stay up late every night.

-You should………………………………….

2. She didn’t accept my proposal yesterday.

- My proposal…………………………………

I. Read the following passage and choose one correct answer to each question.

     Write your answer (A, B, C, or D) in the space given on the right. (5 pts)

In an effort to attract more passengers, airlines are now providing frequent travelers with services that rival those of first-rate restaurants and hotels. The routine privileges most companies offer first-class and business clientele include express check-in, free drinks and headsets and more refined menus. In addition, a growing number of airlines have amenities such as fully reclining sleeper seats and furnish eye-shades and sleeper socks. At some international airports, companies have established membership lounges that allow business travelers the use of fax machines, personal computers, and private conference rooms. A few have even gone so far as to install video systems on the arm rests of seats and to serve meals upon request rather on fixed schedule. All of these services come at a price, however, that is reflected in ticket prices substantially above those regular coach classes.

1.      What is the best title for the passage?

A. Frequent Travelers                 C. First Class Accommodation

B. Special Airlines Services       D. The Airline Business

2.      According to the passage, added airline privileges serve to _____.

A. improve coach-class service  C. bolster employee morale

B. attract new clientele                D. compensate for a reduction in routes

3.      The word "amenities" most closely means _____.

A. comforts                                  B. accommodations                                                 

C. refreshments                            D. incentives

4.      Which of the following services is not mentioned in the passage?

A. Meals when requested            C. Video Systems

B. Free headsets                          D. Public restrooms

5.      According to the passage, business lounges are available _____.

A. at most airport                        B. to members only                                                 

C. during limited hours               D. at a normal charge

Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each of the following questions. Write your answers on the answer sheet.

LITTER ON MOUNT EVEREST

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. It is also the highest trash pile in the world. About 400 people try to reach the top every year. Having many climbers means a lot of trash. It is very dangerous to climb Mt. Everest. The air is very thin and cold. Most people carry bottles of oxygen; they could die without it. When the oxygen bottles are empty, people throw them on the ground. When strong winds rip their tents, people leave them behind. They don’t have the energy to take the trash away. They only have enough energy to go down the mountain safely. Trash is a terrible problem. Since people first began to climb Mt. Everest, they have left 50,000 kilos of trash on the mountain. Several groups have climbed the mountain just to pick up the trash. When people plan to climb the mountain, they have to plan to take away their trash.

29. What is the passage written about?

A. Wind on the mountain                                        B. A problem with path

C. A problem with trash                                          D. Climbing safely

30.  How much trash has been left on the mountain?

A. Four hundred kilos                                                         B. Four thousand kilos

C. Five thousand kilos                                             D. Fifty thousand kilos

31. Which of the following sentences is NOT fasle?

A. Climbers on Mount Everest carry bottles of oxygen because they are thirsty.

B. Climbers on Mount Everest carry bottles of oxygen because the air is very thin.

C. Climbers on Mount Everest carry bottles of oxygen because climbing makes them tired. 

D. Climbers on Mount Everest carry bottles of oxygen because the weather is not cold.

32.  In line 4, the sentence: “people throw them on the ground”, what does the word them refer to?

A. Tents                     B. Oxygen bottles                  C. Strong winds       D. Other climbers

33. Why do climbers leave their trash on the mountain?

A. Special groups will pick it up.                           B. The wind will blow it away.

C. They don’t have the energy to take it away.    D. Other climbers will use it later.

I. Choose the correct answer to complete each of the sentences below.

    Write your answers (A, B, C or D) in the spaces given on the right. (10 pts)

1.       Jane, as well as the other students, seldom came to class late, _____?

A. didn’t she      B. didn’t they         C. did she                   D. did they                                                       __________

2.       Her only brother, _____ is living in London, used to go to this school.

A. that                  B. who                     C. whom                     D. he                                                                 __________

3.       I don't have my own room. I have to ______ the bedroom with my elder brother.

A. divide             B. share                  C. separate                D. live                                                               __________

4.       My alarm clock didn’t _____, so I was late for class yesterday.

A. set up             B. put off                 C. go off                      D. wind up                                                       __________

5.       She wondered _____ her father looked like now, after so many years away.

A. how                 B. where                 C. what                       D. that                                                               __________

6.       My brother has always had a reputation _____ hard.                      

A. in working     B. about working   C. to work                  D. for working                                                 __________

7.       I bought these trousers during the sale. They were a real _____.                

A. cheap             B. bargain              C. purchase               D. buy                                                               __________

8.       Have a good flight and remember to give me a _____ as soon as you arrive.

A. call                  B. phone                 C. ring                         D. touch                                                            __________

9.       In the desert, it is hot in the day-time but the temperature _____ sharply at night.  

A. slips                B. drops                  C. descends              D. reduces                                                       __________

10.    Paulo is the head _____ at the Buckingham Hotel. He’s famous for his fish recipes.             

A. cooker           B. chief                   C. waiter                     D. chef                                                              __________

11.    Unlike other Asian states, Singapore has _____ raw materials.

A. hardly             B. any hardly         C. hardly some         D. hardly any                                                  __________

12.    I object _____ like this.

A. to be treated                                  B. with treating                                                                                     __________

C. to being treated                             D. for being treated 

13.    David: "How about driving to the countryside this Sunday?"   Peter: “_____.”

A. That's a good idea                       B. That's my pleasure                                                                        __________

C. Yes, I am driving                          D. Never mind

14.    Linda: “What a lovely house you have!”     Jack: “_____.”

A. Of course not, it’s not costly                                            B. I think so                                                     __________

C. Thank you. Hope you will drop in                                  D. No problem

15.    You were wrong ______ her for something she didn't do.

A. so as to criticize                            B. of criticizing                                                                                      __________

C. that criticizing                                D. to criticize

16.    Does anybody know _____?

A. how long ago this castle was built                                 B. how long this castle was built ago        __________

C. how long ago was this castle built                                D. that how long ago was this castle built

17.    Tom is reading in the library. He’ll have a test tomorrow. He _____ for it now.

A. could study                                     B. should be studying                                                                         __________

C. will study                                         D. must be studying

18.    I like my sister’s house. It is a _____.

A. built new house                          B. newly built house                                                                           __________

C. built newly house                       D. new building house

19.    The driver of the car _____ in the accident was killed.

A. which was badly damaged        B. who was damaged badly                                                             __________

C. whom badly was damaged        D. that be damaged badly

20.    Mary: "Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting?"

Tom:  "No, I would gladly have paid _____ for it."

A. twice so much                                 B. as much twice                                                                                  __________

C. twice as much                                D. so much twice