\(nHCl=V_{HCl}\times CM_{HCl}=1.1mol\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\dfrac{1}{2}nHCl=nH2=0.55mol\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H2}=0.55\times22.4=12.32l\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(muoi\right)}=m_{KL}+m_{Cl^-}=25.3+1.1\times35.5=64.35g\)

nHCl = 0.4 * 2.75 = 1.1 (mol) 

=> nH2 = nHCl/2 = 0.55 (mol) 

VH2 = 12.32 (l) 

BTKL : 

mA + mHCl = mX + mH2 

25.3 + 1.1*36.5 = mX + 1.1 

=> mX = 64.35 (g) 

\(n_{HCl}=1,5.0,4=0,6(mol)\\ X+HCl\to muối+H_2\)

Bảo toàn H: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=0,3(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\\BTKL:m_A+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{muối}=35+0,6.36,5-0,3.2=56,3(g)\)

\(n_{HCl}=2,75.0,4=1,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{H2}=\frac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\frac{1,1}{2}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow V=0,55.22,4=12,32\left(l\right)\)

BTKL: m A+mHCl=m muối+mH2

\(\rightarrow25,3+1,1.36,5=m_{muoi}+0,55.2\)

\(\rightarrow m_{muoi}=64,35\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

X là khí Hidro

b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2mol\) 

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{8,64}\cdot100\%=62,5\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=37,5\%\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6mol\) 

\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)

\(4.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.15.....0.3....................0.15\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.5}=0.6\left(M\right)\)

\(5.\)

\(Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=8.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.25\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=b=0.1\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{5.6}{8.3}\cdot100\%=67.47\%\)

\(\%Al=32.53\%\)

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

              a_______a_______a_____a    (mol)

            \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                2b______3b__________b_____3b    (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27\cdot2b=11\\a+3b=0,2\cdot2=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%\approx50,91\%\\\%m_{Al}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

a) nH2SO4=0,4(mol)

Đặt: nFe=x(mol); nAl=y(mol) (x,y>0)

PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

x________x______x______x(mol)

2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

y____1,5y_______0,5y_______1,5y(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)

=>%mFe=(5,6/11).100=50,909%

=>%mAl= 49,091%

b) V(H2,đktc)=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)

c) nAl2(SO4)3= 0,5y=0,5.0,2=0,1(mol)

nFeSO4=x=0,1(mol)

Vddsau=VddH2SO4=0,2(l)

=>CMddAl2(SO4)3= 0,1/0,2=0,5(M)

CMddFeSO4=0,1/0,2=0,5(M)