Đáp án A

Đặt n_Fe = a và n_Al = b.

+ Phương trình theo khối lượng hỗn hợp: 56a + 27b = 9,65 (1)

+ Phương trình bảo toàn e là: 2a + 3b = 2n_H2 = 0,65 (2)

+ Giải hệ (1) và (2) ⇒ n_Al = b = 0,15 mol

⇒ %m_Al = 0,15×27/9,65 × 100 ≈ 41,97% 

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2Al+6H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\\ Mg+2H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

Đặt \(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,65\\1,5a+b=0,375\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,15}{7,65}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=100\%-52,94\%=47,06\%\)

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Chọn đáp án A.

Có  3 n A l + 2 n Z n = 2 n H 2 = 0 , 5   m o l 27 n A l + 65 n Z n = 9 , 2 g

⇒ n A l = 0 , 1   m o l n Z n = 0 , 1   m o l

_{Không viết phương trình nhá !!}

a) Gọi a và b lần lượt là số mol của Mg và Al

\(\Rightarrow24a+27b=1,035\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=2\cdot0,0525\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\\b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,015\cdot24}{1,035}\cdot100\%\approx34,78\%\\\%m_{Al}=65,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(p/ứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0475\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0475\cdot98=4,655\left(g\right)\)

c) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{oxit}=0,0125\cdot102+0,015\cdot40=1,875\left(g\right)\)

a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_A=1,035\left(g\right)\rightarrow24a+27b=1,035\) (1)

\(Mg+2H_2SO_4đ\rightarrow MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

a ------------ 2a ----------------------- a (mol) 

\(2Al+6H_2SO_4đ\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)

b ------------ 3b -------------------------- 1,5b (mol)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\rightarrow a+1,5b=0,0525\) (2) 

Giải hệ (1)(2) \(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\\b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,015.24=0,36\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,025.27=0,675\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=34,78\%\\\%m_{Al}=65,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Sigma_{n_{H_2SO_4}}=2a+3b=0,105\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,105.98=10,29\left(g\right)\)

c. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,015\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=0,015.40+0,0125.102=1,875\left(g\right)\)

a, Ta có: 27n_Al + 56n_Fe = 27,8 (1)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{17,353}{24,79}=0,7\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{27,8}.100\%\approx19,42\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx80,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,5}=1,4\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ FeO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2mol\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{20}\cdot100\%=65\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100\%-65\%=35\%\)

\(a/\\3Al+2H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Zn+H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{400.9.8\%}{98}=0,4(mol)\\ n_{Al}=a(mol)\\ n_{Zn}=b(mol) m_{hh}=27a+65b=11,9(1)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5a+b=0,4(mol)\\ (1)(2)\\ a=0,2; b=0,1\\ b/\\ \%m_{Al}=\frac{0,2.27}{11,9}.100=45,38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=54,62\% \)