a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

nH2 = 0,15mol => nAl=0,1mol => mAl=2,7g; mAl2O3 = 10,2g => nAl2O3 = 0,1mol

=>%mAl=20,93% =>%mAl2O3 = 79,07%

b) nHCl = 0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9 mol=>mHCl(dd)=100g

mddY=12,9+100-0,15.2=112,6g

mAlCl3=22,5g=>C%=19,98%

a) MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂O (1)

MgCO₃ + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂ (2) 

b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{MgCO_3}=n.M=0,1.84=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgO}=16-8,4=8\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,4\left(mol\right)\); n_HCl(2) = 0,2(mol)

=> n_HCl = 0.4 + 0,2 = 0,6 (mol) 

=> V_HCl = \(\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)

a)

$Cu + 4HNO_3 \to Cu(NO_3)_2 + 2NO_2 + 2H_2O$
$Ag + 2HNO_3 \to AgNO_3 + NO_2 + H_2O$

b)

Gọi $n_{Cu} = a(mol) ; n_{Ag} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 64a + 108b = 4,52(1)$

$n_{NO_2} =2a + b = 0,07(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,02 ; b = 0,03

$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{0,02.64}{4,52}.100\% = 28,31\%$

$\%m_{Ag} = 71,69\%$

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}\\n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0.3\cdot65}{35,5}\cdot100\%\approx54,93\%\\\%m_{Cu}=45,07\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{500}\cdot100\%=4,38\%\\m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\cdot136=40,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=35,5-0,3\cdot65=16\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=518,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{40,8}{518,9}\cdot100\%\approx7,86\%\)

a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

b, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 24x + 40y = 4,4 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ x = 0,1 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{4,4}.100\%\approx54,54\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx45,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)=150\left(ml\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!