Mercury is the smallest member of the sun's family. It is only 3.100 miles across. It is also the sun's swiftest planet. Its yearly journey round the sun is only 85 days.

Mercury always keeps one side towards the sun. On this side it is always day, on the other side always night. We only see the lighted side.

Mercury appears to us like a yellowish orange star. The nearest planet to the sun, it is always seen near the sun, either just before sunrise or soon after sunset. People sometimes call mercury the morning star or evening star.

Mercury is half the size of the earth. Because it is much lighter, it has much less gravity. If you can visit Mercury in a spaceship, you will find it a strange world. Its low gravity makes you feel very light. If your weight on earth is 100 pounds, your weight on Mercury is only 27 pounds. Looking at the sun from Mercury, you can see that it's much more brilliant than it is seen from the earth. And the yellow centre of the sun appears three times bigger from Mercury.

On its lighted side, Mercury's temperature is about 300 degrees centigrate. But the dark side is extremely cold, but 150 degrees below zero so mercury is probably the coldest as well as the hottest of the planets.

21. A. Mercury is .......

A. the sun's fastest planet B. the coldest planet

C. the hottest planet D. all are correct

22. We cannot see the dark side of Mercury because .......

A. it moves very fast.

B. it always appears just before sunrise or soon after sunset.

C. it always keeps one side towards the sun.

D. it is too far for us to see.

23. When can we see Mercury? - We can see it ......

A. just before the sunset

B. just before sunrise

C. after the sunset

D. both A and C are correct

24. Why do we weigh much on the earth than on Mercury? - Because .......

A. Mercury is nearer to the sun. B. Mercury has got less gravity than the earth.

C. Mercury is much hotter. D. none are correct.

25. Why does the sun look bigger when it is seen from Mercury?

- Because .......

A. Mercury is the smallest planet of the sun.

B. Mercury is nearer to the sun.

C. Mercury is a light planet.

D. It only takes Mercury 88 days to move round the sun.

Chọn đáp án và giải thích chi tiết

VI. Read the text and classify the following statements.

There are eight other planets that travel around the sun. These planets, in order, include Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Earth is located between Venus and Mars. The path the planets use when traveling around the sun is oval-shaped and is called its orbit. Each of the planets in the solar system take a different amount of time to orbit the Sun.

Earth takes 365 days or one year to orbit the Sun. The other planets take more or less time to orbit the Sun. It takes Mercury 88 days to travel around the Sun, which is the shortest orbit time compared to other planets. The planet taking the longest time to go around the Sun is Neptune. It takes Neptune almost 165 years to travel around the Sun.

Normally, planets located closer to the sun are hotter than planets farther away. Mercury is the planet nearest the sun, and it can have a temperature of 427°C– much hotter than an oven. Venus is not the planet nearest the sun, but it is the hottest, because it has thick clouds. These clouds let the sun’s heat in, but do not let it out. The temperature on Venus can be 460°C.

The four inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are made of rock containing many different minerals. The four outer planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are mostly made up of different gases. Jupiter is made mainly of helium, hydrogen, and water. The four outer planets also have rings that encircle them, with Saturn having the most rings.

Other objects in space include the moons of these six planets. A moon is a celestial object (object in space) that orbits another body in space. There are approximately 173 moons throughout the solar system. Earth has a single moon, Mercury and Venus have none, and the planet with the most moons is Jupiter with 63. Not far behind Jupiter is Saturn with 62 moons.Mars has 2 moons named Phobos and Deimos.

Classify the following statements (1-12) as they relate to the given planets. Write the names of the planet next to the statements.

1.    It is the farthest planet from the Sun. ………………..                               

2.    It is the hottest planet. ………………..

3.    It takes the shortest time to orbit the Sun. ………………..

4.    It takes the longest time to go around the Sun. ………………..

5.    The temperature on its surface is about 427°C. ………………..

6.    It has the most rings. ………………..

7.    It has only one moon. ………………..

8.    It has 63 moons. ………………..

9.    It has 62 moons. ………………..

10.  It is located between Venus and Mars. ………………..

11.  It has two moons known as Deimos and Phobos. ………………..

12.  It is made mainly of helium, hydrogen, and water. ………………..

1) Vietnam's population ....80 million in 2004.

A. reduced B. increased C. reached D. rose

2) The air .....the earth is becoming thinner.

A. surrounding B. rounding C. involving D. floating

3) Mercury is the smallest among the planets .....the sun .

A.of B. for C. with D. on

4) ......a kind of everlasting energy,solar energy may be the sollution to our crisis.

A. because B. since C. as D. with

5) students ..... universities may have many difficulties in finding good study method.

A. enter B. entering C. that enter D. who enter

6) Your house has ..... nice furnitủe.

A. such B. such a C. so D. towards

7) He was ....he could not wake up.

A. very tired that B. such tired that C. too tired that D. so tired that

8) I.....my house ........That is why there is all this mess.

A.had - paint B. have - paint C. am having - painted D.had had - paint

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tenses.

34. The four planets closest to the sun – Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars - (be) ____________called the terrestrial planets because they have solid, rocky surfaces.

35. Our grandparents (come)____________ to stay with us next weekend.

36. People (wonder)  ____________ for ages whether we are alone in the universe.

37. This time next week, we (take)___________ an English test.

38. By the end of this year, I (learn) ____________ English for 6 years.

39. By the end of this century, scientists (discover) ___________ intelligent life.

40. Beagle 2 - the first British spaceship to Mars - (look for)_____________signs of aliens this time next month.

41. Astronauts (travel) _____________ to planets outside our solar system by 2050.

42. I expect your English (improve)      __________ a lot by the time you got back from England.

43. NASA (develop)___________ new aircraft to replace space shuttles by the end of this decade.

IV. Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the option A, B, C or D.

        Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system. It's just a little bigger than Earth's moon. It is the closest planet to the sun, but it's actually not the hottest. Venus is hotter.

        Along with Venus, Earth, and Mars, Mercury is one of the rocky planets. It has a solid surface that is covered with craters. It has a thin atmosphere, and it doesn't have any moons. Mercury likes to keep things simple.

        This small planet spins around slowly compared to Earth, so one day lasts a long time. Mercury takes 59 Earth days to make one full rotation. A year on Mercury goes by fast. Because it's the closest planet to the sun, it doesn't take very long to go all the way around. It completes one revolution around the sun in just 88 Earth days. If you lived on Mercury, you'd have a birthday every three month!

        A day on Mercury is not like a day here on Earth. For us, the sun rises and sets each and every day. Because Mercury has a slow spin and short year, it takes a long time for the sun to rise and set there. Mercury only has one sunrise every 180 Earth days! Isn't that weird?

(Source: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov)

1.     What does the passage mainly discuss?

        A. Days on Mercury                                    B. What Mercury is like

        C. Sunrise on Mercury                                                                  D. Length of a year on Mercury

2.     According to the passage, Mercury _____________.

        A. is the nearest to the Sun                         B. doesn't have atmosphere

        C. the hottest planet                                    D. has many moons

3.     The word "It" in paragraph 2 refers to _____________.

        A. Earth                    B. Mercury                C. Venus                   D. Mars

4.     The word "spins" in paragraph 3 can be best replaced by _____________.

        A. comes                   B. arrives                   C. appears                 D. moves

5.     It can be inferred from the passage that a year on Mercury _____________.

        A. has 59 days                                            B. much longer than that on Earth

        C. has 88 days                                             D. has only 180 days

6.     How often does the sunrise on Mercury?

        A. The same as on Earth.                            B. Every 3 months.

        C. Every 180 days.                                      D. Sun never sets.

Mercury is the smallest member of the sun's family. It is only 3.100 miles across. It is also the sun's swiftest planet. Its yearly journey round the sun is only 85 days.

            Mercury always keeps one side towards the sun. On this side it is always day, on the other side always night. We only see the lighted side.

            Mercury appears to us like a yellowish orange star. The nearest planet to the sun, it is always seen near the sun, either just before sunrise or soon after sunset. People sometimes call mercury the morning star or evening star.

           Mercury is half the size of the earth. Because it is much lighter, it has much less gravity. If you can visit Mercury in a spaceship, you will find it a strange world. Its low gravity makes you feel very light. If your weight on earth is 100 pounds, your weight on Mercury is only 27 pounds. Looking at the sun from Mercury, you can see that it's much more brilliant than it is seen from the earth. And the yellow centre of the sun appears three times bigger from Mercury.

           On its lighted side, Mercury's temperature is about 300 degrees centigrate. But the dark side is extremely cold, but 150 degrees below zero so mercury is probably the coldest as well as the hottest of the planets.

21. A. Mercury is .......

     A. the sun's fastest planet                 B. the coldest planet        

     C. the hottest planet                          D. all are correct

22. We cannot see the dark side of Mercury because .......

     A. it moves very fast.             

     B. it always appears just before sunrise or soon after sunset.

     C. it always keeps one side towards the sun.                               

     D. it is too far for us to see.

23. When can we see Mercury? - We can see it ......

     A. just before the sunset     

     B. just before sunrise      

     C. after the sunset   

     D. both A and C are correct

24. Why do we weigh much on the earth than on Mercury? - Because .......

      A. Mercury is nearer to the sun.               B. Mercury has got less gravity than the earth.

      C. Mercury is much hotter.                       D. none are correct.

25. Why does the sun look bigger when it is seen from Mercury?

 - Because .......

       A. Mercury is the smallest planet of the sun.       

       B. Mercury is nearer to the sun.

       C. Mercury is a light planet.                            

       D. It only takes Mercury 88 days to move round the sun.

Làm ơn giúp mình nhé!!