Bài lớp 8 thật hả? :(

\(\frac{a}{a+b+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{c+a+1}\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{4-a}+\frac{b}{4-b}+\frac{c}{4-c}\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)+b\left(4-a\right)\left(4-c\right)+c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)\le\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ac^2+b^2c+abc\le4\) (1)

Ta cần chứng minh (1)

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\le c\le b\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ac^2\le a^2c+abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ac^2+b^2c+abc\le a^2c+abc+b^2c+abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ac^2+b^2c+abc\le c\left(a+b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ac^2+b^2c+abc\le\frac{1}{2}.2c\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(2c+a+b+a+b\right)^3}{27}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ac^2+b^2c+abc\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{8.3^3}{27}=4\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Do biểu thức đề bài và BĐT đều mang tính đối xứng, không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)

Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(b+c-a;c+a-b;a+b-c\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y>0\\z>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta cần chứng minh \(xyz\le1\)

Nếu \(x\le0\) thì \(xyz\le0\Rightarrow xyz< 1\) BĐT hiển nhiên đúng

Nếu \(x>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{y+z}{2}\\b=\frac{x+z}{2}\\c=\frac{x+y}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+y+z=\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{2}{z+x}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{xyz}\left(x+y+z\right)\le\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\le3\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\le3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xyz.3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\le xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\le3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\sqrt[3]{xyz}\le1\Leftrightarrow xyz\le1\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)

Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{a^7+b^7}{a^5+b^5}\ge\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^7+2b^7\ge a^7+b^7+a^5b^2+a^2b^5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^5\left(a^2-b^2\right)-b^5\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\left(a^4+a^3b+a^2b^2+ab^3+b^4\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Tương tự \(\frac{b^7+c^7}{b^5+c^5}\ge\frac{b^2+c^2}{2}\) ; \(\frac{c^7+a^7}{c^5+a^5}\ge\frac{a^2+c^2}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(\frac{a+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b+ac}{c+a}+\frac{c+ab}{a+b}\)

\(=\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ac}{a+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}{a+b}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}{a+b}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cô Si: \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)

Tương tự,cộng theo vế và rút gọn =>đpcm

\(\frac{a+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b+ac}{c+a}+\frac{c+ab}{a+b}\)

\(=\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ac}{a+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}{a+b}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}{a+b}\)

Áp dụng bđt CÔ si

\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)

.............

chỉ cần thuộc các bđt cơ bản là được.

Áp dụng bđt Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức, vì a,b,c dương

\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c=1\)

Áp dụng bđt cô si

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\le3\sqrt[3]{a^2\cdot b^2\cdot c^2}\)

mà \(a^2\cdot b^2\cdot c^2\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)

nên \(a^2+b^2+c^2\le\) 1

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c = 1/3

\(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2b}+\frac{b^4}{b^2c}+\frac{c^4}{c^2a}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\)

Ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+ab^2+b^3+bc^2+a^2c+c^3\ge2a^2b+2b^2c+2ac^2\)

BĐT này hiển nhiên đúng do \(a^3+ab^2\ge2a^2b\) ....

Ai chả có lúc nhầm lẫn :D

Thực hiện phép biến đổi tương đương:

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2+2}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+ab\right)\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\ge2\left(1+a^2+b^2+a^2b^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2+a^3b+ab^3+2ab\ge2+2a^2+2b^2+2a^2b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3b-2a^2b^2+ab^3-a^2+2ab-b^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng do \(ab>1\))

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)

\(K=\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).

Ta có:

\(\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{\left(a^2+c^2\right)-c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\).

Vì \(a,c>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta được:

\(a^2+c^2\ge2ac\).

\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(a^2+c^2\right)\ge2ac^2\).

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{1}{2ac^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{c^2}{2ac^2}=\frac{1}{2a}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge-\frac{1}{2a}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2a}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2a}\left(1\right)\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c>0\) .

Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:

\(\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2b}\left(a,b>0\right)\left(2\right)\) 

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b>0\)

Chứng minh tương tự, ta dược:

\(\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2c}\left(b,c>0\right)\left(3\right)\).

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c>0\).

Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:

\(\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\)\(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2c}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\).

\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\).

\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)\).

Mà \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)(theo đề bài).

Do đó \(K\ge\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3abc}{abc}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{3abc}{2abc}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{3}{2}\).

Dấu bằng xảy ra.

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c>0\\ab+bc+ca=3abc\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).

Vậy \(minK=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).