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PAPER RECYCLING

A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.

B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.

C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.

D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.

E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.

i. Process of paper recycling

ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment

iii. Collection of paper for recycling

iv. Sources of paper for recycling

v. Bad sides of paper recycling

vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper

Your answer:

1. Paragraph A .......................

2. Paragraph B .......................

3. Paragraph C .......................

4. Paragraph D .......................

5. Paragraph E .......................

Giúp mình đc ko mng PAPER RECYCLING

A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.

B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.

C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.

D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.

E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.

i. Preocess of paper recycling

ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment

iii. Collection of paper for recycling

iv. Sources of paper for recycling

v. Bad sides of paper recycling

vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper

Your answer:

1. Paragraph A .......................

2. Paragraph B .......................

3. Paragraph C .......................

4. Paragraph D .......................

5. Paragraph E .......................

I. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the adjective + to-infinitive/ noun clause structures.
1.She was disappointed. She heard about it.
2.He will win the game. I am sure.
3.They passed all the exams. They are lucky.
4.John got Ann’s letter yesterday. He was very surprised.
5.She can’t come. I am afraid.
6.We heard about your father’s illness. We were sorry.
7.I have nothing better to offer you. I’m ashamed.
8.Susan received a lot of birthday presents. She was happy.
9.You wouldn’t come back. I was worried.
10.You are interested in protecting the environment. We are delighted.

II. Read the passage, then answer the questions.
Every day of the year throughout the world, about twenty million paper bags and newspapers are screwed and thrown away.
Making paper requires a lot of wood pulp and the work of million of workers. Many countries have had plans to recycle waste paper to save money and labor. In countries where there is the cooperation of the public, paper mills recycle as much as sixty percent of waste paper. Their simple work is to take away the ink, crush it and make it into pulp again. For every ton of recycled newsprint, twelve trees can be saved. We can insist that the more paper people save, the more trees are preserved.
1.How many paper bags and newspapers are thrown away every day?
2.What material do paper mills need to make paper?
3.What have many countries done to save money and labor in making paper?
4.What percentage of waste paper is recycled with the help of the public?
5.What do the paper mills do to reuse waste paper?
6.How many trees can be saved for every ton of recycled newsprint?


III. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one.
1.We must pay the bill at once. The bill ………………
2.Many people in the world speak English. English ………………..
3.This question is difficult to understand. It’s ……………..
4.I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon. Your bicycle ………………
5.“Don’t throw things away,” Miss Linda said to the students. Miss Linda asked ………………….
6.Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases. Many ……………….
7.Does your country export rice to Britain? Is rice ………………..

8.I was very delighted that I passed the final exams.I was very delighted.......

9.Keeping the environment clean is very important It's......................

10.They will show the time machine to the public when thay finish it The time machine.....................

11.He was delighted to receive his aunt's letter He was delighted that his.......

12.Old car tires are recycled to make shoes and sandals People........

13.I'm very sad that I wasn't accepted in that group I'm very sad not........

Read the passage carefully then answer the questions below:

Every day of the year throughout the world, about twenty million paper bags and newspapers are screwed and thrown away. Making paper requires a lot of wood pulp and the work of millions of workers. Many countries have had plans to recycle waste paper to save money and labor. In countries where there is the cooperation of the public, paper mills recycle as much as sixty percent of waste paper. Their simple work is to take away the ink, crush it up and make it into pulp again. For every ton of recycled newsprint, twelve trees can be saved. We can insist that the more paper people save, the more trees are preserved.

1. How many paper bags and newspapers are thrown away every day?

2. What have many countries done to save money and labor in making paper?

3. What do paper mills do to reuse waste paper?

4. How many trees can be saved for every ton of recycled newsprint?

5. Is recycling waste paper important?

Read the passage, then answer the questions.

Every day of the year throughout the world, about twenty million paper bags and newspapers are screwed and thrown away

Making paper requires a lot of wood pulp and the work of million of workers. Many countries have had plans to recycle waste paper to save money and labor. In countries where there is the cooperation of the public, paper mills recycle as much as sixty percent of waste paper. Their simple work is to take away the ink, crush it and make it into pulp again. For every ton of recycled newsprint, twelve trees can be saved. We can insist that the more paper people save, the more trees are preserved.

l. How many paper bags and newspapers are thrown away every day?

2. What material do paper mills need to make paper?

3. What have many countries done to save money and labor in making paper?

4. What percentage of waste paper is recycled with the help of the public?

5. What do the paper mills do to reuse waste paper?

6. How many trees can be saved for every ton of recycled newsprint?

III. Write the sentences, using the adjective + to –infinitive structure.
1.It/ difficult/ learn/ Japanese.
2.We/ delighted/ get/ your letter/ yesterday.
3.It/ not easy/ answer/ these questions.
4.Your writing/ difficult/ read.
5.I/ surprised/ see/ Tom/ the party/ last night.
6.It/ impossible/ understand/ his theory.
7.They/ ready/ start/ now.
8.It/ interesting/ see/ that film.

IV. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the adjective + to-infinitive/ noun clause structures.
1.She was disappointed. She heard about it.
2.He will win the game. I am sure.
3.They passed all the exams. They are lucky.
4.John got Ann’s letter yesterday. He was very surprised.
5.She can’t come. I am afraid.
6.We heard about your father’s illness. We were sorry.
7.I have nothing better to offer you. I’m ashamed.
8.Susan received a lot of birthday presents. She was happy.
9.You wouldn’t come back. I was worried.
10.You are interested in protecting the environment. We are delighted.

V. Read the passage, then answer the questions.
Every day of the year throughout the world, about twenty million paper bags and newspapers are screwed and thrown away.
Making paper requires a lot of wood pulp and the work of million of workers. Many countries have had plans to recycle waste paper to save money and labor. In countries where there is the cooperation of the public, paper mills recycle as much as sixty percent of waste paper. Their simple work is to take away the ink, crush it and make it into pulp again. For every ton of recycled newsprint, twelve trees can be saved. We can insist that the more paper people save, the more trees are preserved.
1.How many paper bags and newspapers are thrown away every day?
2.What material do paper mills need to make paper?
3.What have many countries done to save money and labor in making paper?
4.What percentage of waste paper is recycled with the help of the public?
5.What do the paper mills do to reuse waste paper?
6.How many trees can be saved for every ton of recycled newsprint?

VI. Choose the suitable words or phrases to fill in the blanks.
1.Milk (brings/ is bring/ is brought/ has brought) to the house by the milkman everyday.
2.We were delighted (getting/ to get/ get/ got) your letter last week.
3.“Would you like to go to the movies tonight?” “I’m sorry, I can’t I (am doing/ do/ will do/ doing) my homework this evening.
4.Milk bottles can be (recycle/ thrown away/ broken/ reused) after being cleaned.
5.This project (is carried out/ carries out/ will carry out/ will be carried out) next month.
6.It’s dangerous (swim/ to swim/ swimming/ swam) in this river.
7.We are looking forward to (seeing/ see/ saw/ be seen) you in June.
8.It’s too cold outside. (Would you like to shut the windows/ Will you shut the windows, please/ Shall I shut the windows/ Can I shut the windows)? – Sure. I’ll do it right now.

VII. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one.
1.We must pay the bill at once. The bill ………………
2.Many people in the world speak English. English ………………..
3.This question is difficult to understand. It’s ……………..
4.I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon. Your bicycle ………………
5.“Don’t throw things away,” Miss Linda said to the students. Miss Linda asked ………………….
6.Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases. Many ……………….
7.Does your country export rice to Britain? Is rice ………………..

8.I was very delighted that I passed the final exams.I was very delighted.......

9.Keeping the environment clean is very important It's......................

10.They will show the time machine to the public when thay finish it The time machine.....................

11.He was delighted to receive his aunt's letter He was delighted that his.......

12.Old car tires are recycled to make shoes and sandals People........

13.I'm very sad that I wasn't accepted in that group I'm very sad not........

CHOOSE THE WORDS THAT NEEDS CORRECTING 1. I expect to meet by my uncle when I arrive at the station. 2. The house painted more than 5 years ago, so I’m going to repaint it. 3. A lot of crops can’t be grew in the mountains because it gets too cold. 4. The telephone was invented with a Scotsman. 5. It’s very difficult for answering that question. 6. The air is polluting by smoke from industrial factories. 7. For every ton of recycled newsprint, nearly ten trees can save. 8. Waste paper and old clothes will collect for our mini project. 9. She is glad that receive her father’s letter. 10. She is lucky that be alive after the accident.

CHOOSE THE WORDS THAT NEEDS CORRECTING 1. I expect to meet by my uncle when I arrive at the station. 2. The house painted more than 5 years ago, so I’m going to repaint it. 3. A lot of crops can’t be grew in the mountains because it gets too cold. 4. The telephone was invented with a Scotsman. 5. It’s very difficult for answering that question. 6. The air is polluting by smoke from industrial factories. 7. For every ton of recycled newsprint, nearly ten trees can save. 8. Waste paper and old clothes will collect for our mini project. 9. She is glad that receive her father’s letter. 10. She is lucky that be alive after the accident.

I. Rewrite the sentences, use the verbs in present Passive form.
1.People can use milk for making butter and cheese.
2.The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses.
3.Careless driving causes many accidents.
4.Weeds cover the river banks.
5.People speak English all over the world.
6.They don’t use the house very often.
7.Do they speak French in this school?
8.They make a lot of beautiful toys from recycled plastic.
9.The workers clean the streets everyday.
10.Do they usually hold the concerts at the university?

II. Change these sentences into the passive voice.
1.Somebody cleans the room everyday.
2.How do people learn English?
3.John will collect me at the airport.
4.Mr. Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly.
5.Your teacher must sign this form.
6.People play football all over the world.
7.Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday.
8.Will you invite her to your birthday party?
9.We can’t wear jeans at work.
10.Do they speak French and English in Canada?

III. Write the sentences, using the adjective + to –infinitive structure.
1.It/ difficult/ learn/ Japanese.
2.We/ delighted/ get/ your letter/ yesterday.
3.It/ not easy/ answer/ these questions.
4.Your writing/ difficult/ read.
5.I/ surprised/ see/ Tom/ the party/ last night.
6.It/ impossible/ understand/ his theory.
7.They/ ready/ start/ now.
8.It/ interesting/ see/ that film.

IV. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the adjective + to-infinitive/ noun clause structures.
1.She was disappointed. She heard about it.
2.He will win the game. I am sure.
3.They passed all the exams. They are lucky.
4.John got Ann’s letter yesterday. He was very surprised.
5.She can’t come. I am afraid.
6.We heard about your father’s illness. We were sorry.
7.I have nothing better to offer you. I’m ashamed.
8.Susan received a lot of birthday presents. She was happy.
9.You wouldn’t come back. I was worried.
10.You are interested in protecting the environment. We are delighted.

V. Read the passage, then answer the questions.
Every day of the year throughout the world, about twenty million paper bags and newspapers are screwed and thrown away.
Making paper requires a lot of wood pulp and the work of million of workers. Many countries have had plans to recycle waste paper to save money and labor. In countries where there is the cooperation of the public, paper mills recycle as much as sixty percent of waste paper. Their simple work is to take away the ink, crush it and make it into pulp again. For every ton of recycled newsprint, twelve trees can be saved. We can insist that the more paper people save, the more trees are preserved.
1.How many paper bags and newspapers are thrown away every day?
2.What material do paper mills need to make paper?
3.What have many countries done to save money and labor in making paper?
4.What percentage of waste paper is recycled with the help of the public?
5.What do the paper mills do to reuse waste paper?
6.How many trees can be saved for every ton of recycled newsprint?

VI. Choose the suitable words or phrases to fill in the blanks.
1.Milk (brings/ is bring/ is brought/ has brought) to the house by the milkman everyday.
2.We were delighted (getting/ to get/ get/ got) your letter last week.
3.“Would you like to go to the movies tonight?” “I’m sorry, I can’t I (am doing/ do/ will do/ doing) my homework this evening.
4.Milk bottles can be (recycle/ thrown away/ broken/ reused) after being cleaned.
5.This project (is carried out/ carries out/ will carry out/ will be carried out) next month.
6.It’s dangerous (swim/ to swim/ swimming/ swam) in this river.
7.We are looking forward to (seeing/ see/ saw/ be seen) you in June.
8.It’s too cold outside. (Would you like to shut the windows/ Will you shut the windows, please/ Shall I shut the windows/ Can I shut the windows)? – Sure. I’ll do it right now.

VII. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one.
1.We must pay the bill at once. The bill ………………
2.Many people in the world speak English. English ………………..
3.This question is difficult to understand. It’s ……………..
4.I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon. Your bicycle ………………
5.“Don’t throw things away,” Miss Linda said to the students. Miss Linda asked ………………….
6.Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases. Many ……………….
7.Does your country export rice to Britain? Is rice ……………….. 8.I was very delighted that I passed the final exams.I was very delighted....... 9.Keeping the environment clean is very important It's...................... 10.They will show the time machine to the public when thay finish it The time machine..................... 11.He was delighted to receive his aunt's letter He was delighted that his....... 12.Old car tires are recycled to make shoes and sandals People........ 13.I'm very sad that I wasn't accepted in that group I'm very sad not........