Bài 1

a) 5x²y - 20xy²

= 5xy(x - 4y)

b) 1 - 8x + 16x² - y²

= (1 - 8x + 16x²) - y²

= (1 - 4x)² - y²

= (1 - 4x - y)(1 - 4x + y)

c) 4x - 4 - x²

= -(x² - 4x + 4)

= -(x - 2)²

d) x³ - 2x² + x - xy²

= x(x² - 2x + 1 - y²)

= x[(x² - 2x+ 1) - y²]

= x[(x - 1)² - y²]

= x(x - 1 - y)(x - 1 + y)

= x(x - y - 1)(x + y - 1)

e) 27 - 3x²

= 3(9 - x²)

= 3(3 - x)(3 + x)

f) 2x² + 4x + 2 - 2y²

= 2(x² + 2x + 1 - y²)

= 2[(x² + 2x + 1) - y²]

= 2[(x + 1)² - y²]

= 2(x + 1 - y)(x + 1 + y)

= 2(x - y + 1)(x + y + 1)

Bài 2:

a: \(x^2\left(x-2023\right)+x-2023=0\)

=>\(\left(x-2023\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+1>=1>0\forall x\)

nên x-2023=0

=>x=2023

b: 

ĐKXĐ: x<>0

\(-x\left(x-4\right)+\left(2x^3-4x^2-9x\right):x=0\)

=>\(-x\left(x-4\right)+2x^2-4x-9=0\)

=>\(-x^2+4x+2x^2-4x-9=0\)

=>\(x^2-9=0\)

=>(x-3)(x+3)=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

c: \(x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)

=>\(\left(x^2+2x\right)-\left(3x+6\right)=0\)

=>\(x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)

=>(x+2)(x-3)=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

d: 3x(x-10)-2x+20=0

=>\(3x\left(x-10\right)-\left(2x-20\right)=0\)

=>\(3x\left(x-10\right)-2\left(x-10\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-10\right)\left(3x-2\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-10=0\\3x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 1:

a: \(5x^2y-20xy^2\)

\(=5xy\cdot x-5xy\cdot4y\)

\(=5xy\left(x-4y\right)\)

b: \(1-8x+16x^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(16x^2-8x+1\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(4x-1\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(4x-1-y\right)\left(4x-1+y\right)\)

c: \(4x-4-x^2\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2\)

d: \(x^3-2x^2+x-xy^2\)

\(=x\left(x^2-2x+1-y^2\right)\)

\(=x\left[\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-y^2\right]\)

\(=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)

\(=x\left(x-1-y\right)\left(x-1+y\right)\)

e: \(27-3x^2\)

\(=3\left(9-x^2\right)\)

\(=3\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)

f: \(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2\right]\)

\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)

\(=2\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)

Bài 2

a) x²(x - 2023) - 2023 + x = 0

x²(x - 2023) - (x - 2023) = 0

(x - 2023)(x² - 1) = 0

x - 2023 = 0 hoặc x² - 1 = 0

*) x - 2023 = 0

x = 2023

*) x² - 1 = 0

x² = 1

x = 1 hoặc x = -1

Vậy x = -1; x = 1; x = 2023

b) -x(x - 4) + (2x³ - 4x² - 9x) : x = 0

-x² + 4x + 2x² - 4x - 9 = 0

x² - 9 = 0

x² = 9

x = 3 hoặc x = -3

Vậy x = 3; x = -3

c) x² + 2x - 3x - 6 = 0

(x² + 2x) - (3x + 6) = 0

x(x + 2) - 3(x + 2) = 0

(x + 2)(x - 3) = 0

x + 2 = 0 hoặc x - 3 = 0

*) x + 2 = 0

x = -2

*) x - 3 = 0

x = 3

Vậy x = -2; x = 3

d) 3x(x - 10) - 2x + 20 = 0

3x(x - 10) - (2x - 20) = 0

3x(x - 10) - 2(x - 10) = 0

(x - 10)(3x - 2) = 0

x - 10 = 0 hoặc 3x - 2 = 0

*) x - 10 = 0

x = 10

*) 3x - 2 = 0

3x = 2

x = 2/3

Vậy x = 2/3; x = 10

\(Q\left(x\right)=-3x^4+4x^3+2x^2+\dfrac{2}{3}-3x-2x^4-4x^3+8x^4+1+3x\)
\(=\left(-3x^4-2x^4+8x^4\right)+\left(4x^3-4x^3\right)+2x^2-\left(3x-3x\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=3x^4+2x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(3x^4+2x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3x^4+2x^2=-\dfrac{5}{3}\)(Vô lí vì \(3x^4\) và \(2x^2\) luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0)
Vậy Q(x) không có nghiệm

Q(x)=3x^4+2x^2+5/3>=5/3>0 với mọi x

=>Q(x) vô nghiệm

`C(x)=`\(5-8x^4+2x^3+x+5x^4+x^2-4x^3\)

`C(x)= (-8x^4+5x^4)+(2x^3-4x^3)+x^2+x+5`

`C(x)= -3x^4-2x^3+x^2+x+5`

`D(x)=`\(\left(3x^5+x^4-4x\right)-\left(4x^3-7+2x^4+3x^5\right)\)

`D(x)= 3x^5+x^4-4x-4x^3+7-2x^4-3x^5`

`D(x)=(3x^5-3x^5)+(x^4-2x^4)-4x^3-4x+7`

`D(x)=-x^4-4x^3-4x+7`

`P(x)=C(x)+D(x)`

`P(x)=( -3x^4-2x^3+x^2+x+5)+(-x^4-4x^3-4x+7)`

`P(x)=-3x^4-2x^3+x^2+x+5-x^4-4x^3-4x+7`

`P(x)=(-3x^4-x^4)+(-2x^3-4x^3)+x^2+(x-4x)+(5+7)`

`P(x)=-4x^4-6x^3+x^2-3x+12`

`Q(x)=C(x)-D(x)`

`Q(x)=( -3x^4-2x^3+x^2+x+5)-(-x^4-4x^3-4x+7)`

`Q(x)=-3x^4-2x^3+x^2+x+5+x^4+4x^3+4x-7`

`Q(x)=(-3x^4+x^4)+(-2x^3+4x^3)+x^2+(x+4x)+(5-7)`

`Q(x)=-2x^4+2x^3+x^2+5x-2`

`F(x)=Q(x)-(-2x^4+2x^3+x^2-12)`

`F(x)=(-2x^4+2x^3+x^2+5x-2)-(-2x^4+2x^3+x^2-12)`

`F(x)=-2x^4+2x^3+x^2+5x-2+2x^4-2x^3-x^2+12`

`F(x)=(-2x^4+2x^4)+(2x^3-2x^3)+(x^2-x^2)+5x+(-2+12)`

`F(x)=5x+10`

Đặt `5x+10=0`

`\Leftrightarrow 5x=0-10`

`\Leftrightarrow 5x=-10`

`\Leftrightarrow x=-10 \div 5`

`\Leftrightarrow x=-2`

Vậy, nghiệm của đa thức là `x=-2.`

a: \(Q\left(x\right)=-3x^4-2x^4+8x^4+4x^3-4x^3+2x^2-3x+3x+\dfrac{5}{3}\)

=3x^4+2x^2+5/3

b: Q(x)=x^2(3x^2+2)+5/3>=5/3>0 với mọi x

=>Q(x) vô nghiệm

Để tìm đa thức B(x), ta cần lấy A(x) trừ đi đa thức 2x^3 - x^2 + 3x + 1

A(x) - (2x^3 - x^2 + 3x + 1) = (-3x^3 + 4x + 5x^3 + x^2 - 8x-2)- (2x^3-x^2 + 3x + 1)

=-3x^3 + 4x + 5x^3 + x^2 - 8x-2- 2x^3 + x^2-3x-1

= 2x^3 + 6x

Vậy đa thức B(x) = -2x^3 - 6x.

c: \(P\left(-1\right)=-3-5-4+2+6+4=0\)

Vậy: x=-1 là nghiệm của P(x)

\(Q\left(-1\right)=4+1+3+2-7+1=4< >0\)

=>x=-1 không là nghiệm của Q(x)

Câu 5:B

Câu 4: C

Câu 3: D

Câu 2: A

Câu 1: A