1, \(\dfrac{a}{b+c+d}=\dfrac{b}{a+c+d}=\dfrac{c}{a+b+d}=\dfrac{d}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Do đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a=b+c+d\left(1\right)\\3b=a+c+d\left(2\right)\\3c=a+b+d\left(3\right)\\3d=a+b+c\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b\right)=a+b+2c+2d\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b\right)=2\left(c+d\right)\Leftrightarrow a+b=c+d\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=1\)

Tương tự cũng có: \(\dfrac{b+c}{a+d}=1;\dfrac{c+d}{a+b}=1;\dfrac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow A=4\)

2, Có \(\dfrac{x^3}{8}=\dfrac{y^3}{64}=\dfrac{z^3}{216}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{36}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4+16+36}=\dfrac{14}{56}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Do đó \(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{z^2}{36}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\y^2=4\\z^2=9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\y=\pm2\\z=\pm3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;2;3\right),\left(-1;-2;-3\right)\)

Bài 2 :

a, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x^3}{8}=\dfrac{y^3}{64}=\dfrac{z^3}{216}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{36}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4+16+36}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\y^2=4\\z^2=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\y=\pm2\\z=\pm3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{2x+1}{5}=\dfrac{3y-2}{7}=\dfrac{2x+3y-1}{5+7}=\dfrac{2x+3y-1}{6x}\)

\(\Rightarrow6x=12\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2\)

\(\Rightarrow y=3\)

Vậy ...

áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{a+b}{3}=\frac{b+c}{5}=\frac{c+a}{10}=\frac{a+b-b-c-c-a}{-12}=\frac{c}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{3}=\frac{c}{6}\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right).6=3c\Rightarrow6a+6b=3c\Rightarrow3a+3b=c\Rightarrow a+b=\frac{c}{3}\)

\(\frac{b+c}{5}=\frac{c}{6}\Rightarrow6b+6c=5c\Rightarrow6b=-c\Rightarrow b=\frac{-c}{6}\)

\(\frac{c+a}{10}=\frac{c}{6}\Rightarrow6c+6a=10c\Rightarrow6a=4c\Rightarrow3a=2c\Rightarrow a=\frac{2c}{3}\)

thay vào M ta có:

\(\frac{22c}{3}+\frac{-20c}{6}-c+2017=4c-c+2017=3c+2017\)

p/s: ko chắc :))

1) Ta có : \(\frac{2016a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2016b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2016c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2016d}{d}\)

Trừ 4 vế với 2015 ta được : \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)

Nếu a + b + c + d = 0

=> a + b = -(c + d)

=> b + c = (-a + d) 

=> c + d = -(a + b)

=> d + a = (-b + c)

Khi đó M = (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = - 4

Nếu a + b + c + d\(\ne0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{d}\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)

Khi đó M = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4

2) a) Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x+2013\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left(3x-7\right)^{2004}\ge0\forall y\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left|x+2013\right|+\left(3x-7\right)^{2014}\ge0}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2013=0\\3y-7=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2013\\y=\frac{7}{3}\end{cases}}}\)

b) 7^2x + 7^{2x + 3} = 344

=> 7^2x + 7^2x.7³ = 344

=> 7^2x.(1 + 7³) = 344

=> 7^2x  = 1

=> 7^2x = 7⁰

=> 2x = 0 => x = 0

c) Ta có :

 \(\frac{7}{2x+2}=\frac{3}{2y-4}=\frac{5}{x+4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{7}{2x+2}=\frac{3}{2y-4}=\frac{10}{2x+8}=\frac{7-10}{2x+2-2x-8}=\frac{1}{2}\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)

=>  2x + 2 = 14 => x = 6 ; 

2y - 4 = 6 => y = 5 ; 

6 + 5 + z = 17 => z = 6 

Vậy x = 6 ; y = 5 ; z = 6

3) a) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=\frac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}=\frac{a+b+c-a+b-c}{a+b-c-a+b+c}=\frac{2b}{2b}=1\)(dãy ti số bằng nhau) 

=> a + b + c = a + b - c => a + b + c - a - b + c = 0 => 2c = 0 => c = 0;  

Lại có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}-1=\frac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}-1\Leftrightarrow\frac{2c}{a+b-c}=\frac{2c}{a-b-c}\Rightarrow a+b-c=a-b-c\) => b = 0 

Vậy c = 0 hoặc b = 0

c) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{c+a+b}=2\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau) 

=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{cases}}\)

Khi đó P = \(\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\frac{b+c}{b}.\frac{c+a}{c}=\frac{a+b}{a}=\frac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}=8\)

Vậy P = 8

2. b) \(7^{2x}+7^{2x+3}=344\)

        \(7^{2x}\cdot\left(1+7^3\right)=344\)

        \(7^{2x}\cdot\left(1+343\right)=344\)

        \(7^{2x}\cdot344=344\)

               \(7^{2x}=1\)  

               \(7^{2x}=7^0\)

              \(2x=0\)

               \(x=0\)

a) Với \(\frac{m}{n} = \frac{{ - 5}}{6}\), giá trị của biểu thức là:

\(\begin{array}{l}A = \frac{{ - 2}}{3} - \left( {\frac{{ - 5}}{6} + \frac{{ - 5}}{2}} \right).\frac{{ - 5}}{8}\\A = \frac{{ - 2}}{3} - \frac{{-20}}{6}.\frac{{ - 5}}{8}\\A = \frac{{ - 2}}{3} - \frac{{ 25}}{{12}}\\A = \frac{{ - 33}}{{12}}\end{array}\)

b) Với \(\frac{m}{n} = \frac{5}{2}\) , giá trị của biểu thức là:

\(\begin{array}{l}A = \frac{{ - 2}}{3} - \left( {\frac{5}{2} + \frac{{ - 5}}{2}} \right).\frac{{ - 5}}{8}\\A = \frac{{ - 2}}{3} - 0.\frac{{ - 5}}{8} = \frac{{ - 2}}{3}\end{array}\)

c) Với \(\frac{m}{n} = \frac{2}{{ - 5}}\) , giá trị của biểu thức là:

\(\begin{array}{l}A = \frac{-2}{3} - \left( {\frac{2}{{ - 5}} + \frac{{ - 5}}{2}} \right).\frac{{ - 5}}{8}\\A = \frac{-2}{3} - \left( {\frac{{ - 4}}{{10}} + \frac{{ - 25}}{{10}}} \right).\frac{{ - 5}}{8}\\A = \frac{-2}{3} - \frac{{ - 29}}{{10}}.\frac{{ - 5}}{8}\\A = \frac{-2}{3} - \frac{{29}}{{16}}\\A = \frac{{-32}}{{48}} - \frac{{87}}{{48}}\\A = \frac{{ - 119}}{{48}}\end{array}\).

b phan d

Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ só bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d+a}=1\)

=> a=b=c=d

=> M=1+1+1+1=4

Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{a+c+d}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\frac{d}{a+b+c}\left(ĐK:a+b+c+d\ne0\right)\)

Cộng 1 và mỗi đẳng thức. Ta có:

\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}+1=\frac{b}{a+c+d}+1=\frac{c}{a+b+d}+1=\frac{d}{a+b+c}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c}\)

Vì các tử số của mỗi tỉ số bằng nhau suy ra các mẫu số của mỗi tỉ số bằng nhau

 + Suy ra: \(b+c+d=a+c+d=a+b+d=a+b+c\)

=> a = b = c = d

\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{a+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M=1+1+1+1=4\)

Xét a+b+c+d=0=>a+b=-(c+d) ;b+c=-(a+d); c+d=-(a+b);d+a=-(a+c)

=>M=a+b/c+d+b+c/a+d+c+d/a+b+d+a/b+c=-1+(-1)+(-1)+(-1)=-4(*)

Xét a+b+c+d khác 0=>a=b=c=d

=>M=a+b/c+d+b+c/a+d+c+d/a+b+d+a/b+c=1+1+1+1=4

Lời giải:

Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k$

$\Rightarrow a=bk; b=ck; c=dk$

$\Rightarrow a=bk=ck.k=dk.k.k=dk^3; b=ck=dk.k=dk^2$

Khi đó:

$M=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{(a+b+c)^2}=\frac{(dk^3)^2+(dk^2)^2+(dk)^2}{(dk^3+dk^2+dk)^2}$

$=\frac{d^2(k^6+k^4+k^2)}{d^2(k^3+k^2+k)^2}$

$=\frac{k^6+k^4+k^2}{(k^3+k^2+k)^2}=\frac{k^2(k^4+k^2+1)}{k^2(k^2+k+1)^2}$

$=\frac{k^4+k^2+1}{(k^2+k+1)^2}$