Ap dung BDT Bun-hia-cop-xki ta co

\(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{1+1+1}.\sqrt{4\left(a+b+c\right)+3}=\sqrt{3.7}=\sqrt{21}\)

Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Đề bài thiếu, chắc chắn phải có thêm 1 dữ kiện khác

Ví dụ, bạn cho \(a=b=c=1000\) sẽ thấy BĐT sai

áp dụng bất đẳng thức: (a+b+c)^2<=3(a^2+b^2+c^2): 
[√(4a+1)+√(4b+1)+√(4c+1)]^2 
<= 3[4(a+b+c)+3]=21<25 
=>√(4a+1)+√(4b+1)+√(4c+1)<5

cosi : \(\sqrt{4a+1}\)\(\sqrt{1}\)<\(\frac{4a+1+1}{2}\)= 2a + 1. tương tự  \(\sqrt{4b+1}\)\(\sqrt{1}\)<\(\frac{4b+1+1}{2}\)= 2b + 1;  \(\sqrt{4c+1}\)\(\sqrt{1}\)<\(\frac{4c+1+1}{2}\)= 2c + 1. Nên VT < 2(a+b+c) +3 = 5. Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c = 1/3

Bài 1:

Đặt \(a^2=x;b^2=y;c^2=z\)

Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\le\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)

Áp dụng BĐT cô si ta có:

\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]\)

Tương tự với \(\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}\)và \(\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\)

Cộng lại ta được:

\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\left[\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right]+\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)

Sau đó bình phương hai vế rồi

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge8xyz\)đẳng thức đúng

Vậy...

Bài 2:

Trước hết ta chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau:

\(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{1}{3}\)

Nhân cả hai vế bđt với 4(a+b+c)4(a+b+c) rồi thu gọn ta được bđt sau: 

\(\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}\)\(\le\frac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\left[\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+}-a\right]+\left[\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}-b\right]+\left[\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}-c\right]\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)

\(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{ab}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{bc}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)

Áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}=\frac{ca}{\left(2b+c\right)+2\left(2a+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ca}{9}\left(\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{2}{2a+b}\right)\)

Từ đó ta có:

\(\text{∑}\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\text{∑}\left(\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ab}{2b+c}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)

Đặt VT=A rồi áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz cho VT ta có 

\(T^2\le3\left(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\right)\)\(\le3\cdot\frac{1}{3}=1\Leftrightarrow T\le1\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c 

c bạn tự làm nhé mình mệt rồi :D

- Ôi má ơi, má patient dử dậy :)

Ta có

\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4a+1}\le\frac{4a+3}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4b+1}\le\frac{4b+3}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4c+1}\le\frac{4c+3}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4d+1}\le\frac{4d+3}{2}\)

Cộng vế theo vế ta được

\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}+\sqrt{4d+1}\right)\)

\(\le8\)

<=> \(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\sqrt{4d+1}\le4\sqrt{2}\)

\(A\le\frac{1}{27}\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\right)^3\)

Mặt khác :

\(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{3\left[4\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right]}\)

\(=3\sqrt{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{27}\left(3\sqrt{5}\right)^3=5\sqrt{5}\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

hay

Thôi giải lại câu 1:v (ý tưởng dồn biến là quá trâu bò! Bên AoPS em mới phát hiện ra có một cách bằng Cauchy-Schwarz quá hay!)

\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{9}{2}\)(*)

BĐT này đúng theo Cauchy-Schwarz: \(VT_{\text{(*)}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^2}{2a^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Equality holds when a = b = c = 1 (Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b =c = 1)

1/Đặt \(VT=f\left(a;b;c\right)\) và \(0< t=\frac{a+b}{2}\)

Ta có: \(f\left(a;b;c\right)-f\left(t;t;c\right)=\frac{1}{4a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{4b^2+a^2+c^2}-\frac{2}{5t^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+4c^2}-\frac{1}{2t^2+4c^2}\)

\(=\frac{5t^2-4a^2-b^2}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{5t^2-4b^2-a^2}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{2t^2-a^2-b^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+4c^2\right)\left(2t^2+4c^2\right)}\)

\(=-\frac{1}{4}\left(a-b\right)\left[\frac{\left(11a+b\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{\left(a+11b\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}\right]+\frac{2t^2-a^2-b^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+4c^2\right)\left(2t^2+4c^2\right)}\)

Xét cái ngoặc to: \(\frac{\left(11a+b\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{\left(a+11b\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(11a+b\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)-\left(a+11b\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(7a^2-36ab+7b^2+10c^2\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}\)

Từ đó: f(a;b;c) -f(t;t;c)

\(=-\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\left(7a^2-36ab+7b^2+10c^2\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{-\frac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+4c^2\right)\left(2t^2+4c^2\right)}\)

\(=-\frac{1}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\left[\frac{\left(7a^2-36ab+7b^2+10c^2\right)}{\left(5t^2+c^2\right)\left(4a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(4b^2+a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a^2+b^2+4c^2\right)\left(2t^2+4c^2\right)}\right]\le0\)

Do đó \(f\left(a;b;c\right)\le f\left(t;t;c\right)=f\left(t;t;3-2t\right)\)

\(=\frac{-9\left(t-1\right)^4}{2\left(3t^2-8t+6\right)\left(3t^2-4t+3\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:

\(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(4a+1+4b+1+4c+1\right)}\) \(=\sqrt{3.\left(4.3+3\right)}=\sqrt{3.15}=3\sqrt{5}\)

\(\text{Dấu ''='' xảy ra }\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)