Rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2+3x-3y}{x^2y-xy^2-x+y}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^2+7x+10}\)
Rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{5x}{10}\)
b)\(\dfrac{4xy}{2y}\) (y≠0)
c)\(\dfrac{5x-5y}{3x-3y}\) (x≠y)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}\)(chưa có điều kiện xác định)
e) \(\dfrac{x^3-x^2+x-1}{x^2-1}\)(chưa có điều kiện xác định)
f) \(\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{2x+4}\)(chưa có điều kiện xác định)
a) \(\dfrac{5x}{10}=\dfrac{x}{2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4xy}{2y}=2x\left(y\ne0\right)\)
c) \(\dfrac{5x-5y}{3x-3y}=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(x\ne y\right)\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}=x-y\left(đk:x\ne-y\right)\)
e) \(\dfrac{x^3-x^2+x-1}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x^2+1}{x+1}\left(đk:x\ne\pm1\right)\)
f) \(\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{2x+4}=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\left(đk:x\ne-2\right)\)
Câu 2 Rút gọn các phân thức sau::(2 điểm )
a/ \(\dfrac{21x^2y^3}{24x^3y^2}\) b/ \(\dfrac{15xy^3\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{20x^2y\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(a,\dfrac{21x^2y^3}{24x^3y^2}=\dfrac{7y}{8x}\)
\(b,\dfrac{15xy^3\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{20x^2y\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{15xy^3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{20x^2y\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{3y^2\left(x-y\right)}{4x\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{3xy^2-3y^3}{4x^2+4xy}\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{21x^2y^3}{24x^3y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{21x^2y^3:3x^2y^2}{24x^3y^2:3x^2y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{7y}{8x}\)
Cho tỉ lệ thức \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\). Tính giá trị của các biểu thức sau:
\(A=\dfrac{x+5y}{3x-2y}-\dfrac{2x-3y}{4x+5y}\)
\(B=\dfrac{2x^2-xy+3y^2}{3x^2+2xy+y^2}\)
Lời giải:
$\frac{x}{y}=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow \frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}$. Đặt $\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=k$ thì:
$x=2k; y=3k$
Khi đó: $3x-2y=3.2k-3.2k=0$. Mẫu số không thể bằng $0$ nên $A$ không xác định. Bạn xem lại.
$B=\frac{2(2k)^2-2k.3k+3(3k)^2}{3(2k)^2+2.2k.3k+(3k)^2}=\frac{29k^2}{33k^2}=\frac{29}{33}$
Cho tỉ lệ thức : \(\dfrac{x}{y}\) = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\). Tính giá trị của các biểu thức :
A = \(\dfrac{3x+5y}{7x-2y}\)
B = \(\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
Rút gọn phân thức:
\(a,\dfrac{x^2-x-6}{x^2+7x+10}\)
\(b,\dfrac{x^2+3xy+2y^2}{x^3+2x^2y-xy^2-2y^3}\)
\(\frac{x^2-x-6}{x^2+7x+10}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-3x+2x-6}{x^2+5x+2x+10}=\frac{x.\left(x-3\right)+2.\left(x-3\right)}{x.\left(x+5\right)+2.\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2\right).\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+2\right).\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{x-3}{x+5}\)
1.tìm điều kiện xác định của các bt sau
a,5x^2y/x+4 b,3x-2y/2x-1 c,5x^2/x(y-3) d,4x^3y/x^2-4y^2 e,2x+1/(5-x)(y+2)
2.rút gọn các phân thức
a,-12x^3y^2/-20x^2y^2 b,x^2+xy-x-y/x^2-xy-x+y c,7x^2-7xy/y^2-x^2 d,7x^2+14x+7/3x^2+3x e,3y-2-3xy+2x/1-3x-x^3+3x^2
f,x^10-x^8+x^6-x^4+x^2+1/x^4-1 g,x^2+7x+12/x^2+5x+6
Bài 1:
a: ĐKXĐ: \(x+4\ne0\)
=>\(x\ne-4\)
b: ĐKXĐ: \(2x-1\ne0\)
=>\(2x\ne1\)
=>\(x\ne\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c: ĐKXĐ: \(x\left(y-3\right)\ne0\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne0\\y-3\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne0\\y\ne3\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-4y^2\ne0\)
=>\(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\ne0\)
=>\(x\ne\pm2y\)
e: ĐKXĐ: \(\left(5-x\right)\left(y+2\right)\ne0\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne5\\y\ne-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
a: \(\dfrac{-12x^3y^2}{-20x^2y^2}=\dfrac{12x^3y^2}{20x^2y^2}=\dfrac{12x^3y^2:4x^2y^2}{20x^2y^2:4x^2y^2}=\dfrac{3x}{5}\)
b: \(\dfrac{x^2+xy-x-y}{x^2-xy-x+y}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+xy\right)-\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x^2-xy\right)-\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)}{x\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{x-y}\)
c: \(\dfrac{7x^2-7xy}{y^2-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{7x\left(x-y\right)}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-7x\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{-7x}{x+y}\)
d: \(\dfrac{7x^2+14x+7}{3x^2+3x}\)
\(=\dfrac{7\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{3x\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{7\left(x+1\right)^2}{3x\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{7\left(x+1\right)}{3x}\)
e: \(\dfrac{3y-2-3xy+2x}{1-3x-x^3+3x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3y-2-x\left(3y-2\right)}{1-3x+3x^2-x^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(3y-2\right)\left(1-x\right)}{\left(1-x\right)^3}=\dfrac{3y-2}{\left(1-x\right)^2}\)
g: \(\dfrac{x^2+7x+12}{x^2+5x+6}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+4}{x+2}\)
Rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{6x^2y^2}{8xy^{ }5}\)
b) \(\dfrac{10xy^2\left(x+y\right)}{15xy\left(x+y\right)^3}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2x^2+2x
}{x+1}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2-xy-x+y}{x^2+xy-x-y}\)
e) \(\dfrac{36\left(x-2\right)^3}{32-16x}\)
a) \(\dfrac{6x^2y^2}{8xy^5}=\dfrac{3x}{4y^3}\)
b) \(=\dfrac{2y}{3\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{2y}{3x^2+6xy+3y^2}\)
c) \(=\dfrac{2x\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}=2x\)
d) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x-y}{x+y}\)
e) \(=\dfrac{36\left(x-2\right)^3}{-16\left(x-2\right)}=-9\left(x-2\right)^2=-9x^2+36x-36\)
Rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a. \(\dfrac{x^3-3x^2-x+3}{x^3-3x}\)
b. \(\dfrac{x^3y+xy^3+xy}{x^3+y^3+x^2y+xy^2+x+y}\)
c. \(\dfrac{\left(3x+2\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)^2}{x^3-x^2}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x^3-3x^2-x+3}{x^2-3x}=\dfrac{x^2\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-1}{x}\)
\(b,\dfrac{x^3y+xy^3+xy}{x^3+y^3+x^2y+xy^2+x+y}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)}{\left(x^3+xy^2+x\right)+\left(y^3+x^2y+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)}{x\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)+y\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy}{x+y}\)
\(c,\dfrac{\left(3x+2\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)^2}{x^3-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(3x+2-x-2\right)\left(3x+2+x+2\right)}{x\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x.\left(4x+4\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{8}{x-1}\)
Cho biểu thức B= (\(\dfrac{x-y}{2y-x}\)-\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{x^2-xy-2y^2}\)) : \(\dfrac{4x^4+4x^2y+y^2-4}{x^2+y+xy+x}\)
a) Với giá trị nào của x,y thì BT được xác định
b) Rút gọn BT
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne2y,x\ne-y;x\ne-1\)
b) \(B=\left(\dfrac{x-y}{2y-x}-\dfrac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{x^2-xy-2y^2}\right):\dfrac{4x^4+4x^2y+y^2-4}{x^2+y+xy+x}\)
\(B=\left[\dfrac{y-x}{x-2y}-\dfrac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\right]:\dfrac{4x^4+4x^2y+y^2-4}{x\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(B=\left[\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\right]:\dfrac{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(B=\dfrac{y^2-x^2-x^2-y^2-y+2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}:\dfrac{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(B=\dfrac{-2x^2-y+2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}\)
\(B=\dfrac{-\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}\)
\(B=\dfrac{-\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(2x^2+y+2\right)}\)