\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=5k\\z=7k\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=\dfrac{x-y+z}{x+2y-z}=\dfrac{2k-5k+7k}{2k+10k-7k}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{4}=\dfrac{x+2y-z}{5}\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

Lời giải:
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{y-z}+\frac{1}{z-x}+\frac{1}{x-y}\right)-\frac{x}{(y-z)(z-x)}-\frac{x}{(y-z)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(z-x)}\)

\(=0-\frac{x(x-y)+x(z-x)+y(y-z)+y(x-y)+z(z-x)+z(y-z)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}\)

\(=0-\frac{x^2+xz+y^2+xy+z^2+zy-(xy+x^2+yz+y^2+zx+z^2)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0-\frac{0}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0\)

TH1: \(x+y+z+t\ne0\) 

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{y}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{z}{t+x+y}=\dfrac{t}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{3\left(x+y+z+t\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3x=y+z+t\Rightarrow4x=x+y+z+t\\ \dfrac{y}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3y=x+z+t\Rightarrow4y=x+y+z+t\\ \dfrac{z}{t+x+y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3z=x+y+t\Rightarrow4z=x+y+z+t\\ \dfrac{t}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3t=x+y+z\Rightarrow4t=x+y+z+t\)
\(\Rightarrow4x=4y=4z=4t\\ \Rightarrow x=y=z=t\)

\(P=\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}+\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}+\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}+\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\\ =1+1+1+1\\ =4\)

TH1: \(x+y+z+t=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\left(z+t\right)\\y+z=-\left(x+t\right)\\z+t=-\left(x+y\right)\\t+x=-\left(y+z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}+\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}+\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}+\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\\ =\dfrac{-\left(z+t\right)}{z+t}+\dfrac{-\left(t+x\right)}{t+x}+\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}+\dfrac{-\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}\\ =-1-1-1-1\\ =-4\)

Tham khảo: https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-bieu-thuc-pdfracxyztdfracyztxdfracztxydfractxyz-tinh-gia-tri-bieu-thuc-p-biet-dfracxyztdfracyzt.3023321885549

Bạn lưu ý không đăng lặp bài gây loãng box toán.

Lời giải:
Nếu $x+y+z+t=0$ thì:

$P=\frac{-(z+t)}{z+t}+\frac{-(t+x)}{t+x}+\frac{-(x+y)}{x+y}+\frac{-(y+z)}{y+z}$

$=-1+(-1)+(-1)+(-1)=-4$

Nếu $x+y+z+t\neq 0$ thì áp dụng TCDTSBN:

$\frac{x}{y+z+t}=\frac{y}{z+t+x}=\frac{z}{t+x+y}=\frac{t}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z+t}{3(x+y+z+t)}=\frac{1}{3}$

$\Rightarrow 3x=y+z+t; 3y=z+t+x; 3z=t+x+y; 3t=x+y+z$

$\Rightarrow x=y=z=t$

$\Rightarrow P=1+1+1+1=4$

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\)

A=\(xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)=xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}-\dfrac{3}{xyz}+\dfrac{3}{xyz}\right)=xyz.\dfrac{3}{xyz}=3\)

bạn tự chứng minh \(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}-\dfrac{3}{xyz}=0\) nha

đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x}=a;\dfrac{1}{y}=b;\dfrac{1}{z}=c\)

bài toán thành \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\) nha

\(\dfrac{x}{-4}=\dfrac{y}{-7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4k\\y=-7k\\z=3k\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{-2\left(-4k\right)-7k+5.3k}{2.\left(-4k\right)-3.\left(-7k\right)-6.3k}=\dfrac{16k}{-5k}=-\dfrac{16}{5}\)