a) Gọi số mol Fe, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 56a + 24b = 1,04 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

             a--->2a-------------->a

            Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

              b---->2b------------->b

=> a + b = 0,03 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,01 (mol); b = 0,02 (mol)

m_Fe = 0,01.56 = 0,56 (g)

m_Mg = 0,02.24 = 0,48 (g)

b) n_{HCl(lý thuyết)} = 2a + 2b = 0,06 (mol)

=> \(n_{HCl\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,06.110}{100}=0,066\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{dd.HCl\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,066}{0,1}=0,66\left(l\right)\)

a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

a--->2a------------------>a

2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

b---->3b-------------------->1,5b

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+1,5b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.2+0,2.3\right).36,5}{300}.100\%=12,167\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) 
gọi nFe : a , nAl: b (a,b>0)  => 56a + 27b = 16,6 (g) 
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
           a                                     a
         \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\) 
           b                                     \(\dfrac{3b}{2}\)
          
=> \(a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\) 
ta có hệ pt 
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\) 
=> a= 0,2 , b = 0,2 
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=16,6-11,2=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) 
           0,2     0,4 
        \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) 
           0,2    0,6 
=> \(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,6\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\) 
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{200}.100\%=18,25\%\)

\(Mg\left(x\right)+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\left(x\right)\)

\(2Al\left(y\right)+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1,5y\right)\)

\(Fe\left(z\right)+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(z\right)\)

\(Mg\left(x\right)+Cl_2\left(x\right)\rightarrow MgCl_2\)

\(2Al\left(y\right)+3Cl_2\left(1,5y\right)\rightarrow2AlCl_3\)

\(2Fe\left(z\right)+3Cl_2\left(1,5z\right)\rightarrow2FeCl_3\)

Gọi số mol của Mg, Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp lần lược là x, y, z ta có

\(24x+27y+56z=26,05\left(1\right)\)

Số mol H₂: \(\frac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\)

\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y+z=0,6\left(2\right)\)

Số mol Cl₂ là: \(\frac{17,36}{22,4}=0,775\)

\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y+1,5z=0,775\left(3\right)\)

Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có hệ: \(\left\{\begin{matrix}24x+27y+56z=26,05\\x+1,5y+z=0,6\\x+1,5y+1,5z=0,775\end{matrix}\right.\)

M ra đáp số âm không biết có phải do đề sai không

Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2

x-----2x-----------------x

Mg+2Hcl->MgCl2+h2

y-------2y----------------y

a)

ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=10,2\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=0,05625 , y=0,29375

=>m Fe=0,05625.56=3,15g

=>m Mg=7,05g

=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,05625.2+0,29375.2}{0,1}\)=7l=7000ml

Ta có:

  \(n_{CO_2}=\frac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)    \(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0.05\times44=2.2\left(g\right)\)

  \(X_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2XCl+H_2O+CO_2\)

   \(YCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow YCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)

Ta thấy

            \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=2\times0.05=0.1\left(mol\right)\)    

             \(\Rightarrow\)    \(m_{HCl}=0.1\times36.5=3.65\left(g\right)\)

            \(n_{H_2O}=n_{CO_2}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)

             \(\Rightarrow\)    \(m_{H_2O}=0.05\times18=0.9\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta được:

  \(m_{XCl+YCl_2}=\left(5.95+3.65\right)-\left(2.2+0.9\right)=9.6-3.1=6.5\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

               2a_____4a______2a____2a      (mol)

            \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

               a_____2a______a_____a      (mol)

            \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                b______3b______b______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b    (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\\24\cdot2a+56a+27b=15,8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{15,8}\cdot100\%=35,44\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{15,8}=34,18\%\\\%m_{Mg}=30,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo các PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{200}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)