Dấu hiệu nhận biết

YesterdayLast (night, week…)Khoảng thời gian + agoThời gian trong quá khứ. Ví dụ: 2 weeks ago; In 1945

Cách sử dụng

1. Diễn tả 1 hành động, sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, không liên quan đến hiện tại và tương lai.

He worked at McDonald’s.

2. Sử dụng trong câu điều kiện If, đưa ra giả thuyết và câu mong ước.  Ví dụ:

He could get a new job if he really tried.I would always help someone who really needed help.I wish it wasn’t so cold.

3. Có thể sử dụng quá khứ đơn ở hiện tại khi muốn thể hiện sự lịch thiệp.

I just hoped you would be able to help me.

Quy tắc cấu tạo V-ed (Chỉ áp dụng với động từ có quy tắc)

Thông thường => động từ+ ED (ví dụ: want => wanted)Kết thúc bằng E => động từ + D (ví dụ: => d)Kết thúc bằng phụ âm + Y => đổi thành I + ED (ví dụ: fly => flied)Kết thúc bằng nguyên âm + Y => động từ + ED (ví dụ: play => played)Động từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm, trước nó là 1 nguyên âm => nhân đôi phụ âm cuối và + ED (ví dụ: refer => referred) Động từ 2 âm tiết, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm, trước nó là 1 nguyên âm => nhân đôi phụ âm cuối và + ED (ví dụ: prefer => preferred)

Chú ý:

Visit => VisitedListen => ListenedOpen => OpenedEnter => Entered

Thì quá khứ đơn (Past simple) dùng để diễn tả hành động sự vật đã xảy ra trong quá khứ hoặc vừa mới kết thúc.

Ví dụ: 

We went shopping yesterday. He didn’t come to school last week.

Các công thức:

Khẳng định (+):

- Tobe: S + was / were + O.

ex: My computer was broken today

- Verb: S + V-ed / V_{Bất Q.tắc}  + O

ex: I went to sleep at 11 pm last night

Phủ định (-):

- Tobe: S + was/were not + Object/Adj

ex: She wasn’t very happy last night because of having lost money. 

- Verb: S + did not + V (nguyên thể)

ex: He didn’t play football last Sunday. 

Nghi vấn:

Was/Were+ S + Object/Adj?

 Yes, S + was / were.

– No, S + wasn’t / weren't

ex: Was she tired of hearing her customer’s complaint yesterday?

- Yes, she was

- No, she wasn't

Cách dùng: Dùng để tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ

Hãy viết công thức của thì quá khứ đơn: S+V-ed+...

quá khứ tiếp diễn: S+ was/were+V-ing+... nhé

Refer:

- Thì quá khứ đơn: 

(+)S+V(ed)
(-) S+didnot+V(nguyên)
(?) Did + S + V(nguyên)
- Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn: 

(+) S + was/were + V-ing (+ O)

(-) S + was/were + not + V-ing (+ O)
(?) (Từ để hỏi) + was/were + S + V-ing (+ O)?

Past Simple:

To be:  S + Was / Were + Adj / Noun

Verbs:  S+V-ed

Past Continuous:

S+Was/Were+V-ing

1. Last week we drove through the Alps into Switzerland.

2. At 8p.m yesterday, we were watching a film

3. Did you see the football match yesterday?

4. James broke his arm when he was playing rugby.

5. Kylie made her first film when she was 21.

6. Mrs Jones didn't know how to open the attachment in her email.

7. What was your father doing when the alarm sounded?

8. When we left school yesterday, it was pouring with rain.

9. They were walking through the forest when the storm started.

10. I wasn't queuing for the bus when the accident happened.

1. drove

2. were watching

3. Did you see

4. was playing

5. made

6. didn't know

7. was your father doing 

8. left

9. were walking

10. wasn't queuing 

E. In pairs, make sentences about a past vacation. Change the verbs into the simple past.

(Thực hành theo cặp, hãy viết câu về một kỳ nghỉ trong quá khứ. Thay đổi các động từ dùng thì quá khứ đơn.)

1. Last summer, / my family / go on / vacation. Last summer, my family went on vacation.

2. We / drive / all day. ____We drove all day___________________________________

3. In the evening, / we / arrive / at the campsite. ___________________In the evening, we arrived at the campsite____________________

4. Every day, / I / swim / in a lake / and / walk / in the forest. ________________Every day, I swam in a lake and walked in the forest_______________________

5. One day, / we / take / a tour of an old city. _________________One day, we took a tour of an old city______________________

6. We / be / very happy. ______We were very happy_________________________________

7. It / be / an amazing trip. ______It was an amazing trip_________________________________

Exercise 4: Past Perfect Continuous or Past Simple? Chia

động từ ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ

đơn. Chú ý thì của hai động từ trong một câu là khác nhau.

1. I (wait)________HAD BEEN WAITING____________ for hours so I was really glad when the bus finally (arrive)_____ARRIVED_______________.

2. Why (be)_________WAS___________ the baby's face so dirty? He (eat)___________ATE_________ chocolate.

3. I (see)_______SAW_____________ John yesterday, but he (run)________HAD BEEN RUNNING____________ so he was too tired to chat.

4. It (rain)_____HAD BEEN RAINING_______________ and the pavement (be)______WAS______________ covered with puddles.

5. When I (arrive)______ARRIVED______________ it was clear she (work)_______HAD BEEN WORKING_____________. There were papers all over the floor and books everywhere.

6. They (study)_______HAD  BEEN STUDYING_____________ all day so when we (meet)________MET____________ they were exhausted.

7. The boss (talk)_______HAD BEEN TALKING_____________ to clients on Skype for hours so she (want)____WANTED________________ a break.

8. I (drink)__________HAD BEEN DRINKING__________ coffee all morning. By lunchtime, I

(feel)________FELT____________ really strange!

9. Lucy (hope)_____HOPED_______________ for a new car, so she was really pleased when she (get)_______GOT_____________ one.

10. I (dream)__________DREAMT__________ about a holiday in Greece. I couldn't believe it when my husband (book)_____BOOKED_______________ one as a surprise!

Tham khảp

1. I was sitting in a café when you called.

2. When you arrived at the party, who was there?

3. Susie was watching a film when she heard the noise.

4. Yesterday I went to the library, next I had a swim, later I met Julie for a coffee.
5. We were playing tennis when John hurt his ankle.
6. What were they doing at 10pm last night? It was really noisy. 

7. He was taking a shower when the telephone rang. 

8. He was in the shower when the telephone rang. 

9. When I walked into the room, everyone was working. 

10. . It was a day last September. The sun was shining, the birds were singing. I
was walking along the street when I met an old friend. 
11. He was living in Russia when the Revolution started.

12. When her train got to the station, we were waiting on the platform. 

13. He was so annoying! He was always leaving his things everywhere. 

14.  On holiday we visited Rome, saw the Vatican, and spent a few days at the
beach. 

15. Why were you standing on a chair when I came into the room? 

16. They lived in Germany when they were young. 

17. At 7pm yesterday, we were listening to music.

18. When I left the house, it was snowing.

19. He was working in a bank when he met his wife.

20 What were you doing when I called you last night

1.After I had had dinner,I watched TV

2.After we had bought a newspaper,we had a coffee

3.After we had played tennis,we went home

4.When my cousin phoned,I had gone to sleep

5.When we arrived at the match,Mesi had scored two goals

6.When their mother got home,the children had done the housework