a.dk: n thuoc Z, n-4 chia het cho n-3

ket ban nha!

a, \(A=\frac{n-4}{n-3}\) là phân số <=> \(n-3\ne0\)

                                                <=>  \(n\ne3\)

b, \(A=\frac{n-4}{n-3}\inℤ\Leftrightarrow n-4⋮n-3\)

\(\Rightarrow n-4⋮n-3\)

\(\Rightarrow n-3-1⋮n-3\)

     \(n-3⋮n-3\)

\(\Rightarrow1⋮n-3\)

\(\Rightarrow n-3\inƯ\left(1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n-3\in\left\{-1;1\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow n-3\in\left\{2;4\right\}\)

c, \(A=\frac{n-4}{n-3}=\frac{n-3-1}{n-3}=\frac{n-3}{n-3}-\frac{1}{n-3}=1-\frac{1}{n-3}\)

để A đạt giá trị nỏ nhất thì \(\frac{1}{n-3}\) lớn nhất

=> n - 3 là số nguyên dương nhỏ nhất

=> n - 3 = 1

=> n = 4

Lời giải:

ĐKĐB \(\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x^2}{2}+y^2+yz+z^2=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm ta có \(yz\leq \left (\frac{y+z}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow 1=\frac{3x^2}{2}+y^2+yz+z^2=\frac{3x^2}{2}+(y+z)^2-yz\geq \frac{3x^2}{2}+\frac{3(y+z)^2}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{3}\geq x^2+\frac{(y+z)^2}{2}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy- Schwarz: \(3\left [x^2+\frac{(y+z)^2}{2}\right]=\left [x^2+\frac{(y+z)^2}{2}\right](1+2)\geq (x+y+z)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow 2\geq 3\left [x^2+\frac{(y+z)^2}{2}\right]\geq (x+y+z)^2\Rightarrow -\sqrt{2}\leq x+y+z\leq \sqrt{2}\)

Vậy

\(x+y+z (\max)=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow (x,y,z)=\left (\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3},\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3},\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\right)\)

\(x+y+z(\min)=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow (x,y,z)=\left(\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{3},\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{3},\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{3}\right)\)

a. Câu hỏi của Trần Dương An - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath

\(S=\left(\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\right).\left(x+y+z\right)\)   (do x+y+z=1 nên michf nhân vào kết quả sẽ ko bị  thay đổi)

\(S=\frac{21}{16}+\left(\frac{x}{4y}+\frac{y}{16x}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{16x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{4y}\right)\)

AD BĐT cô si,ta có:

\(S\ge\frac{21}{16}+2.\sqrt{\frac{x}{4y}.\frac{y}{16x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}.\frac{z}{16x}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{4y}}=\frac{21}{16}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}+1=\frac{49}{16}\)

dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x=2y=z\\x+y+z=1\\x;y;z>0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{7}\\y=\frac{2}{7}\\z=\frac{4}{7}\end{cases}}}\)

T=116x+14y+1zT=116x+14y+1z  ; x + y + z = 1

⇒T=x+y+z16x+x+y+z4y+x+y+zz⇒T=x+y+z16x+x+y+z4y+x+y+zz

=116+y16x+z16x+x4y+14+z4y+xz+yz+1=116+y16x+z16x+x4y+14+z4y+xz+yz+1

=(116+14+1)+(y16x+x4y)+(z16x+xz)+(z4y+yz)=(116+14+1)+(y16x+x4y)+(z16x+xz)+(z4y+yz)                    (1)

x;y;z>0⇒y16x;x4y;z16x;xz;z4y;yz>0x;y;z>0⇒y16x;x4y;z16x;xz;z4y;yz>0

áp dụng bđt cô si : 

y16x+x4y≥2√y16x⋅x4y=14y16x+x4y≥2y16x⋅x4y=14                             (2)

z16x+xz≥2√z16x⋅xz=12z16x+xz≥2z16x⋅xz=12                                 (3)

x4y+yz≥2√z4y⋅yz=1x4y+yz≥2z4y⋅yz=1                                        (4)

(1)(2)(3)(4) ⇒T≥116+14+1+14+12+1⇒T≥116+14+1+14+12+1

⇒T≥4916⇒T≥4916

dấu "=" xảy ra khi \hept⎧⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪⎩y16x=x4yz16x=xzz4y=yz⇔\hept⎧⎨⎩4y2=16x2z2=16x2z2=4y2\hept{y16x=x4yz16x=xzz4y=yz⇔\hept{4y2=16x2z2=16x2z2=4y2

⇔\hept⎧⎨⎩y=2xz=4xz=2y⇔\hept{y=2xz=4xz=2y có x+y+z = 1

=> x + 2x + 4x = 1

=> x = 1/7

xong tìm ra y = 2/7 và z = 4/7

T=116x+14y+1zT=116x+14y+1z  ; x + y + z = 1

⇒T=x+y+z16x+x+y+z4y+x+y+zz⇒T=x+y+z16x+x+y+z4y+x+y+zz

=116+y16x+z16x+x4y+14+z4y+xz+yz+1=116+y16x+z16x+x4y+14+z4y+xz+yz+1

=(116+14+1)+(y16x+x4y)+(z16x+xz)+(z4y+yz)=(116+14+1)+(y16x+x4y)+(z16x+xz)+(z4y+yz)                    (1)

x;y;z>0⇒y16x;x4y;z16x;xz;z4y;yz>0x;y;z>0⇒y16x;x4y;z16x;xz;z4y;yz>0

áp dụng bđt cô si : 

y16x+x4y≥2√y16x⋅x4y=14y16x+x4y≥2y16x⋅x4y=14                             (2)

z16x+xz≥2√z16x⋅xz=12z16x+xz≥2z16x⋅xz=12                                 (3)

x4y+yz≥2√z4y⋅yz=1x4y+yz≥2z4y⋅yz=1                                        (4)

(1)(2)(3)(4) ⇒T≥116+14+1+14+12+1⇒T≥116+14+1+14+12+1

⇒T≥4916⇒T≥4916

dấu "=" xảy ra khi \hept⎧⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪⎩y16x=x4yz16x=xzz4y=yz⇔\hept⎧⎨⎩4y2=16x2z2=16x2z2=4y2\hept{y16x=x4yz16x=xzz4y=yz⇔\hept{4y2=16x2z2=16x2z2=4y2

⇔\hept⎧⎨⎩y=2xz=4xz=2y⇔\hept{y=2xz=4xz=2y có x+y+z = 1

=> x + 2x + 4x = 1

=> x = 1/7

xong tìm ra y = 2/7 và z = 4/7

\(Z=\frac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1-\frac{7}{\sqrt{x}+2}\ge1-\frac{7}{2}=-\frac{5}{2}\)

Từ giả thiết ta có :

\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)

ta có : \(Q=\frac{y+2}{x^2}+\frac{z+2}{y^2}+\frac{x+2}{z^2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)}{x^2}+\frac{\left(y+1\right)+\left(z+1\right)}{y^2}+\frac{\left(z+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)}{z^2}-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+\left(y+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)+\left(z+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+1\right)}{zx}+\frac{2\left(y+1\right)}{xy}+\frac{2\left(z+1\right)}{yz}-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(=2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+2\)

Áp dụng bđt \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c

Ta có \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\sqrt{3}\)

Do đó : \(Q\ge\sqrt{3}+2\). Dấu " = " xảy ra 

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{z}\\z+y+z=xyz\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\sqrt{3}}\)

Vậy Min \(Q=\sqrt{3}+2\)khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)

Ta có \(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)

Do đó \(Q\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\frac{1}{x+y+z}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\frac{9}{x+y+z}+\frac{9}{x+y+z}-\frac{17}{x+y+z}\)

\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{9\cdot9\cdot\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\cdot\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}-\frac{17}{x+y+z}\ge9-\frac{17}{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}=9-\frac{17}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

\(y=\frac{4n+6+3}{2n+3}=\frac{2\left(2n+3\right)+3}{2n+3}=2+\frac{3}{2n+3}\). vì x thuộc Z => \(\frac{3}{2n+3}\le3\) với mọi n => \(y\le2+3=5\)

=> GTLN của y=5 <=>2n+3=1 <=> n=-1