a.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{x+2}=a\\\sqrt[3]{x-2}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(2a^2-b^2=ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(2a+b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\2a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^3=b^3\\8a^3=-b^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=x-2\left(vô-nghiệm\right)\\8\left(x+2\right)=-\left(x-2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{14}{9}\)

b.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{65+x}=a\\\sqrt[3]{65-x}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2=5ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a-4b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\a=4b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^3=b^3\\a^3=64b^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}65+x=65-x\\65+x=64\left(65-x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

c.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{x+2}=a\\\sqrt[3]{x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b=1+ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^3=1\\b^3=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=1\\x+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt[3]{65+x}=a\\\sqrt[3]{65-x}=b\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2=5ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right)\left(4b-a\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b\\a=4b\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt[3]{65+x}=\sqrt[3]{65-x}\\\sqrt[3]{65+x}=4\sqrt[3]{65-x}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}65+x=65-x\\65+x=4\left(65-x\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=39\end{cases}}\)

Lập phương 2 vế ta đc

\(\left(65+x\right)^2+64\left(65-x\right)^2+3\sqrt[3]{64\left(65-x\right)^2\left(65+x\right)^x}.\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(65+x\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{\left(65-x\right)^2}\right)=125\left(65^2-x^2\right)\)

<=>\(65x^2-8190x+274625+3\sqrt[3]{64\left(65^2-x^2\right)}.\sqrt[3]{65^2-x^2}=125\left(65^2-x^2\right)\)\(65x^2-8190x+274625+3.4.\sqrt[3]{65^2-x^2}=125\left(65^2-x^2\right)\)

Đặt 

 \(\sqrt[3]{\left(65+x\right)}=a;\sqrt[3]{65-x}=b\) => \(a^3+b^3=130\)  ta có Hpt :

\(a^2+4b^2=5ab\) (1) 

\(a^3+b^3=130\) (2)

từ pt (1) => a = b Hoặc a = 4b 

Thay vào pt (2) tìm ra b => a 

Đặt \(a=\sqrt[3]{\left(65-x\right)};b=\sqrt[3]{65+x}\)

pt<=> \(a^2+b^2=ab\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}a=0\\b=0\end{cases}\)

nên vô lí 

PT vô nghiệm

a) Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{65+x}=a;\sqrt[3]{65-x}=b\)

Nhận xét x = 65 không phải là nghiệm. Xét x khác 65 thì \(b\ne0\)

PT \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-5ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2-5\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)+1=0\Leftrightarrow t^2-5t+1=0\left(\text{đặt }t=\frac{a}{b}\right)\)

Hình như chị ghi đề sai, số quá xấu:((

a/ Nghiệm xấu quá

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{65+x}=a\\\sqrt[3]{65-x}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(a^2+b^2=5ab\Leftrightarrow a^2-5ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\frac{5+\sqrt{21}}{2}b\right)\left(a-\frac{5-\sqrt{21}}{2}b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{5+\sqrt{21}}{2}b\\a=\frac{5-\sqrt{21}}{2}b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{65+x}=\frac{5+\sqrt{21}}{2}\sqrt[3]{65-x}\\\sqrt[3]{65+x}=\frac{5-\sqrt{21}}{2}\sqrt[3]{65-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}65+x=\left(\frac{5+\sqrt{21}}{2}\right)^3\left(65-x\right)\\65+x=\left(\frac{5-\sqrt{21}}{2}\right)^3\left(65-x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(56+12\sqrt{21}\right)x=65\left(54+12\sqrt{21}\right)\\\left(56-12\sqrt{21}\right)x=65\left(54-12\sqrt{21}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=...\)

b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{x-5}+\sqrt[3]{2x-1}=\sqrt[3]{3x+2}-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6+3\sqrt[3]{\left(x-5\right)\left(2x-1\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{3x+2}-2\right)=3x-6-6\sqrt[3]{3x+2}\left(\sqrt[3]{3x+2}-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{\left(x-5\right)\left(2x-1\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{3x+2}-2\right)=-2\sqrt[3]{3x+2}\left(\sqrt[3]{3x+2}-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt[3]{3x+2}-2\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(x-5\right)\left(2x-1\right)}+2\sqrt[3]{3x+2}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=8\Rightarrow x=2\\\left(x-5\right)\left(2x-1\right)=-8\left(3x+2\right)\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x^2-13x+21=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-\frac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

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b, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{5}{2}\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+4-6\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}-3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=7\left(tm\right)\)

a, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge5\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5+4\sqrt{x-5}+4}+\sqrt{x-5+8\sqrt{x-5}+16}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-5}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-5}+4\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=-3\)

Phương trình vô nghiệm

Dat \(a=\sqrt[3]{65+x},b=\sqrt[3]{65-x}\)

Bien doi PT thanh \(a^2+4b^2=5ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-5ab+4b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-ab\right)-\left(4ab-4b^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-b\right)-4b\left(a-b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a-4b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b\left(1\right)\\a=4b\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{65+x}=\sqrt[3]{65-x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow65+x=65-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(n\right)\)

\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{65+x}=4\sqrt[3]{65-x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow65+x=64.65-64x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow65x=64.65-65\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=63\left(n\right)\)

Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=0,x=63\)