V. Underline the correct words.

1. In Rio, some people are healthy/wealthy, but there are poor people who live in slums.
2. The first symptom of the hunger/ disease is a very high temperature.
3. Poverty can affect/ effect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender.
4. Millions of Africans were sold into slavery/ poverty between the 17th and 19th centuries.
5. He was sent to prison for a criminal/ crime that he didn’t commit.
6. Our yard is peaceful/ spacious enough for a swimming pool.
7. The accident has blocked/ stopped two lanes of traffic on the freeway.
8. Russia has a population density/ diversity of just 8 people per square kilometer.
9. Brazil’s population is very diverse/ dangerous, comprising many races and ethnic groups.
10. Homeless people need better access to healthcare/ malnutrition.

III. Underline the correct words.
1. In Rio, some people are healthy/wealthy, but there are poor people who live in slums.
2. The first symptom of the hunger/ disease is a very high temperature.
3. Poverty can affect/ effect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender.
4. Millions of Africans were sold into slavery/ poverty between the 17 th and 19 th centuries.
5. He was sent to prison for a criminal/ crime that he didn’t commit.
6. Our yard is peaceful/ spacious enough for a swimming pool.
7. The accident has blocked/ stopped two lanes of traffic on the freeway.
8. Russia has a population density/ diversity of just 8 people per square kilometer.
9. Brazil’s population is very diverse/ dangerous, comprising many races and ethnic groups.
10. Homeless people need better access to healthcare/ malnutrition.

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

 Today, there is a TV set in nearly every home. People watch television every day, and some people watch it from morning until night. Americans watch television about 35 hours a week. But is television good or bad for you? People have different answers. Some say that there is a lot of violence on TV today, the programs are terrible and people don't get any exercise because they only sit and watch TV. Others think that TV programs bring news from around the world, help you learn many useful things, especially children. Thanks to television, people learn about life in other countries, and it helps people relax after a long day of hard work.

 What are the disadvantages of watching TV too much?

A. It makes people lazier. 

B. It makes people become more violent. 

C. A and B are correct. 

D. A and B are false.

Correct form of the words

2.That area is very dangerous for tourists. There are many (law) activities there.

3. (Poor) is still a major problem in most big cities.

4. Lack of education has caused many teenagers to become (crime)

6. (Home) or the state of having no home is a significant social issue worldwide.

7. In this city, only a small number of people are (wealth) with high living standards in the city.

8. The infant (die) rate in many countries in Africa is still very high.

9. Life in the city is more (stress) than that in the countryside.

10. The healthcare system in this city is very bad. There are only 13 (physics) out of 100,000 residents.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question from 34 to 41.

Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.

In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.

A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1, 147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low – productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and there fore have high standards of living.

At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.

High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.

(From “Poverty” by Thomas J. Corbett)

The phrase “that number” in paragraph 1 refers to the number of ________.

A. people                         

B. densities            

C. resources           

D. countries

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question from 34 to 41.

Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.

In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.

A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1, 147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low – productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and there fore have high standards of living.

At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.

High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.

(From “Poverty” by Thomas J. Corbett)

What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?

A. Available resources

B. skilled labor

C. Farming methods

D. Land area