bài 1

ÁP dụng AM-GM ta có:

\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(2c+a\right)}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{b}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3.\left(2c+a\right).b}{b\left(2c+a\right).27}}=a.\)

tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b^3}{c\left(2a+b\right)}+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{c}{3}\ge b,\frac{c^3}{a\left(2b+c\right)}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{a}{3}\ge c\)

công tất cả lại ta có:

\(P+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge a+b+c\)

\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\ge a+b+c\)

Thay \(a+b+c=3\)vào ta được":

\(P+2\ge3\Leftrightarrow P\ge1\)

Vậy Min là \(1\)

dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Ta có: \(P=\Sigma\dfrac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=\Sigma\dfrac{a^2\left(b+1\right)+ab-ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=\Sigma\left(a-\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\left(a+b+c\right)-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=3-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy \(\Rightarrow a\left(b+1\right)+b=ab+b+a\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge3-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}}=3-\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{3}\)

mà \(\sqrt[3]{ab}=\sqrt[3]{a.b.1}\le\dfrac{a+b+1}{3}\)

\(3-\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{3}=3-\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ac}}{3}\ge3-\dfrac{\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{3}}{3}=3-1=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\) \(\Rightarrow MinP=2\) khi a = b = c =1

Lời giải khác:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(P=\frac{a^2(b+1)}{a+b+ab}+\frac{b^2(c+1)}{b+c+bc}+\frac{c^2(a+1)}{c+a+ac}\)\(=\frac{a^2}{\frac{a+b+ab}{b+1}}+\frac{b^2}{\frac{b+c+bc}{c+1}}+\frac{c^2}{\frac{c+a+ca}{a+1}}\)

\(\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{\frac{(a+1)(b+1)-1}{b+1}+\frac{(b+1)(c+1)-1}{c+1}+\frac{(c+1)(a+1)-1}{a+1}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{a+b+c+3-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)}=\frac{9}{6-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq \frac{9}{a+1+b+1+c+1}=\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Do đó: \(6-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)\leq 6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{\frac{9}{2}}=2\)

Vậy P min là 2

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

đây là 1 sự nhầm lẫn đối với các bạn nhác tìm dấu = :))

Sử dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :

 \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\ge\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{18}{2ab+2bc+2ca}\ge\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{18}\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}\)

\(=\frac{19+\sqrt{72}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{25\sqrt{2}}{1}=25\sqrt{2}\)

bài làm của e : 

Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :

\(Q\ge\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{7}{ab+bc+ca}\)

Theo hệ quả của AM-GM thì : \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(< =>\frac{7}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{7}{\frac{1}{3}}=21\)

Tiếp tục sử dụng Svacxo thì ta được : 

\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{7}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+21=30\)

Vậy \(Min_P=30\)đạt được khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Và đương nhiên cách bạn dcv_new chỉ đúng với \(k\ge2\) ở bài:

https://olm.vn/hoi-dap/detail/259605114604.html

Thực ra bài Min \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\) khi a + b + c = 1

chỉ là hệ quả của bài \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{k}{ab+bc+ca}\) khi \(a+b+c\le1\)

Ngoài ra nếu \(k< 2\) thì min là: \(\left(1+\sqrt{2k}\right)^2\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương, ta có :

\(\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(a+c\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)

Cần chứng minh : \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

hay \(8\left(a+b+c\right)^6\ge729abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

Thật vậy, ta có : \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3=27abc\)

\(8\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\left(2\left(a+b+c\right)\right)^3=\left(a+b+b+c+a+c\right)^3\)

\(\ge\left(3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3=27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

Nhân từng vế 2 bất đẳng thức trên, ta được đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c 

Vậy ...

2. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số không âm, ta có : 

\(B\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)\left(a^3+c^3+1\right)}}\)

Ta có : \(a^3+b^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}=3ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^3+b^3+1}\ge\sqrt{3ab}\)

Tương tự : ....

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)\left(c^3+a^3+1\right)}\ge\sqrt{27a^2b^2c^2}=\sqrt{27}\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{27}}=3\sqrt{3}\)

Vậy GTNN của B là \(3\sqrt{3}\)khi a = b = c = 1

Bài 1 : 

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm 

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)

Xét \(\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt[3]{abc}\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\\\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\end{cases}}\)

Nhân từng vế :

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\ge\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

Mà \(\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

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Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki, ta có: 

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\right)^2\)

Mà \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=\frac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{abc+bc+b}=\frac{1}{b+1+bc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{1+bc+1}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge1\) 

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(ab+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

ta có  \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\)

\(=\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{bc+b+1}=1\)

đặt \(H=\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\)

áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki  ta có 

\(H\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\right)^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow H\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

hay  \(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)