a: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)+x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-2x-2\sqrt{x}+x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x-4\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}\)

Bài 1 :

a) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1\)

\(A=\left(\frac{3}{x^2-1}+\frac{1}{x+1}\right):\frac{1}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3+x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{x+2}{x-1}\)

b) Thay x = \(\frac{2}{5}\)vào A ta được :

\(A=\frac{\frac{2}{5}+2}{\frac{2}{5}-1}=\frac{\frac{12}{5}}{-\frac{3}{5}}=-4\)

c) Để \(A=\frac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2}{x-1}=\frac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x+8=5x-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=13\)

d) Để \(A>\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2}{x-1}>\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2}{x-1}-\frac{1}{2}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+4-x+1>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+5>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>-5\)

Bài 2 :

a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne-1\\x\ne0\end{cases}}\)

\(A=\frac{x^2}{x^2+x}-\frac{1-x}{x+1}\)

\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{x-1}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-1}{x+1}\)

b) Để \(A=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x-1}{x+1}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

b) Để \(A< 2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x-1}{x+1}< 2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x-1}{x+1}-2< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1-2x-1< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2< 0\)(luôn đúng)

Vậy A < 2 <=> mọi x

ĐKXĐ : x > 0 ; x ≠ 1 ; x ≠ 4

a) \(A=\left(1-\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}\right)\div\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\left(\frac{x-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\div\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\left(\frac{x-1-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\div\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\times\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

b) Với x = \(11-6\sqrt{2}\)

\(A=\frac{\sqrt{11-6\sqrt{2}}-3}{\sqrt{11-6\sqrt{2}}-2}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{2-6\sqrt{2}+9}-3}{\sqrt{2-6\sqrt{2}+9}-2}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot3+3^2}-3}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot3+3^2}-2}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-3\right)^2}-3}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-3\right)^2}-2}\)

\(=\frac{\left|\sqrt{2}-3\right|-3}{\left|\sqrt{2}-3\right|-2}\)

\(=\frac{3-\sqrt{2}-3}{3-\sqrt{2}-2}=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{2}}\)

c) Ta có : \(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-2-1}{\sqrt{x}-2}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

Để A nguyên => \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)nguyên

=> \(1⋮\sqrt{x}-2\)

=> \(\sqrt{x}-2\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)

=> \(\sqrt{x}\in\left\{3;1\right\}\)

=> \(x=9\)( không nhận x = 1 do ĐKXĐ )

d) Để A = -2

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}=-2\)( x > 0 ; x ≠ 1 ; x ≠ 4 )

=> \(\sqrt{x}-3=-2\sqrt{x}+4\)

=> \(\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}=4+3\)

=> \(3\sqrt{x}=7\)

=> \(9x=49\)( bình phương hai vế )

=> \(x=\frac{49}{9}\)( tm )

e) Để A có giá trị âm

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)

Xét hai trường hợp :

1.\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-3>0\\\sqrt{x}-2< 0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}>3\\\sqrt{x}< 2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>9\\x< 4\end{cases}}\)( loại )

2. \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-3< 0\\\sqrt{x}-2>0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}< 3\\\sqrt{x}>2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< 9\\x>4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow4< x< 9\)

Vậy với 4 < x < 9 thì A có giá trị âm

f) Để A < -2

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}< -2\)

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+2< 0\)

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\frac{2\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x-2}}< 0\)

=> \(\frac{3\sqrt{x}-7}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)

Xét hai trường hợp :

1. \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\sqrt{x}-7< 0\\\sqrt{x}-2>0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\sqrt{x}< 7\\\sqrt{x}>2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}9x< 49\\x>4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< \frac{49}{9}\\x>4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow4< x< \frac{49}{9}\)

2. \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\sqrt{x}-7>0\\\sqrt{x}-2< 0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\sqrt{x}>7\\\sqrt{x}< 2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}9x>49\\x< 4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>\frac{49}{9}\\x< 4\end{cases}}\)( loại )

Vậy với 4 < x < 49/9 thì A < -2

g) Để \(A>\sqrt{x}-1\)

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}>\sqrt{x}-1\)

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)>0\)

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-2}>0\)

=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-2}>0\)

=> \(\frac{-x+4\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}-2}>0\)

Ta có : \(-x+4\sqrt{x}-5=-\left(x-4\sqrt{x}+4\right)-1=-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2-1\le-1< 0\left(\forall\ge0\right)\)

Nên để A > 0 thì ta chỉ cần xét \(\sqrt{x}-2< 0\)

\(\sqrt{x}-2< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< 2\Leftrightarrow x< 4\)

Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ => \(\hept{\begin{cases}0< x< 4\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)thì tm

a: Để P>-1 thì P+1>0

=>\(\dfrac{1-x^2+x}{x}>0\)

=>\(\dfrac{x^2-x-1}{x}< 0\)

TH1: x^2-x-1>0 và x<0

=>\(x< \dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)

TH2: x^2-x-1<0 và x>0

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}< x< \dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow0< x< \dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)

b: Để P là số nguyên thì 1-x^2 chia hết cho x

=>1 chia hết cho x

=>\(x\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

c: Để P=-3/2 thì \(\dfrac{1-x^2}{x}=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)

=>\(2-2x^2=-3x\)

=>-2x^2+2+3x=0

=>2x^2-3x-2=0

=>2x^2-4x+x-2=0

=>(x-2)(2x+1)=0

=>x=2 hoặc x=-1/2

8: Để \(P< \dfrac{1}{4}\) thì \(P-\dfrac{1}{4}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-8-\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}< 9\)

hay x<9

Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le x< 9\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)

7.

\(P< 1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-1< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x< 1\)

Vậy \(0\le x< 1\)

8.

\(P< \dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)< \sqrt{x}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}-8< \sqrt{x}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}< 9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x< 9\)

Vậy \(0\le x< 9;x\ne1\)

Rút gọn:

\(M=\frac{x^2+x}{x^2-2x+1}:\left(\frac{x+1}{x}-\frac{1}{1-x}+\frac{2x^2}{x^2-x}\right)\)

\(M=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\cdot\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x^2-1+1+2x^2}\)

\(M=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{x-1}\cdot\frac{x}{3x^3}\)

\(M=\frac{x+1}{3x\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(A=\left(\frac{1}{1-x}-1\right):\left(x+1-\frac{1-2x}{1-x}\right)\)     \(\left(ĐK:x\ne1;x\ne2\right)\)

\(=\frac{1-1+x}{1-x}:\frac{\left(1-x\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(1-2x\right)}{1-x}\)

\(=\frac{x}{1-x}\cdot\frac{1-x}{1-x^2-1+2x}\)

\(=\frac{x}{-x^2+2x}\)

\(=\frac{x}{-x\left(x-2\right)}=-\frac{1}{x-2}=\frac{1}{2-x}\)

b) Để A=\(\frac{1}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{2-x}=\frac{1}{2}\)

                   \(\Leftrightarrow2-x=2\)

                   \(\Leftrightarrow-x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)

c) Để A>1 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{2-x}>1\)

                 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{2-x}-1>0\) 

                 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1-2+x}{2-x}>0\)

                 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x-1}{2-x}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x-1>0\\2-x>0\end{cases}\) hoặc \(\begin{cases}x-1< 0\\2-x< 0\end{cases}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x>1\\x< 2\end{cases}\) hoặc \(\begin{cases}x< 1\\x>2\end{cases}\)(vô nghiệm)

\(\Leftrightarrow1< x< 2\)

Vậy \(1< x< 2\) thì A<1

a: ĐKXĐ: x<>0; x<>1

\(P=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}:\dfrac{x^2-1+x+2-x^2}{x\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x+1}=\dfrac{x^2}{x-1}\)

b: |2x+1|=3

=>x=1(loại); x=-2(nhận)

Khi x=-2 thì P=4/-3=-4/3

c: P=-1/2

=>x^2/x-1=-1/2

=>2x^2=-x+1

=>2x^2+x-1=0

=>2x^2+2x-x-1=0

=>(x+1)(2x-1)=0

=>x=1/2; x=-1