Read the Learn this! Box. Which adjectives from exercise 5 can have a negative prefix? Use a dictionary to help you.
5. Rewrite the sentences using the adjectives in brackets with a negative prefix. You can use a dictionary to help you.
(Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng các tính từ trong ngoặc với môt tiền tố phủ định. Bạn có thể sử dụng từ điển để giúp bạn.)
1. Her bedroom is in a mess. (tidy)
(Phòng ngủ của cô ấy bừa bộn.)
=> Her bedroom is untidy.
(Phòng ngủ của cô ấy không gọn gàng.)
2. That answer is wrong. (correct)
3. It isn't nice to tease your little sister. (kind)
4. He was very rude to me! (polite)
5. I'm unhappy with my exam results. (satisfied)
6. I can't do this exercise! (possible)
That answer is incorrect
It is unkind to tease your little sister
He was impolite to me
I'm dissatisfied with my exam results
It's impossible that I can do this exercise
Read the Learn this! box. What examples of have something done can you find in the article in exercise 2?
LEARN THIS! have something done a You can use the structure have + object + past participle to say that you arranged for somebody to do something for you. (You did not do it yourself.) She had her hair dyed. I haven't had my eyes tested for years. b You can also use the structure for unpleasant things that somebody or something has done to you. He had his nose broken in a rugby game. |
Amanda recently had a colourful butterfly tattooed on her wrist. Brad had the names of his two daughters tattooed on his neck under his hair. His friend Doug had his back decorated with a large tattoo of a shield. For the people themselves, these examples of body art are meaningful and important. Nevertheless, they deliberately had them done in places that can easily be hidden. Why? Because they want to give themselves the best possible chance of getting a job, and many employers have a negative attitude towards tattoos and other forms of body art (piercings, body painting, etc.). That is because many employers do not think that decorating yourself with tattoos is acceptable. But when these employers were young themselves, back in the 1980s, they probably had their hair dyed a bright colour to shock their parents! Fashions change, but younger generations always have the desire to be different.
3. Read the Learn this! box and complete the rules. Use must, mustn't, needn't and don't have to. Use your answers to exercise 2 to help you.
(Đọc hộp Learn this! và hoàn thành các quy tắc. Dùng must, mustn't, needn't and don't have to. Sử dụng các câu trả lời trong bài 2 để giúp bạn.)
LEARN THIS! must, mustn't and needn't/ don't have to
a. We use (1) _____ to say that something is necessary or very important to do.
b. We use (2) _____ and (3) _____ to say that something is not necessary.
c. We use (4) _____ to say that something is prohibited (a negative order)
Note: We can also use passive forms after modal verbs.
Helmet must be worn at all times.
1.must | 2. needn’t | 3. don’t have to | 4. mustn’t |
SPEAKING Work in pairs. Agree on which are the three most important or useful qualities when you are in the following situations. Use the adjectives and nouns from exercise 2, and the phrases from the Look out! box and exercise 6 to help you.
1 At a party
2 In a job interview
3 On a field trip
4 In lessons
A: We think that sociability and ... are useful qualities to have when you're at a party.
B: It's best not to be... when you are...
Bài tham khảo
- At a party:
A: We think that sociability and cheerfulness, sense of humour are useful qualities to have when you're at a party.
B: It's best not to be shy when you are at a party.
- In a job interview:
A: We think that self-confidence, punctuality, and good communication skills are important qualities to have in a job interview.
B: It's best not to lack self-confidence or be late for a job interview.
- On a field trip:
A: We think that flexibility, thoughtfulness, and a good sense of humour are useful qualities to have on a field trip.
B: It's best not to be stubborn or lack energy on a field trip.
- In lessons:
A: We think that being attentive, having good organisational skills, and being creative are important qualities to have in lessons.
B: It's best not to lack common sense or be too pessimistic in lessons.
Tạm dịch
- Tại một bữa tiệc:
A: Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng sự hòa đồng và vui vẻ, khiếu hài hước là những phẩm chất hữu ích cần có khi bạn tham gia một bữa tiệc.
B: Tốt nhất là đừng ngại ngùng khi bạn dự tiệc.
- Khi phỏng vấn xin việc:
A: Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng sự tự tin, đúng giờ và kỹ năng giao tiếp tốt là những phẩm chất quan trọng cần có trong một cuộc phỏng vấn việc làm.
B: Tốt nhất là đừng thiếu tự tin hoặc đến trễ trong buổi phỏng vấn xin việc.
- Trên một chuyến đi thực địa:
A: Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng sự linh hoạt, chu đáo và khiếu hài hước là những phẩm chất hữu ích cần có trong một chuyến đi thực địa.
B: Tốt nhất là không nên bướng bỉnh hoặc thiếu năng lượng trong một chuyến đi thực địa.
- Trong bài học:
A: Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng chú ý, có kỹ năng tổ chức tốt và sáng tạo là những phẩm chất quan trọng cần có trong các tiết học.
B: Tốt nhất là không nên thiếu ý thức chung hoặc quá bi quan trong tiết học.
Read the Learn this! box and complete the examples. Can you add any more adjectives to each group?
LEARN THIS! Adjective endings Some adjective endings have a particular meaning. a noun + -ful = giving or full of hopeful 1meaning________ b noun + -less = without 2hope________ 3meaning________ c noun + -ly or -y= like, with the quality of friendly 4snow________ d verb + -able = possible to 5drink________ 6afford________ Other adjective endings have no particular meaning but usually go with either a noun or a verb. e noun + -ous 7adventur________ 8mountain________ f verb + -ive 9impress________ 10support________ |
Các tính từ bổ sung từng nhóm
a. cheerful, colorful
(vui vẻ, đầy màu sắc)
b. fearless, harmless
(không sợ hãi, vô hại)
c. sunny, windy
(đầy nắng, đầy gió)
d. noticeable, manageable
(đáng chú ý, có thể quản lý)
e. dangerous, gorgeous
(nguy hiểm, tuyệt đẹp)
f. aggressive, exhaustive
(tích cực, triệt để)
Các tính từ bổ sung từng nhóm
a. cheerful, colorful
(vui vẻ, đầy màu sắc)
b. fearless, harmless
(không sợ hãi, vô hại)
c. sunny, windy
(đầy nắng, đầy gió)
d. noticeable, manageable
(đáng chú ý, có thể quản lý)
e. dangerous, gorgeous
(nguy hiểm, tuyệt đẹp)
f. aggressive, exhaustive
(tích cực, triệt để)
Read the Learn this! box. Then read the sentences and circle the correct meaning, a or b. Use a dictionary to help you.
1 She gave up halfway through the London Marathon.
a went faster
b stopped trying
2 The film turned into a comedy towards the end.
a stopped being a comedy
b became a comedy
3 We set off just as it was getting dark.
a started our journey
b finished our journey
4 The rocket blew up as it entered the Earth's atmosphere.
a exploded
b changed direction
5 A woman in the front row of the audience passed out.
a left the room
b became unconscious/asleep
6 At the age of 65, my grandfather took up ice skating.
a stopped doing it
b started doing it
1 She gave up halfway through the London Marathon.
(Cô ấy đã bỏ cuộc giữa chừng trong cuộc thi London Marathon.)
a went faster
(đã đi nhanh hơn)
b stopped trying
(ngừng cố gắng)
=> Chọn B
2 The film turned into a comedy towards the end.
(Bộ phim về cuối trở thành một bộ phim hài.)
a stopped being a comedy
(không còn là một bộ phim hài)
b became a comedy
(đã trở thành một bộ phim hài)
=> Chọn B
3 We set off just as it was getting dark.
(Chúng tôi lên đường khi trời sắp tối.)
a started our journey
(bắt đầu cuộc hành trình của chúng tôi)
b finished our journey
(kết thúc cuộc hành trình của chúng tôi)
=> Chọn A
4 The rocket blew up as it entered the Earth's atmosphere.
(Tên lửa nổ tung khi đi vào bầu khí quyển của Trái đất.)
a exploded
(phát nổ)
b changed direction
(đổi hướng)
=> Chọn A
5 A woman in the front row of the audience passed out.
(Một phụ nữ ở hàng ghế đầu của khán giả đã bất tỉnh.)
a left the room
(rời khỏi phòng)
b became unconscious/asleep
(trở nên bất tỉnh / ngủ)
=> Chọn B
6 At the age of 65, my grandfather took up ice skating.
(Ở tuổi 65, ông tôi bắt đầu trượt băng.)
a stopped doing it
(ngừng làm việc đó)
b started doing it
(bắt đầu làm nó.)
=> Chọn B
Read the Learn this! box. In pairs, write down two more examples for each rule (a-d). Use a dictionary to help you if necessary.
LEARN THIS! Word families a Some nouns are formed by adding a suffix like -ness or -ment to an adjective. sad - sadness content – contentment b Common adjective endings are -ed, -ing, -ous, -ful, -less, -y and -al. surprised/surprising suspicious hopeful/hopeless dirty political c Most adverbs are formed by adding-ly to an adjective. cross – crossly happy – happily d We can change the meaning of many adjectives and adverbs by adding a prefix. surprisingly – unsurprisingly |
a. Thêm hậu tố “ness” vào danh từ
happy (adj): vui => happiness (n): niềm vui
polite (adj): lịch sự => politeness (n): sự lịch sự
b. Đuôi tính từ
delicious (adj): ngon
traditional (adj): thuộc truyền thống
c. Thêm “ly” vào tính từ để tạo trạng từ
safe (adj): an toàn => safely (adv): một cách an toàn
lucky (adj): may mắn => luckily (adv): một cách may mắn
d. Thêm tiền tố vào tính từ
legal (adj): hợp pháp >< illegal (adj): bất hợp pháp
polluted (adj): bị ô nhiễm >< unpolluted (adj): không ô nhiễm
USE OF ENGLISH Read the Learn this! box. Add two more time expressions from the article in exercise 2.
LEARN THIS! Future time expressions When we talk about the distant future, we can say: about 100 years from nowin 1,000/10,000/ a million years' timewithin 10/50/100 yearsby the end of the decade / the century/the next century/the millenniumin the foreseeable future / in the long term |
Two more time expressions from the article in exercise 2: in 100,000 years, in the distant future.
(Hai cách diễn đạt thời gian nữa từ bài viết trong bài tập 2: trong 100.000 năm nữa, trong tương lai xa.)
Read the Learn this! box. Complete it with the words below. Use the article to help you.
affirmative negative plural questions singular
LEARN THIS! Indefinite pronouns a We use indefinite pronouns beginning with some- in 1___________ sentences. We use pronouns beginning with any- in 2___________ sentences and 3___________ b Indefinite pronouns take a 4___________ verb form. Nobody lives in that house. c But if we refer back to everyone or everybody, we treat them as 5___________. Everyone is here, aren't they? |
LEARN THIS! Indefinite pronouns
a We use indefinite pronouns beginning with some- in 1 affirmative sentences. We use pronouns beginning with any- in 2 negative sentences and 3 questions
b Indefinite pronouns take a 4 singular verb form.
Nobody lives in that house.
c But if we refer back to everyone or everybody, we treat them as 5 plural.
Everyone is here, aren't they?
(LEARN THIS! đại từ bất định
a Chúng ta sử dụng các đại từ không xác định bắt đầu bằng some trong câu khẳng định. Chúng ta dùng đại từ bắt đầu bằng any- trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
b Đại từ bất định chia dạng động từ số ít.
Không ai sống trong ngôi nhà đó.
c Nhưng nếu chúng ta gọi lại mọi người hoặc mọi người, chúng ta coi họ là số nhiều.
Mọi người đều ở đây, phải không?)