Read the article again and choose the best title.

A. The study of different generations

B. Generational differences in different societies

C. Characteristics of different generations

Over the past two centuries, different generations were born and given different names. Each generation comes with its characteristics, which are largely influenced by the historical, economic, and social conditions of the country they live in. However, in many countries the following three generations have common characteristics.

Generation X refers to the generation born between 1965 and 1980. When Gen Xers grew up, they experienced many social changes and developments in history. As a result, they are always ready for changes and prepared to work through changes. Gen Xers are also known as critical thinkers because they achieved higher levels of education than previous generations.

Generation Y, also known as Millennials, refers to those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s. They are curious and ready to accept changes. If there is a faster, better way of doing something, Millennials want to try it out. They also value teamwork. When working in a team, Millennials welcome different points of view and ideas from others.

Generation Z includes people born between the late 1990s and early 2010s, a time of great technological developments and changes. That is why Gen Zers are also called digital natives. They grew up online and never knew the world before digital and social media. They are very creative and able to experiment with platforms to suit their needs. Many Gen Zers are also interested in starting their own businesses and companies. They saw so many people lose their jobs, so they think it is safer to be your own boss than relying on someone else to hire you.

Soon a new generation, labelled Gen Alpha, will be on the scene. Let's wait and see if we will notice the generation gap.

Read the article. Match the highlighted words with their meanings.

THE EDUCATIONAL JOURNEY FOR SCHOOL-LEAVERS 

This month, Teen Talk magazine has received many letters from secondary school students asking about the different options for school-leavers. We've talked to educational experts, and they think that young people should either continue their studies at a college or university or go to a vocational school.

A. ______________________

Higher education is really for people who want formal learning in order to get an academic degree. If you are good at certain subjects and need a degree related to those subjects, then university is the right choice for you. Besides studying, university students also have the opportunity to live independently, make new friends, and join different clubs. Many students still manage to work part-time during their university years. In addition, college or university students usually have an advantage over students from vocational schools when it comes to further studies after a degree. They will also have broader career options and an advantage in the job market.

B. ______________________

If you are not interested in traditional academic subjects and want to work in a specific trade, then vocational education is the right choice for you. You will gain the practical skills and knowledge necessary for a specific job. In addition, a vocational school may also offer you an apprenticeship. This type of training not only provides students with hands-on experience, but also gives them wages to cover their living costs. Most importantly, vocational training is usually much shorter than a college or university course. After getting their vocational qualifications, graduates can immediately start work and earn a salary.

There are a lot of educational opportunities for school-leavers today. You can choose from hundreds of vocational schools or higher education institutions to continue your educational journey. 

Read the article again. Match the highlighted words with their meanings.

Read the article. Match the highlighted words and phrases with their meanings.

Teen's life

I don't want to be the odd one out!

"My parents don’t want me to hang out with my friends from school. They think those friends have a bad influence onme. They aren’t happy that instead of going home after school, we go to games centres to play video games. But I think it’s fun, and! don’t want to lose my friends," Thanh, 17.

“One day I coloured my hair and painted my finger nails. My parents got so angry with me. I know that this is not allowed at school, but all the girls in my group of friends did the same. I don’t want to be the odd one out!" Van, 16.

[ A ] The emails we have received from teenagers this week point to the effects of peer pressure, which is when you do things because you want to be accepted or valued by your friends. If teens fail to do what their group of friends want them to do, they may not be accepted or may even be bullied.

[ B ] In many cases, peer pressure can lead to depression, low self-confidence, distance from family and poor school performance. It can also lead to bigger social issues. It was reported that 70% of teenage smokers surveyed in the US said that they started smoking because they had friends who were smoking.

[ C ] It is not always easy to stand up to peer pressure, but sooner or later you need to decide what is best for you. Choose the right friends, learn to say no when you don’t feel comfortable and don’t hesitate to talk to an adult when the situation looks dangerous. And remember it’s sometimes OK to be "the odd one out". 

 Read the article again. Tick (✔) the characteristics of each generation according to the article.

Read some posts on a forum about different social media and match the names of the posters with their activities.

Ann: I think YouTube is the most popular a social media site. I log on to it daily. I upload videos and watch other people’s videos.

Tom: I use Facebook to connect with friends, post pictures, and share others’ posts. I use it daily. It’s user-friendly.

Trang: I love Instagram. It’s really fun, and easy to browse. People like my photos, so I feel happy. That’s why I often check my notifications.

Nam: I have a Facebook page. I don't often update it, but I often use Messenger to discuss schoolwork with my classmates.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase for  each of the blanks Generation gap refers to the difference in the ways of thinking and perception in the people of two different generations which results in behavioral differences, and sometimes, (1)______between them. In other words, it is the difference in the thinking of the people of the older and younger generations that creates the (2)_______ of understanding between them. The most common example of generation gap is seen in the family between parents and their children. It is not only because of the gap in age but also because of the way parents (3)________ to a particular situation. Advancement technology has led to the generation gap in this modern world. Children tend to spend most of their time with their digital devices and busy with social media that they do not discuss their problems with their parents. The Internet (4)________ solutions to most of the problems that children needn’t ask their own parents for help, (5)_______ the communication and leads to a generation gap. Generation gap occurs not only between parents and children but also between teachers and students.  Students are likely to enjoy the classes of an open-minded teacher, who shows mutual (6)______ to the students. The teachers, who tend to keep their students under unnecessary strict disciplines and practise hard ways to make them obey the orders, are usually disliked by the students. This narrows minded thinking, especially (7)______ in the teachers of the older generation, eventually creates a gap between the students and teachers. Another difference is the use of technology. Young teachers tend to use more digital devices in class for their lessons that has a good (8)______ on the students. Students take more interest and participate actively in the class discussion. An old teacher has (9)________frequent use of electronic devices that makes lessons boring, which is not enjoyed by the students and it creates a gap between them. To (10)_______ the generation gap, parents or teachers must be close to their children. They should show interest and give time to the children, have open communication, and allow the child to feel free in all the situations.

Generation gap refers to the diffrence in the ways of thinking and perception in the people of two different generations which results in behavioral differences, and sometimes(1)___between them.

A. Opposition

B. Wars

C. Conflicts

D. Sympathy