Tham khảo:

a,

\(\lim f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = \lim \left( {2.\frac{{n + 1}}{n}} \right) = \lim 2.\lim \left( {1 + \frac{1}{n}} \right) = 2.\left( {1 + 0} \right) = 2\)

b) Lấy dãy số bất kì \(\left( {{x_n}} \right),{x_n} \to 1\) ta có \(f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = 2{x_n}.\)

 \(\lim f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = \lim \left( {2{x_n}} \right) = \lim 2.\lim {x_n} = 2.1 = 2\)

\(\lim\limits f\left(x_n\right)=f\left(1\right)=-1\)

1e+84937

Ta có x_n luôn dương

Ta có \(2x_n+1=\) \(2\times\dfrac{\left(2+cos\alpha\right)x_n+cos^2\alpha}{\left(2-2cos2\alpha\right)x_n+2-cos2\alpha}+1=\)

\(=\dfrac{6x_n+2cos^2\alpha+2-cos2\alpha}{\left(2-2cos2\alpha\right)x_n+2-cos2\alpha}\)

\(=\dfrac{6x_n+2cos^2\alpha+2sin^2a+1}{\left(2x_n+1\right)\left(1-cos2\alpha\right)+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{3\left(2x_n+1\right)}{2\sin^2\alpha\left(2x_n+1\right)+1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2x_{n+1}+1}=\dfrac{2\sin^2\alpha\left(2x_n+1\right)+1}{3\left(2x_n+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2\sin^2\alpha+\dfrac{1}{2x_n+1}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2x_{n+1}+1}-\sin^2\alpha=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2x_n+1}-\sin^2\alpha\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2x_{n+1}+1}-\sin^2\alpha=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n\left(\dfrac{1}{2x_1+1}-\sin^2\alpha\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\sin^2\alpha\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y_n=\sum\limits^{n-1}_{i=0}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^i\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\sin^2\alpha\right)+n\sin^2\alpha\)

\(=\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n}{1-\dfrac{1}{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\sin^2\alpha\right)+n\sin^2\alpha\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\sin^2\alpha\right)+n\sin^2\alpha\)

Do đó để y_n có giới hạn hữu hạn khi \(n\sin^2\alpha\) có giới hạn hữu hạn \(\Leftrightarrow\sin^2\alpha=0\Leftrightarrow\sin\alpha=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\alpha=k\pi\left(k\inℤ\right)\)

Lúc đó \(\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow+\infty}y_n=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(x_1=a>2;x_{n+1}=x_n^2-2,\forall n=1,2,...\)

mà \(n\rightarrow+\infty\)

\(\Rightarrow a\rightarrow+\infty\Rightarrow x_n\rightarrow+\infty\)

\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{1}{x_n}=0\) \(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\left(\dfrac{1}{x_nx_{n+1}}\right)=0\)

\(\)\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\left(\dfrac{1}{x_1}+\dfrac{1}{x_1x_2}+\dfrac{1}{x_1x_2x_3}+...+\dfrac{1}{x_1x_2...x_n}\right)=0\)

...

a) Ta có: \({u_{n + 1}} = \frac{{2\left( {n + 1} \right) - 1}}{{\left( {n + 1} \right) + 1}} = \frac{{2n + 2 - 1}}{{n + 1 + 1}} = \frac{{2n + 1}}{{n + 2}}\)

Xét hiệu:

\(\begin{array}{l}{u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} = \frac{{2n + 1}}{{n + 2}} - \frac{{2n - 1}}{{n + 1}} = \frac{{\left( {2n + 1} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right) - \left( {2n - 1} \right)\left( {n + 2} \right)}}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{\left( {2{n^2} + n + 2n + 1} \right) - \left( {2{n^2} - n + 4n - 2} \right)}}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{2{n^2} + n + 2n + 1 - 2{n^2} + n - 4n + 2}}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}} = \frac{3}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}} > 0,\forall n \in {\mathbb{N}^*}\end{array}\)

Vậy \({u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} > 0 \Leftrightarrow {u_{n + 1}} > {u_n}\). Vậy dãy số \(\left( {{u_n}} \right)\) là dãy số tăng.

b) Ta có: \({x_{n + 1}} = \frac{{\left( {n + 1} \right) + 2}}{{{4^{n + 1}}}} = \frac{{n + 1 + 2}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} = \frac{{n + 3}}{{{{4.4}^n}}}\)

Xét hiệu:

\({x_{n + 1}} - {x_n} = \frac{{n + 3}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} - \frac{{n + 2}}{{{4^n}}} = \frac{{n + 3 - 4\left( {n + 2} \right)}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} = \frac{{n + 3 - 4n - 8}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} = \frac{{ - 3n - 5}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} < 0,\forall n \in {\mathbb{N}^*}\)

Vậy \({x_{n + 1}} - {x_n} < 0 \Leftrightarrow {x_{n + 1}} < {x_n}\). Vậy dãy số \(\left( {{x_n}} \right)\) là dãy số giảm.

c) Ta có: \({t_1} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^1}{.1^2} =  - 1;{t_2} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^2}{.2^2} = 4;{t_3} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^3}{.3^2} =  - 9\), suy ra \({t_1} < {t_2},{t_2} > {t_3}\). Vậy \(\left( {{t_n}} \right)\) là dãy số không tăng không giảm.

a) Ta có: \({u_{n + 1}} = \frac{{2\left( {n + 1} \right) - 1}}{{\left( {n + 1} \right) + 1}} = \frac{{2n + 2 - 1}}{{n + 1 + 1}} = \frac{{2n + 1}}{{n + 2}}\)

Xét hiệu:

\(\begin{array}{l}{u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} = \frac{{2n + 1}}{{n + 2}} - \frac{{2n - 1}}{{n + 1}} = \frac{{\left( {2n + 1} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right) - \left( {2n - 1} \right)\left( {n + 2} \right)}}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{\left( {2{n^2} + n + 2n + 1} \right) - \left( {2{n^2} - n + 4n - 2} \right)}}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{2{n^2} + n + 2n + 1 - 2{n^2} + n - 4n + 2}}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}} = \frac{3}{{\left( {n + 2} \right)\left( {n + 1} \right)}} > 0,\forall n \in {\mathbb{N}^*}\end{array}\)

Vậy \({u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} > 0 \Leftrightarrow {u_{n + 1}} > {u_n}\). Vậy dãy số \(\left( {{u_n}} \right)\) là dãy số tăng.

b) Ta có: \({x_{n + 1}} = \frac{{\left( {n + 1} \right) + 2}}{{{4^{n + 1}}}} = \frac{{n + 1 + 2}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} = \frac{{n + 3}}{{{{4.4}^n}}}\)

Xét hiệu:

\({x_{n + 1}} - {x_n} = \frac{{n + 3}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} - \frac{{n + 2}}{{{4^n}}} = \frac{{n + 3 - 4\left( {n + 2} \right)}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} = \frac{{n + 3 - 4n - 8}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} = \frac{{ - 3n - 5}}{{{{4.4}^n}}} < 0,\forall n \in {\mathbb{N}^*}\)

Vậy \({x_{n + 1}} - {x_n} < 0 \Leftrightarrow {x_{n + 1}} < {x_n}\). Vậy dãy số \(\left( {{x_n}} \right)\) là dãy số giảm.

c) Ta có: \({t_1} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^1}{.1^2} =  - 1;{t_2} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^2}{.2^2} = 4;{t_3} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^3}{.3^2} =  - 9\), suy ra \({t_1} < {t_2},{t_2} > {t_3}\). Vậy \(\left( {{t_n}} \right)\) là dãy số không tăng không giảm.

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x_0}f\left(x\right)=+\infty\)

\(max\left\{x_1;x_2;...;x_n\right\}\ge\frac{x_1+x_2+...+x_n}{n}+\frac{\left|x_1-x_2\right|+\left|x_2-x_3\right|+...+\left|x_{n-1}-x_n\right|+\left|x_n-x_1\right|}{2n}\)

Đề Tuyển sinh lớp 10 chuyên toán ĐHSP Hà Nội 2012-2013

NGUỒN:CHÉP MẠNG,CHÉP Y CHANG CHỨ E KO HIỂU GÌ ĐÂU(vài dòng đầu)-lỡ như anh cần mak ko có key. ( VÔ TÌNH TRA TÀI LIỆU THÌ THẦY BÀI NÀY )

P/S:Xin đừng bốc phốt.

Để ý trong 2 số thực x,y bất kỳ luôn có 

\(Min\left\{x;y\right\}\le x,y\le Max\left\{x,y\right\}\) và \(Max\left\{x;y\right\}=\frac{x+y+\left|x-y\right|}{2}\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{x_1+x_2+...+x_n}{n}+\frac{\left|x_1-x_2\right|+\left|x_2-x_3\right|+.....+\left|x_n-x_1\right|}{2n}\)

\(=\frac{x_1+x_2+\left|x_1-x_2\right|}{2n}+\frac{x_2+x_3+\left|x_2-x_3\right|}{2n}+.....+\frac{x_3+x_4+\left|x_3-x_4\right|}{2n}+\frac{x_4+x_5+\left|x_4-x_5\right|}{2n}\)

\(\le\frac{Max\left\{x_1;x_2\right\}+Max\left\{x_2;x_3\right\}+.....+Max\left\{x_n;x_1\right\}}{n}\)

\(\le Max\left\{x_1;x_2;x_3;.....;x_n\right\}^{đpcm}\)