1 If he doesn't smoke too much, he can get rid of his cough

2 If she isn't shy, she will enjoy the party

3 If I get a work permit, I will stay for another month

4 If he pays me tonight, I will have enough money to buy a car

5 If you are impatient, you will make mistakes

1. If he didn't smoke too much, perhaps he would be able to get rid of his cough.
2. If she wasn't very shy, she would enjoy the party.
3. If I get a work permit, I will stay for another month.
4. If he pays me tonight, I will have enough money to buy a car.
5. If you aren't impatient, you won't make mistakes.

1. Plastic food packaging causes plastic pollution. Food packaging can't be eaten.

(Bao bì thực phẩm bằng nhựa gây ô nhiễm nhựa. Bao bì thực phẩm không thể ăn được.)

If-clause first: If food packaging could be eaten, we would reduce plastic pollution.

(Nếu có thể ăn được bao bì thực phẩm, chúng ta sẽ giảm thiểu ô nhiễm nhựa.)

If-clause last: We would reduce plastic pollution if food packaging could be eaten.

(Chúng ta sẽ giảm ô nhiễm nhựa nếu có thể ăn được bao bì thực phẩm.)

2. We can't compost plastic. Plastic ends up in landfills and oceans.

(Chúng tôi không thể ủ nhựa. Nhựa cuối cùng ở trong các bãi rác và đại dương.)

If-clause first: If we can’t compost plastic, it will end up in landfills and oceans.

(Nếu chúng ta không thể ủ nhựa, cuối cùng nó sẽ ở các bãi rác và đại dương.)

If-clause last: If we couldn’t compost plastic, it would end up in landfills and oceans.

(Nếu chúng ta không thể ủ nhựa, nó sẽ kết thúc ở các bãi rác và đại dương.)

3. We use lots of energy and water to grow food. Scientists can't make food in their labs yet.

(Chúng ta sử dụng nhiều năng lượng và nước để trồng thực phẩm. Các nhà khoa học chưa thể tạo ra thực phẩm trong phòng thí nghiệm của họ.)

If-clause first: If scientists could make food in their labs, we wouldn't use lots of energy and water to grow food.

(Nếu các nhà khoa học có thể tạo ra thực phẩm trong phòng thí nghiệm của họ, chúng ta sẽ không sử dụng nhiều năng lượng và nước để trồng thực phẩm.)

If-clause last: We wouldn't use lots of energy and water to grow food if scientists could make food in their labs.

(Chúng ta sẽ không sử dụng nhiều năng lượng và nước để trồng thực phẩm nếu các nhà khoa học có thể tạo ra thực phẩm trong phòng thí nghiệm của họ.)

4. We use lots of plastic. There's lots of trash.

(Chúng ta sử dụng rất nhiều nhựa. Có rất nhiều rác.)

If-clause first: If we use less plastic, there will be less trash.

(Nếu chúng ta sử dụng ít nhựa hơn, sẽ có ít rác hơn.)

If-clause last: There will be less trash if we use less plastic.

(Sẽ có ít rác hơn nếu chúng ta sử dụng ít nhựa hơn.)

1, He can't go uot because he has to study for his exam.

=> If he doesn't have to study for his exam, he can go out

2, She has lazy so she can't pass the exam.

=> If she has hard, she can pass the exam.

3, he will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.

=> If he doesn't pay me tonight; I willnot have enough money to buy a car.

4, He smokes too much; that's why he can't get rid of his cough.

=> If He doesn't smoke too much, he can get rid of his cough.

5, She is very shy, so she doesn't enjoy the party.

=> If she is confident,  she will enjoy the party.

6, I will get work permit. I will stay for another month.

=> If I donot get work permit, I willnot stay for another month.

7, He doesn't take any exercise. He is so unhealthy.

=> If he take any exercise, He will so healthy.

8, We can't get the ket because i don't have money.

=> If I have money,  We can get the ket

9, Study hard or you won't pass the exam.

=> If you don't study hard , you won't pass the exam

10, Don't be impatient or you will make mistakes.

=> If you are impatient ,  will make mistakes.

1. The EU corridors are like a Tower of Babel due to the high number of languages spoken there.

If.The EU corridors were like a Tower of Babel,  the high number of languages would speak there,

2. The English is the language of trade and diplomacy. That's why it is considered nowadays lingua franca.

If The English were the language of trade and diplomacy, it would be considered nowadays lingua franca

3. Minority languages aren't politically tolerated. That's why they are in jeopardy.

If.Minority languages were't politically tolerated,they would bein jeopardy.

1. The EU corridors are like a Tower of Babel due to the high number of languages spoken there.

If..........................................................................................................................

2. The English is the language of trade and diplomacy. That's why it is considered nowadays lingua franca.

If.........................................................................................................................

3. Minority languages aren't politically tolerated. That's why they are in jeopardy.

If............................................................................................................................

1 If I knew anything about her background, I could tell you

2 If she weren't too shy, she would have many friends

3 If people didn't use so many cars in the city, there wouldn't be so much pollution

4 If I felt well, I would go out with you tonight

5 If you didn't live so far away, we cwould visit you often

IX. rewrite these sentences using an '' If '' construction ( type 1 )

1. he smokes so much , perhaps that's why he can't get rid of his cough.

If he doesn't smoke so much, he can get rid of his cough.

2. She is very shy, that's why she doen't enjoy parties.

If she isn't shy, she will enjoy parties.

3. I haven't the right change so we can't get kets from the machine.

If I have the right change, we can get kets from the machine.

4.They speak French to her , not English, so her English doesn't improve .

If they speak English to her, her English will improve.

5. He doen't help me , possible because i never ask him for help.

If I ask him for help, he'll help me.

_^_Hoctot_^_~~~

1. If he smokes too much, he can't get rid of his cough.

2. If she is very shy, she won't enjoy the parties.

3. If I don't have the rich change, we can't get the kets from the machine.

4. If they speak French to her, her English won't improve.

5. If I never ask him for help, he won't help me.

1. The children can't go swimming because the sea is rough. 
=> If  the sea weren't rough, the children could go swimming
2. John is fat because he eats so many chips 
=> If John didn't eat so many chips, he wouldn't be fat
3. They are poor, so they can't help us
=> If they weren't poor, they could help us
4. Mary is shy, so she doesn't enjoy parties
=> If Mary weren't shy, she would enjoy parties
5. I haven't got a key. That's why I can't get in 
=> If I had got a key, I could get in
6. It's raining, so we can't have lunch in the garden
=> If it weren't raining, we could have lunch in the garden
6. I don't know anything about him, so I can't tell you 
=> If I knew something about him, I could tell you
7. She doesn't take any exercise, so she is overweight 
=> If  she took some exercise, she wouldn't be overweight
8. I am bad at English. That's why I can't do homework
=> If I weren't bad at English, I could do homework
9. He doesn't practise speaking French, so he doesn't speak it fluently 
=> If he practised speaking French, he would speak it fluently

-Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả điều không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

-Cấu trúc: If+S+V(quá khứ đơn), S+would/could/might+ V

1. I really like  swimming– especially in the sea.

(keen)…… I am keen on swimming– especially in the sea.………………………………………

(hobby)………My hobby is swimming– especially in the sea ………………………………….

2. She is interested in listening to music.

(enjoy) ……She enjoys listening to music.………………………………………

(hobby) …Her hobby is listening to music.………………………………………..

3. My dad’s hobby is writing poems.

(fond) …My dad is fond of writing poems.…………………………………………

(love) ……My dad loves writing poems.………………………………………

4. They are keen on playing chess.

(hobby) …Their hobby is playing chess………………………………………..

(like) ……They like playing chess……………………………………..

5. Ann and Kim love making models.

(hobby) …Ann and Kim's hobby is making models………………………………………..

(interested) ……Ann and Kim are interested in making models………………………………….