Bài 1:

a, PT: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{31}{62}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{27}{18}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}< \dfrac{1,5}{1}\), ta được H₂O dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=1.40=40\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O\left(pư\right)}=n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O\left(dư\right)}=1,5-0,5=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O\left(dư\right)}=1.18=18\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

a, PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\), ta được CH₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{CH_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,075=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4\left(dư\right)}=0,025.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ m _{sản phẩm} = m_CO2 + m_H2O = 0,075.44 + 0,15.18 = 6 (g)

a) 2H₂ + O₂ --t^o--> 2H₂O

b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2H₂ + O₂ --t^o--> 2H₂O

            0,1-->0,05------>0,1

=> m_H2O = 0,1.18 = 1,8 (g)

c) \(n_{O_2\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)>n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

=> O₂ dư

n_O2(dư) = 0,06 - 0,05 = 0,01 (mol)

V_O2(dư) = 0,01.22,4 = 0,224 (l)

Bài 1:

\(a,2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)

b, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{32}=0,035mol\)

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1mol\)

\(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{0,035}{1}\) => Cu dư, O₂ đủ

\(n_{Cu}\left(dư\right)=0,1-0,07=0,039\left(mol\right)\)

c, \(m_{CuO}=0,07.80=5,6g\)

Bài 2:

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5mol\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,67}{32}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

\(\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,21}{3}\) => Al dư, O₂ đủ

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,21=0,14\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,14.102=14,28g\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2H₂ + O₂ --t^o--> 2H₂O

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}< \dfrac{0,45}{1}\) => H₂ hết, O₂ dư

PTHH: 2H₂ + O₂ --t^o--> 2H₂O

           0,5-->0,25----->0,5

=> \(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,45-0,25\right).32=6,4\left(g\right)\)

b) \(m_{H_2O}=0,5.18=9\left(g\right)\)

c) 

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

            0,5<-----------------------------------0,25

=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.158=79\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12.6}{56}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4.2}{22.4}=0.1875\left(mol\right)\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)

\(3.........2\)

\(0.225......0.1875\)

Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.225}{3}< \dfrac{0.1875}{2}\Rightarrow O_2dư\)

\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.1875-0.225\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\cdot32=1.2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.225}{3}\cdot232=17.4\left(g\right)\)

a, \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2MgO\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{MgO}=0,025\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,025.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)

b, Có lẽ đề cho oxi tác dụng với hidro chứ không phải oxit bạn nhỉ?

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{2}>\dfrac{0,025}{1}\), ta được H₂ dư.

THeo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=2n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,05.18=0,9\left(g\right)\)

nO2 = 3,36 : 22,4 = 0,15 (mol) 
pthh : 2Mg + O2 -t--> 2MgO
         0,3<----0,15---> 0,3 (mol) 
=> mMg= 0,3 . 24 = 7,2 (g) 
=> mMgO = 0,3 . 40 =12 (g) 
pthh : 2KMnO4 -t--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 
           0,3<-------------------------------------0,15 (mol) 
=> mKMnO4 = 0,3 . 158 = 47,4 (g) 

Đáp án:

VO2=22,4 (l); VCO2=11,2 (l)��2=22,4 (�); ���2=11,2 (�)

Giải thích các bước giải:

Ta có:

a) n Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1(mol) ; n HCl = 10,95/36,5 = 0,3(mol)

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Ta thấy : 

n Fe / 1 = 0,1 < n HCl / 2 = 0,3/2 = 0,15 nên HCl dư

Theo PTHH : n HCl pư = 2n Fe = 0,2(mol)

Suy ra: m HCl dư = 10,95 - 0,2.36,5 = 3,65(gam)

b)

Theo PTHH : n FeCl2 = n H2 = n Fe = 0,1(mol)

m FeCl2 = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (gam)

m H2 = 0,1.2 = 0,2(gam)

c)

$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$

n Cu = n H2 = 0,1(mol)

m Cu = 0,1.64 = 6,4(gam)