Đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+m2\pi\\x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{4}+n\pi\end{matrix}\right.\left(m,n\in Z\right)\)

PT \(\Leftrightarrow1=2\sqrt{2}sinx.cosx\left(sinx-cosx\right)+2cos^2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}.2sinx.cosx\left(sinx-cosx\right)+\left(2cos^2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin2x\left(sinx-cosx\right)+\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(cosx+sinx\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin2x=sinx+cosx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin2x=\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\2x=\pi-x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\left(k\in Z\right)\)

\(I=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\left(1+cosx+x.cosx\right)e^{sinx}dx=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0e^{sinx}dx+\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\left(x+1\right).cosx.e^{sinx}dx=I_1+I_2\)

Xét \(I_2\), đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+1\\dv=cosx.e^{sinx}dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=e^{sinx}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I_2=\left(x+1\right).e^{sinx}|^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0-\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0e^{sinx}dx=\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}+1\right)e-1-I_1\)

\(\Rightarrow I=I_1+\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}+1\right)e-1-I_1=\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}+1\right)e-1\)

a ) \(2cosx-3sinx+2=0\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx-3sinx=-2\)  

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}cosx-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13}}sinx=-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}\) 

Thấy : \(\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{13}}\right)^2=1\) nên tồn tại \(\alpha\) t/m : 

\(sin\alpha=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}};cos\alpha=\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{13}}\) . . Khi đó : \(sin\alpha.cosx+cos\alpha.sinx=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{13}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(\alpha+x\right)=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{13}}\) ( p/t cơ bản ) 

b ) \(\dfrac{1+sinx}{1+cosx}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ( ĐK : \(cosx\ne-1\Leftrightarrow x\ne\left(2k+1\right)\pi\) ; ( k thuộc Z )  ) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2+2sinx=cosx+1\) \(\Leftrightarrow cosx-2sinx=1\) 

Làm giống như a )  

c ) \(cos\left(2x-15^o\right)+sin\left(2x-15^o\right)=-1\)  

Đặt \(t=2x-15^o\) ; ta có : \(cos t + sin t = -1\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(t+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1\) \(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(t+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=sin\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)  

Xong rồi bn làm tiếp ; chú ý đổi ra độ 

\(\dfrac{d}{dx}\left(f\left(x\right)\right)\equiv f'\left(x\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1}{sinx}dx=\dfrac{sinx}{sin^2x}dx=\dfrac{sinx}{1-cos^2x}dx=\dfrac{d\left(cosx\right)}{cos^2x-1}\)

Lời giải:

Ta có:

\(I=\int (\sin x)^{2016}\cos (2018x)dx=\int (\sin x)^{2016}\cos (2017x+x)dx\)

\(=\int \sin ^{2016}x\cos (2017x)\cos xdx-\int \sin ^{2017}x\sin (2017x)dx\)

(Khai triển theo công thức lượng giác \(\cos (a+b)=\cos a\cos b-\sin a\sin b\) )

Thực hiện nguyên hàm từng phần:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\cos (2017x)\\ dv=\sin ^{2016}x\cos xdx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=-2017\sin (2017x)dx\\ v=\int \sin ^{2016}x\cos xdx=\int \sin ^{2016}xd(\sin x)=\frac{\sin ^{2017}x}{2017}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \int \sin ^{2016}x\cos (2017x)\cos xdx=\frac{\sin ^{2017}x\cos (2017x)}{2017}+\int \sin ^{2017}x\sin (2017x)dx \)

Suy ra:

\(I=\frac{\sin ^{2017}x\cos (2017x)}{2017}+\int \sin ^{2017}x\cos (2017x)dx-\int \sin ^{2017}x\cos (2017x)dx\)

\(=\frac{\sin ^{2017}x\cos (2017x)}{2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow \int ^{a}_{0}\sin ^{2016}x\cos (2018x)dx=\frac{\sin ^{2017}a\cos (2017a)}{2017}\)

Cảm ơn Hương Trà