a: HB=4,5(cm)

BC=12,5(cm)

b: \(\widehat{B}=37^0\)

Ta có: \(AB^2+HC^2=\left(AA'^2+A'B^2\right)+\left(A'H^2+A'C^2\right)\)

\(=\left(AA'^2+A'C^2\right)+\left(A'B^2+A'H^2\right)=AC^2+HB^2\)

Lại có: \(BC^2+HA^2=\left(BB'^2+B'C^2\right)+\left(B'H^2+B'A^2\right)\)

\(=\left(BB'^2+B'A^2\right)+\left(B'C^2+B'H^2\right)=AB^2+HC^2\)

\(\Rightarrow AB^2+HC^2=AC^2+HB^2=BC^2+HA^2\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}}+\dfrac{2b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right)\left(\dfrac{a-b}{\sqrt{a^3}+\sqrt{b^3}+\sqrt{a^2b}+\sqrt{ab^2}}\right)\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\dfrac{2b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{a-b}{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a-b+2b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{a-b}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)

=1

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^4-4x^2-4xy+y^2+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(16x^4-8x^2+1\right)+\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-1\right)^2+\left(2x-y\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2-1=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2};-1\right);\left(\dfrac{1}{2};1\right)\)