\(\sqrt{2021^2+2022^2+2021^2.2022^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2021^2+\left(2021+1\right)^2+\left(2021.2022\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2021^2+2021^2+2.2021+1+\left(2021.2022\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2.2021.2022+1+\left(2021.2022\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(2021.2022+1\right)^2}\)

\(=2021.2022+1\) là 1 số nguyên (đpcm)

Lời giải:

Gọi vế trái là $A$

$2A=\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{2}{6^2}+...+\frac{2}{2022^2}$

Xét số hạng tổng quát:

$\frac{2}{n^2}$. Ta sẽ cm $\frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{1}{(n-1)n}+\frac{1}{n(n+1)}(*)$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{n+1+n-1}{n(n-1)(n+1)}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{2}{(n-1)(n+1)}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{2}{n^2-1}$ (luôn đúng)

Thay $n=2,4,...., 2022$ vào $(*)$ ta có:

$\frac{2}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}$

$\frac{2}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}$

.......

Suy ra: $2A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{2022.2023}$

$2A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}$

$2A< 1-\frac{1}{2023}< 1$

$\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}$

\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)

\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)

\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)