a) Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 65a + 56b = 7,35 (1)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

           a---->2a------->a------>a

             Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

             b------>2b----->b------>b

=> \(a+b=\dfrac{2,688}{22,4}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

=> a + b = 0,12 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,07; b = 0,05

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,07.65}{7,35}.100\%=61,9\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,05.56}{7,35}.100\%=38,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) n_HCl(dư) = 0,3.1 - 0,07.2 - 0,05.2 = 0,06 (mol)

PTHH: Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl --> CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

             0,03<-----0,06

=> \(x=C_{M\left(ddCa\left(OH\right)_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,1}=0,3M\)

c) Chất rắn thu được là Fe₂O₃

Bảo toàn Fe: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(a=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,025.160=4\left(g\right)\)

Kết tủa thu được là Fe(OH)₂

Bảo toàn Fe: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05.90=4,5\left(g\right)\)

\(a) m_{Cu} = 9,6(gam)\\ n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 16,55 -9,6 =6,95(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{3,92}{22,4} = 0,175(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,05 ; b = 0,1\\ m_{Al} = 0,05.27 = 1,35(gam); n_{Fe} = 0,1.56 = 5,6(gam)\)

\(b) n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,175.2 = 0,35(mol) \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,35.36,5 = 12,775(gam)\)

\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,576}{22,4}=0,115\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95a+133,5b=10,475\\a+1,5b=0,115\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,04.24}{0,04.24+0,05.27}.100\approx41,558\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx58,442\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,115=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,23.36,5}{100}.100=8,395\%\)

a) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 24a + 56b = 11,84

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.14\%}{36,5}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            a--->2a--------->a----->a

           Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

            b-->2b-------->b------>b

=> 2a + 2b = 0,56

=> a = 0,12; b = 0,16

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,12.24}{11,84}.100\%=24,324\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{0,16.56}{11,84}.100\%=75,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_{H_2}=a+b=0,28\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,28.22,4=6,272\left(l\right)\)

c) m_{dd sau pư} = 11,84 + 146 - 0,28.2 = 157,28 (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,12.95}{157,28}.100\%=7,25\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,16.127}{157,28}.100\%=12,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 65a + 56b = 8,56 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

           a--->2a-------->a----->a

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           b----->2b------->b------>b

=> a + b = 0,14 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,08; b = 0,06 

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,08.65}{8,56}.100\%=60,748\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,06.56}{8,56}.100\%=39,252\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

n_KOH = 0,2.0,1 = 0,02 (mol)

PTHH: KOH + HCl --> KCl + H₂O

           0,02-->0,02

=> n_HCl = 0,02 + 2a + 2b = 0,3 (mol)

=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=xM=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=2M\)

c) m = 0,08.136 + 0,06.127 = 18,5(g)

a) \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

          0,05<-----------0,05---->0,075

=> \(\%Al=\dfrac{0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=9,54\%\)

=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=90,46\%\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

          0,05->0,0375

           2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO 

            0,2-->0,1

=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,0375\right).22,4=3,08\left(l\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ m_{AlCl_3}=6,675\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_A=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right);m_{Cu}=14,15-1,35=12,8\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{14,15}.100\approx90,459\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx9,541\%\\ b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}.n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,05+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,0875\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,0875.22,4=1,96\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2|\)

             2             2             2                 2              3

           0,2           0,2                                             0,3

            \(Al_2O_3+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+H_2O|\)

                1              2                  2              1

               0,1          0,2

b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al2O3}=15,6-5,4=10,2\left(g\right)\)

c) Có : \(m_{Al2O3}=10,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)

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