\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+24b=10.16\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.13,b=0.12\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.13\cdot56=7.28\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.12\cdot24=2.88\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.25=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=t\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=r\left(mol\right)\\ \left(t,r>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27t+56r=8,3\\1,5t+r=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=0,1\\r=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right);m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddFeCl_2}=127.0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=300.1,15=345\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=8,3+345-0,25.2=352,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,25.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{352,8}.100\approx1,035\%\\ C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{352,8}.100\approx3,784\%\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{12,7}{352,8}.100\approx3,6\%\)

$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$

$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)$

$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$

$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{9,45}.100\%\approx 42,86\%$

$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%$

$b)$ Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)$

$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,45.110\%}{0,5}=0,99M$

a) Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 65a + 56b = 8,56 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

           a--->2a-------->a----->a

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           b----->2b------->b------>b

=> a + b = 0,14 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,08; b = 0,06 

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,08.65}{8,56}.100\%=60,748\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,06.56}{8,56}.100\%=39,252\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

n_KOH = 0,2.0,1 = 0,02 (mol)

PTHH: KOH + HCl --> KCl + H₂O

           0,02-->0,02

=> n_HCl = 0,02 + 2a + 2b = 0,3 (mol)

=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=xM=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=2M\)

c) m = 0,08.136 + 0,06.127 = 18,5(g)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

m_Cu = m_Y = 9,6 (g)

Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b

=> 27a + 24b = 14,7 - 9,6 = 5,1 (g)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            a-->3a-------->a------>1,5a 

            Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            b--->2b------->b----->b

=> 1,5a + b = 0,25

=> a = 0,1; b = 0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) n_HCl(PTHH) = 3a + 2b = 0,5 (mol)

=> n_{HCl(thực tế)} = \(\dfrac{0,5.120}{100}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(HCldư\right)}=\dfrac{0,6-0,5}{0,2}=0,5M\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9,6}{64}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Cu+Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuCl_2\)

         0,15-->0,15

=> \(V_{Cl_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)