3x²-3xy-y-5x=-20

=>3x(x-y)-y-5x=-20

=>3x(x-y)+x-y-6x=-20

=>3x(x-y)+(x-y)-6x=-20

=>(x-y)(3x+1)-6x=-20

=>(x-y)(3x+1)-6x-2=-22

=>(x-y)(3x+1)-(6x+2)=-22

=>(x-y)(3x+1)-2(3x+1)=-22

=>(3x+1)(x-y-2)=-22

Ta có bảng sau

Vậy ta có 2 bộ (x,y) là (0;-20) và (7;6)

thank you ket ban ko

Đáp án:

Giải thích các bước giải:

Ta có:

$2x^2+3x+2$

$=2(x^2+\frac{3}{2}x+1)$

$=2(x^2+2.x.\frac{3}{4}+\frac{9}{16}+\frac{7}{16})$

$=2[{(x+\frac{3}{4})}^2+\frac{7}{16}]$

$=2{(x+\frac{3}{4})}^2+\frac{7}{8}$

Nhận xét:

$2{(x+\frac{3}{4})}^2\ge 0$ $\forall$$x$

$\Rightarrow 2{(x+\frac{3}{4})}^2+\frac{7}{8}>0$ $\forall$$x$

Mà $x^3+2x^2+3x+2=y^3$

Nên: $x^3<y^3$

Giả sử: $y^3<{(x+2)}^3$

$\iff x^3+2x^2+3x+2<x^3+6x^2+12x+8$

$\iff -4x^2-9x-6<0$

$\iff -(4x^2+9x+6)<0$

$\iff 4x^2+9x+6>0$

$\iff 4(x^2+\frac{9}{4}x+\frac{81}{64})+\frac{15}{16}>0$

$\iff 4(x^2+2.x.\frac{9}{8}+\frac{81}{64})+\frac{15}{16}>0$

$\iff 4{(x+\frac{9}{8})}^2+\frac{15}{16}>0$ (luôn đúng)

Vậy điều giả sử đúng hay $y^3<{(x+2)}^3$

Mà: $x^3<y^3$

Nên: $x^3<y^3<{(x+2)}^3$

Mà $y^3$ là lập phương của $1$ số nguyên, giữa $x^3$ và ${(x+2)}^3$ chỉ có duy nhất $1$ lập phương của số nguyên là ${(x+1)}^3$

Nên: $y^3={(x+1)}^3$

$\iff x^3+2x^2+3x+2=x^3+3x^2+3x+1$

$\iff -x^2+1=0$

$\iff 1-x^2=0$

$\iff (1-x)(1+x)=0$

$\iff$ $[\begin{array}{c}1-x=0\\ 1+x=0\end{array}$

$\iff$ $[\begin{array}{c}x=1\\ x=-1\end{array}$

$+)x=1$ thì $y^3=1+2+3+2=8$

<=> y=2`

$+)x=-1$ thì $y^3=-1+2-3+2=0$

$\iff y=0$

Vậy $(x,y)=(1,2);(-1,0)$

\(x^3+2x^2+3x+2=y^3\left(1\right)\)

- Nếu \(x=0\Leftrightarrow y^3=2\) không tồn tại y nguyên

- Nếu \(x\ne0\Rightarrow x^2\ge1\Rightarrow x^2-1\ge0\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow y^3=x^3+2x^2+3x+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^3=x^3+3x^2+3x+1-\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(x^2-1\right)\le\left(x+1\right)^3\left(2\right)\)

Ta lại có 

\(y^3=x^3+2x^2+3x+2=x^3+\left[2\left(x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+2-\dfrac{9}{8}\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3=x^3+\left[2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}\right]\)

mà \(\left[2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}\right]>0\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3< x^3\left(3\right)\)

\(\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Rightarrow x^3< y^3\le\left(x+1\right)^3\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3\)

\(\left(2\right)\Rightarrow x^2-1=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=1;x=-1\)

Nếu \(x=-1\Rightarrow y=0\)

Nếu \(x=1\Rightarrow y=2\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;0\right);\left(1;2\right)\right\}\) thỏa mãn đề bài

x² - xy + 3x - y = 5

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x(x - y) + x - y + 2x = 5

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x - y)(x + 1) + 2x + 2 = 7

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x - y)(x + 1) + 2(x + 1) = 7

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x - y + 2)(x + 1) = 7

Vì x, y \(\in\) Z nên (x - y + 2)(x + 1) \(\in\) Z

Xét các TH:

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+2=7\\x+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2-y=7\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) (TM)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+2=-7\\x+1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2-y+2=-7\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\) (TM)

TH3: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+2=1\\x+1=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-y+2=1\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\) (TM)

TH4: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+2=-1\\x+1=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-8-y+2=-1\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-8\\y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) (TM)

Vậy ...

Chúc bn học tốt!

\(x^2-2xy-3y^2=3x-y+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy-3x-3y^2+y-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x\left(2y+3\right)-3y^2+y-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x\left(2y+3\right)+\left(2y+3\right)^2-\left(2y+3\right)^2-12y^2+4y-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2y-3\right)^2-4y^2-12y-9-12y^2+4y-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2y-3\right)^2-16y^2-8y-17=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2y-3\right)^2-\left(16y^2+8y+1\right)=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2y-3\right)^2-\left(4y+1\right)^2=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-6y-4\right)\left(2x+2y-2\right)=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y-2\right)\left(x+y-2\right)=4\)

Đến đây bn tự giải nha