a: =>8x+2y=4 và 8x+3y=5

=>y=1 và 4x=2-1=1

=>x=1/4 và y=1

b: 3x-2y=11 và 4x-5y=3

=>12x-8y=44 và 12x-15y=9

=>7y=35 và 3x-2y=11

=>y=5 và 3x=11+2*y=11+2*5=21

=>x=7 và y=5

c: 5x-4y=3 và 2x+y=4

=>5x-4y=3 và 8x+4y=16

=>13x=19 và 2x+y=4

=>x=19/13 và y=4-2x=4-38/13=52/13-38/13=14/13

d: 3x-y=5 và 5x+2y=28

=>6x-2y=10 và 5x+2y=28

=>11x=38 và 3x-y=5

=>x=38/11 và y=3x-5=104/11-5=104/11-55/11=49/11

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x+2y=3\\3x+y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3x+6y=9\\3x+y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7y=8\\-x+2y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{8}{7}\\-x=3-2y=3-2\cdot\dfrac{8}{7}=\dfrac{5}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{5}{7}\\y=\dfrac{8}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{5}{7}\\y=\dfrac{8}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2\sqrt{3}\cdot y=1\\\sqrt{3}x+2y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{3}x+6y=\sqrt{3}\\2\sqrt{3}x+4y=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y=\sqrt{3}+10\\\sqrt{3}x+2y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+10}{2}\\x\sqrt{3}+2\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+10}{2}=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+10}{2}\\x\sqrt{3}=-5-\sqrt{3}-10=-15-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1-5\sqrt{3}\\y=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+10}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1-5\sqrt{3}\\y=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+10}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\\6x+2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.-6x+12y=18}\)

Xem lại giúp tớ dấu căn ở câu c và d nhé.  

\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+5\\2y+10+y=11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{16}{3}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=1-2y\\1-2y+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\3y+6+2y=11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x+7y=-1\\-\dfrac{4}{3}x-2y=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}98x+14y=-2\\-\dfrac{28}{3}x-14y=\dfrac{28}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{266}{3}x=\dfrac{22}{3}\\49x+7y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{133}\\49\cdot\dfrac{11}{133}+7y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{133}\\7y=-1-\dfrac{77}{19}=-\dfrac{96}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)

hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{133}\\y=-\dfrac{96}{133}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{133}\\y=-\dfrac{96}{133}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+3y=13\\5x-3y=-31\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9x=-18\\4x+3y=13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\3y=13-4x=13-4\cdot\left(-2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\3y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2}x-y=3\\x+\sqrt{2}y=\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2}x-y=3\\\sqrt{2}x+2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3y=1\\x+\sqrt{2}y=\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{3}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-2y=\dfrac{3}{4}\\2x+\dfrac{y}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-8y=3\\2x+\dfrac{1}{3}y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{25}{3}y=\dfrac{10}{3}\\2x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{2}{5}\\2x=3+8y=3+8\cdot\dfrac{-2}{5}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{10}\\y=-\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{10}\\y=-\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x-3y}{4}-\dfrac{x+y-1}{5}=2x-y-1\\\dfrac{x+y-1}{3}+\dfrac{4x-y-2}{4}=\dfrac{2x-y-3}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5\left(2x-3y\right)}{20}-\dfrac{4\left(x+y-1\right)}{20}=\dfrac{20\left(2x-y-1\right)}{20}\\\dfrac{4\left(x+y-1\right)}{12}+\dfrac{3\left(4x-y-2\right)}{12}=\dfrac{2\left(2x-y-3\right)}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-15y-4x-4y+4=40x-20y-20\\4x+4y-4+12x-3y-6=4x-2y-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-19y+4-40x+20y+20=0\\16x+y-10-4x+2y+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-34x+y=-24\\12x+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-102x+3y=-72\\12x+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-114x=-76\\12x+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\12\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\3y=4-8=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+y=4\\-5x-y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+y=4\\5x+y-5x-y=4-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+y=4\\0=0\left(luôn.đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

vậy hệ phương trình có vô số nghiệm

Có \(\dfrac{5}{-5}=\dfrac{1}{-1}=\dfrac{4}{-4}\)

Vậy hệ vô số nghiệm

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5y=10\\-2x-5y=-12\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5y=10\\2x+5y-2x-5y=10-12\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5y=10\\0=-2\left(vô.lí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

vậy hệ phương trình vô nghiệm

Có \(\dfrac{2}{-2}=\dfrac{5}{-5}\ne\dfrac{10}{-12}\) nên hệ vô nghiệm (sách giáo khoa)