Exercise: Put because/ since/ as or Because of/ due to/ owing to/ on account of/ as a result of: It was difficult to deliver the letter ……………………………the wrong address. ………………….there is an oil shortage.We have to cut down on our driving Rescue attempts were temporarily stopped ………………………..the bad weather. They visited their friends often …………………….they enjoyed their company. ………………his illness.Paul could not go to the football game Marcella was awarded a scholarship…………………………her superior ability. Nobody ventured outdoors ……………………………the hurricane warnings. ……………. the air is purer there.We plan to spend our vacation in the mountains We have to drive around the bay ……………..the bridge was destroyed in the storm. The chickens have died …………………the intense heat.

2. No cars are as modern as this one.

=> This car is…………………………………………………………..

3. I haven’t made this kind of cake before.

=> This is the …………………………………………………………

4. Although the weather is bad, they still continue to play football.

=> In spite…………………………………………………………….

5. She started to learn English 6 years ago.

=> She hasn’t ………………………………………………………

6. Running around the lake in the morning is very interesting.

=> It is……………………………………………………………

7. Since he is lazy, he never gets good marks.

=> Because of……………………………………………………….

8. “ I didn’t do the English test well last week.” She said

=> She said that………………………………………………………

9. “ How long will you stay in Paris?” she said to me

=> She wanted …………………………………………………………

10. My computer is more expensive than hers

=> Her computer isn’t ………………………………………………

11. What about planting some more flowers ?

=> Why don’t ……………………………………………………?

12. She hasn’t used this bike for 6 months.

=> It is 6…………………………………………………………….

13. “ Does your brother play the piano?” Lan said to me

=> Lan asked  me……………………………………………………

14. The bike is too old for me to ride.

=> It is such………………………………………………………..

15. I want to learn English. I want to find a good job.

=> I want to learn English in order…………………………………

16. How far is it from here to Dong Xuan market?

=> What’s the………………………………………………………?

17. She used to write very badly when she was a student.

=> She doesn’t ………………………………………………………

18. She prefers playing the piano than reading books.

=> She would rather …………………………………………………

19. My mother is cleaning all the windows now.

=> All the windows…………………………………………………

Rewrite the sentences with the word given.

1. Although he has a very important job, he isn’t particularly well-paid.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................

2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................

3. She wasn’t wearing the coat although it was quite cold.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................

4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party although we don’t like them very much.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................

5. Although I didn’t speak the language, I managed to make myself understand.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................

6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn’t warm.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................

7. I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................

8. We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................

9. Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................

10. Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until 9 o’clock.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................

11. Although the salary was low, he accepted the job.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................

12. In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends.

=> Though ......................................................................................................................................................................................

13. In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner.

=> Although ..................................................................................................................................................................................

14. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.

=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................

15. In spite of his hard work, Ba he failed his exam.

=> Though .................................................................................................................................................................

Rewrite the sentences with the word given.

1.  Although he has a very important job, he isn’t particularly well-paid.

=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................

2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph.

=> Despite ..................................................................................................................................

3. She wasn’t wearing the coat although it was quite cold.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................

4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party although we don’t like them very much.

=> Despite ........................................................................................................................................

5. Although I didn’t speak the language, I managed to make myself understand.

=>In spite of ............................................................................................................................................

6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn’t warm.

=> Despite ...................................................................................................................................................

7. I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before.

=>In spite of .....................................................................................................................................

8. We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time.

=> Despite ...............................................................................

9. Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting.

=>In spite of .......................................................................................................................................

10. Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until 9 o’clock.

=> Despite .............................................

11. Although the salary was low, he accepted the job.

=> Despite ..........................................................................................................................

12. In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends.

=> Though .........................................................................................................................

13. In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner.

=> No matter ..................................................................................................................................................

14. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.

=> Even though ........................................................................................................................

15. In spite of his hard work, Ba failed his exam.

=> Though ....................................................................................................

Choose the best answer: 1. We went out ………………………. the rain. (in spite of / however / although / because) 2. We went out ………………………. it rained. (in spite of / however / although / but) 3. She went on working …………… she was tired. (in spite of / however / although / because) 4. She went on working ……………… being tired. (in spite of / however / although / because) 5. …………………… she is beautiful and rich, I don’t like her. (despite / however / though / because) 6. I didn’t like the film. ……………………., everybody seemed to enjoy it. (despite / however / though / because) 7. I didn’t like the film ……………….. I turned the TV off and went to bed. (so / but / though / because) 8. The film was interesting …………………….. it was too long. (in spite of / however / although / but) 9. ……………………. I didn’t like the film, everybody seemed to enjoy it. (despite / however / though / because) 10. I went to work ……………………. I was ill. (despite / however / though / because) 11. I didn’t go to work ……………………. I was ill. (despite / however / though / because) 12. I couldn’t sleep …………………….. it was very noisy. (despite / however / though / because) 13. I slept ………………………….. the noise. (despite / however / though / because) 14. I slept ………………………….. it was noisy. (despite / however / though / because) II/ Rewrite the sentences: 1. He is fat because he doesn’t do exercise. (so) ( …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. I fell asleep because the film was boring. (so) ( …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. She works hard so she gets good marks (because) ( …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. This is the shortest way to the city but it isn’t the only way. (However) ( …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. Although she worked hard, she failed the exam. (but) ( She ………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. Although they are short, they still love playing sports. ( Despite …………………………….………………………………….………………… 7. Although she eats lots of food, she is still very slim. ( In spite of ……………………………..……………..………………………………….. 8. Although she is so young, she sings beautifully (young age) ( In spite of ……………………………..…………………………………….………….. 9. The children played football though it rained heavily. (despite) ( …………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. We went on a picnic though the weather was bad. (spite) ( ……………………………………………………………………………………………

Rewrite the following sentences:

1.I couldn’t do the test although it wasn’t difficult.                         

In spite of ……………………………………….……………………………..…

2.Although he got up early, he was late for the first train.               

In spite of ……………………………………….……………………………..…

3.Although English grammar is difficult, we like to study it.           

Despite ……………………………………………….………………..……

4.Although he is an excellent doctor, he can’t cure lever cancer.     

Despite ………………………………………………………….…………

5.Although my friend doesn’t have enough money, she wants to buy that new car.    

Despite ………………………………………………………….……..….…

6.Although Mai didn’t speak English well, she decided to live in London

In spite of……………………………….………………………………….…...

7.Although he is sick, he goes to school.                                

In spite of ………………………………………………………………………

8.Although Lan was tired, she did all her homework carefully.   

Despite …………………………………………………….……………………

9.Everybody has a great regard for her despite her poverty.           

Although …………………………………………………..……………………

10.They worked very hard although they were old.                                  

In spite of ……………………………………………………………………...

11.Peter didn’t go to school yesterday because he was sick.           

Because of ……………………………………….……………………………

12.Mary went to bed early because she felt tired.                          

  Because of ………………………………………………………………….…

13.She didn’t go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold.      

Because of ……………………………………………………………..…..……

14.John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard.                         

Because of…………………………………………………………………………

15.She stayed at home because her mother was sick.                      

Because of …………………………………………………………………….…

16.I like him because his father is kind to me.                        

Because of ………………………….………………………………….…………

17.I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.                   

Because of…………………………………………………………………….……

Rewrite the sentences with the word given.

1.  Although he has a very important job, he isn’t particularly well-paid.

=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................

2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph.

=> Despite ..................................................................................................................................

3. She wasn’t wearing the coat although it was quite cold.

=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................

4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party although we don’t like them very much.

=> Despite ........................................................................................................................................

5. Although I didn’t speak the language, I managed to make myself understand.

=>In spite of ............................................................................................................................................

6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn’t warm.

=> Despite ...................................................................................................................................................

7. I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before.

=>In spite of .....................................................................................................................................

8. We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time.

=> Despite ...............................................................................

9. Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting.

=>In spite of .......................................................................................................................................

10. Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until 9 o’clock.

=> Despite .............................................

11. Although the salary was low, he accepted the job.

=> Despite ..........................................................................................................................

12. In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends.

=> Though .........................................................................................................................

13. In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner.

=> No matter ..................................................................................................................................................

14. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.

=> Even though ........................................................................................................................

15. In spite of his hard work, Ba failed his exam.

=> Though ....................................................................................................

16. In spite of the heavy rain, we decided to go to see the match.

=> Although ..........................................................................................................................

17. Although they lost, the home team played very well.

=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................

18. Even though it was raining, I still went to school on time.

=>In spite of ..........................................................................................................................

Chuyển although thành in spite of, in spite of thành although trong những câu sau:

1. Although she is beautiful, everybody hates her

2. The children slept deeply in the spite of the noise.

3. In spite of earning a low salary, Marley helped her parents.

4. John rarely sees Tom although they are neighbors.

5. Mary did not do well in the exam in spite of working very hard

6. Although I was very hungy, I couldn't eat.

7. In spite of the difficulty, they managed to solve the maths problem.

8. Kate never talked to him although she loved him.

9. Although it was cold, Liza didn't put on her coat.

10. Marie did the work in spite of being ill.