❏ For question 1\(-\)6, read the three texts below and decide which answer (A, B, C, or, D) best fits each gap.

Stop anyone in the street and ask them to name a scientist, and the chances are they’ll think of Albert Einstein. His face is used to advertise products with intellectual (1) .... from computers to encyclopedias. Most people know little of what Einstein did, except that he developed some mysterious theories under the heading ‘relativity’, which are famous for being incomprehensible, and for coming up with bizarre predictions that (2) .... counter to everyday experience. Einstein was part of a gigantic (3) .... forward in scientific thinking, an intellectual revolution that (4) .... the birth of twentieth-century science. Physicists and mathematicians were trying to create a new, more rational description of the universe by studying relationships between matter and the forces of nature. Einstein (5) .... his profound and far-reaching contributions simply by looking again at the nature of the fundamentals: time, space, matter, and energy. Previous descriptions had depended on Isaac Newton’s view of a universe in which stars and planets moved in an absolute framework of space and time. Einstein (6) .... this notion, saying that time and space were not absolute but relative.

1, A. suppositions  B. connotations  C. assumptions  D. inferences

2, A. drive  B. fall  C. flow  D. run

3, A. flight  B. leap  C. dive  D. vault

4, A. ushered  B. notified  C. heralded  D. declared

5, A. gave  B. laid  C. offered  D. made

6, A. overthrew   B.  overtook  C. overwhelmed  D. overran

• For questions 1 - 7, read the three texts below and decide which answer (A, B, c, or D) best fits each gap.

This book began when I (1) ............. a suggestion to try my hand as a political journalist nine years ago. What makes this (2) .............  so wonderfully bearable is that unfashionable as it now is to say so, I'm rather fond of British Members of Parliament. They can be dreadfully silly, of course, and there are days when they irritate (3) ............. measure. Occasionally, even, comes a moment when an MP's speech or behavior (4) .............  genuine anger, goading me into an attempt at lofty (5) ............. But I always regret it. It rarely reads well the next day. There are other journalists to ride high horses and my mission, I think, is to remind readers that their MPs are often more (6) .............  than they are wicked and that, through the laughter, we may discern the outlines of arguments, ambitions, even principles. MPs are mostly human, rarely scaling the heights nor often touching the depths to (7) .............   the famous figures of history fly. Only a handful among them are of unusual intelligence but many are effective and most are hard-working.

1, A. agreeable B. approved       C. accepted     D. agreed

2, A. slavery       B. servitude     C. maid      D. charwoman

3, A. far off      B. yonder     C. further on    D. beyond

4, A. arouses       B. awake     C. set off        D. enkindle

5, A. condemnation   B. condemn     C. self-condemnation    D. admonition

6, A. ludicrous   B. ridiculous     C. laughable     D. outrageous

7, A. whichever   B. whose     C. whomsoever     D. which

• For questions 1–8, read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap.

Standardized shopping malls have become the new Main Streets of the USA according to one (1) ……….….……. on the subject. Along with antibiotics and personal computers, the shopping mall has been (2) ……….….……. as one of the top 50 wonders that have revolutionized the lives of people today. But shopping malls didn’t just happen out of the blue. The mall was originally (3) ……….….……. of as a community center where people would (4) ……….….……. for shopping, cultural activity, and social interaction. It is safe to (5) ……….….……. that the mall has achieved and surpassed those early expectations. The first enclosed mall was developed in a suburb of Minneapolis in 1956 and was designed to get the shopper out of the harsh weather. The phenomenal growth and development of shopping centers were a natural (6) ……….….……. of the migration of the population out from the cities and (7) ……….….……. the growth of the use of the automobile. The success and impact of the shopping mall may have something to do with their potential to (8) ……….….……. community life.

1, A. scholar     B. master     C. body     D. authority

2, A. put forward     B. set up     C. picked up     D. brought out

3, A. imagined     B. devised     C. conceived     D. formulated

4, A. cluster     B. converge     C. group     D. rally

5, A. say      B. tell      C. speak      D. remark

6, A. sequel      B. upshot     C. follow-up      D. consequence

7, A. corresponded      B. paralleled      C. correlated      D. equated

8, A. raise      B. magnify      C. enhance      D. heighten

·  For questions 1 – 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap.

The global recording industry has launched its largest wave of legal (1) _______ against people suspected of sharing music files on the internet. The latest move by the International Federation of the photographic Industry (IFPI) (2) _______ 2,100 alleged uploaders using peer-to-peer (P2P) networks in16 nations (3) ___________ the UK, France, Germany and Italy.

Thousands of people have agreed to pay compensation since the campaign began. In the US, civil lawsuits have been brought against more than 15,597 people (4) ______ September 2003 and there have been 3,590 settlements. 'This is a significant escalation of our enforcement actions against people who are uploading and distributing (5) _______ music on p2p networks,' said IFPI chief John Kennedy.

Thousands of people - mostly internet-savvy men in their 20s or 30s - have learned to their (6) ________ the legal and financial risks involved in file-sharing copyrighted music in large quantities.' Individual cases are generally brought by the national associations (7) ________ the recording industry, and in some cases by the labels, as civil complaints. The UK record industry has so far brought 97 cases, with an (8) ______ 65 covered by the latest action. More than 140,000 in compensation has been paid to the British Phonographic Industry by 71 individuals.

1.  A) action    B) activity     C) acting     D) acts

2.  A) aimed    B) targeted    C) directed     D) pointed

3.  A) such      B) with     C) including     D) throughout

4.  A) during     B) throughout     C) since      D) in

5.  A) copyrighted     B) registered      C) trademark      D) illegal

6.  A) benefit      B) charge     C) cost     D) fortune

7.  A) for      B) working     C) representing     D) inside

8.  A) newly      B) addition    C) further     D) another

Read the passage and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space

Read the text below and then decide which word, (A, B, C or D), best fits each space. Circle the correct
answer. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A NEW LOOK AT THE MIDDLE AGES
The Institute for Medieval Studies is holding a series of lectures to (0) __generate__ interest in a
period of history which is all too often(41)________. It is hoped that these lectures will (42)________
3
some of the misconceptions that (43)________ to this day about the long and eventful span of time
between the crowning of Charlemagne and Renaissance.
It is true that Europe was (44)________ by the plague in the latter part of the fourteenth century,
while the terrors of the Inquisition cast a grim (45)________ over the continent. Living conditions for the
majority of people were appalling by modern standards, and life expectancy was low. The peasants
suffered under a brutal feudal system and the (46)________ of learning was open only to the clergy and
the small minority who were literate.
However, these (47)________ negative aspects of medieval life cannot be properly evaluated unless
they are viewed in the broader (48)________. The Middle Ages saw the construction of the magnificent
cathedrals that (49)________ so many European cities and the (50)________ of a middle class. Many
institutions we think of as modern were a(n) (51)________ part of medieval life. Progress was being made
in science and technology, and artists were (52)________ styles that had a powerful and (53)________
influence on subsequent centuries.

• For questions 1−10, read the text below and then decide which answer best fits each gap.

                                                                                         HAVING A LAUGH

In one study conducted in 2016, samples of laughter from (1) _________ of English-speaking students (2) _________ at the University of California, Santa Cruz. A team made up of more than 30 (3) __________ scientists, anthropologists, and biologists then played these recordings to listeners from 24 (4) __________ societies, from indigenous tribes in New Guinea to city-dwellers in India and Europe. Participants were asked (5) __________ they thought the people laughing were friends or strangers. On average, the results were remarkably consistent: worldwide, people’s guesses were correct approximately 60% of the time.

  Researchers (6) __________ that different types of laughter serve as codes to complex human social hierarchies. A team led by Christopher Oveis from the University of California, San Diego, found that (7) __________ individuals had different laughs from low-status individuals and that strangers’ judgments of an individual’s social status (8) ____________ by the dominant or submissive quality of their laughter. In their study, 48 male college students (9) _____________  to groups of four, with each group (10) _____________ two low-status members, who had just joined their college fraternity group, and two high-status members, older students who had been active in the fraternity for at least two years.

1, A. couples          B. combines         C. put together         D. pairs

2, A. have recorded         B. recorded      C. were recorded          D. being recorded

3, A. intellectual        B. spiritual        C. psychological         D. physical

4, A. diverse          B. various        C. miscellaneous         D. disparate

5, A. that     B. whether     C. jeopardize        D. when

6, A. were further found     B. were found      C. had thus found      D. have also found

7, A. exalted      B. high-status    C. high-position    D. higher-reputation

8, A. were influenced      B. were affected     C. was being influenced    D. has been impacted

9, A. were eventually assigned    B. were randomly allocated     C. were randomly assigned 

10, A. inclusive of      B. comprised      C. incorporated       D. composed of

IV. READING COMPREHENSION (30 points)

Part 1: Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. (10 points)

                         The quality of life these days is something most of us take for (1) .................... . It takes some radically different experience to (2) .................... this fact home to people. In my (3) ...................., it was spending three weeks on a yacht with twelve other people, competing in a major sailing race. (4) .................... I was officially a guess, it was made clear to me from the start that there was to be no (5) .................... for passengers, and that I’d have to work as (6) .................... as others.

                        For the first (7) .................... nights, none of us was able to sleep for more than a couple of hours at a time before being rudely (8) .................... by an aggressive command. Then we’d do physically exhausting work in total darkness. I shared sleeping compartment with six (9) .................... women, with barely enough room to stretch  my legs.  Soon I found myself dreaming of my (10) .................... sheets back home, a hot chocolate and a warm bath.

           1.         A. given                             B. accepted                       C. granted                        D. admitted

           2.         A. bring                              B. push                               C. take                               D. fetch

           3.         A. example                       B. sample                           C. instance                       D. experience

           4.         A. Although                      B. Despite                         C. However                     D. In spite

           5.         A. position                        B. job                                  C. work                             D. room

           6.         A. hard                               B. hardly                             C. fastly                             D. good

           7.         A. a few                             B. few                                 C. a little                           D. little

           8.         A. got up                           B. woke up                       C. awoken                       D. getting up

           9.         A. other                             B. the other                      C. another                       D. one another

           10.A. convenient                        B. comfortable                C. comfortably               D. conveniently

I. Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space. Write your answers in ‘Your answers’ part. (15 points) ZOOS Many people remember (1) ___________ to the zoo as a child. They remember especially the excitement of (2) ___________ seeing animals for the first time, when before they had only read about them in books or seen them on television. However, there is (3) ___________ discussion today about the future of zoos and what their role should be. Supporters of zoos claim that they have an educational (4) ___________ and represent a good way for people of (5) ___________ ages to learn more about the natural world. Also, zoos provide (6) ___________ for important research and frequently (7) ___________ scientists to help save those animals which are becoming (8) ___________ rare in the wild. Opponents, however, criticize zoos for a number of reasons. Firstly, they say that it is (9) ___________ to keep animals in cages. Even in the best zoos, animals may (10) ___________ because the places in which they have to live are both restricted and (11) ___________. This can cause them to (12) ___________ stress and can affect their health. Secondly, they believe that money would be (13) __________ spent on protecting animals in their (14) __________ environment. Finally, opponents (15) __________ out that most people nowadays can see well-made nature documentaries on television and that this is a much more valuable experience than going to a zoo. 1. A. to take B. taking C. being taken D. to be taken 2. A actually B genuinely C positively D truly 3. A deep B considerable C large D important 4. A activity B function C situation D occupation 5. A several B both C all D every 6. A ways B reasons C methods D opportunities 7. A make B arrange C allow D let 8. A completely B increasingly C totally D greatly 9. A violent B severe C heavy D cruel 10. A suffer B injure C fail D hurt 11. A designed B manufactured C artificial D false 12. A experience B have C create D bear 13. A further B rather C better D more 14. A standard B daily C typical D natural 15. A pick B point C show D speak

Space Tourism If you are like most people, you probably dream of spending your next vacation sightseeing or relaxing in a tropical spot. But pretty soon, you may have the option of blasting into space and exploring the universe. It appears that space tourism may start to experience a boom that is sure to be out of this world. Since ancient times, humans have surely dreamed about visiting space. However, it was just a fantasy until 1961, when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly into space. Yet in the years following, only a few highly-trained Soviet and American astronauts managed to leave the Earth’s atmosphere. In the mid-1980s, the US began to relax some of its restrictions. In 1986, an engineer named Charles Walker became the first non-government employee to fly into space. A year later, an American teacher named Christa McAuliffe was chosen to be the first teacher in space. Unfortunately, the Space Shuttle she was on, The Challenger, crashed during takeoff, killing everyone on board. Space tourism got an unexpected boost from the collapse of the Soviet Union. With Russia’s space programme in dire need of money, it became open to offers for space tourism. In 1990, a Japanese reporter was allowed to fly with a Russian crew into space, but the trip would cost his employer $28 million. In the late 1990s, a private company, MirCorp, started organizing trips to space for wealthy individuals. Now, many other companies are trying to do the same. Still, most people who want to become space tourists face a major barrier: the price. Early space tourists have paid dozens of millions of dollars for a seven-to- ten-day stay outside the Earth. However, there are some indications that the price will come down in the near future. Some corporations are gearing up for this with big plans to make space a more hospitable place. The luxurious hotel chain Hilton has expressed interest in opening a space hotel in the next 15 to 20 years. Meanwhile, some experts believe that flights to and from the moon could become a common occurrence within a few decades. Hopefully someday soon we will all have the chance to get to know our solar system a little bit better. 1: What happened in 1961? A: The first space tourist traveled into space. B: An American astronaut landed on the moon. C: The first human traveled into space. D: The first Soviet space tourism company opened. 2: Who was Christa McAuliffe? A: The first American space tourist B: A businesswoman who supported space tourism C: A Soviet official who banned space tourism D: An American teacher who wanted to travel into space 3: What effect did the end of the Soviet Union have on space tourism? A: It made space tourism more expensive. B: It made space tourism become a reality. C: It delayed the start of space tourism for many years. D: It prevented people from flying into space for a decade. 4: The word “dire” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________. A: necessary B: sufficient C: important D: serious 5: What is MirCorp? A: A company that develops equipment for space tourism B: A company that fights against bringing people into space C: A Russian government agency that trains astronauts D: An organization that plans trips for people who want to visit space 6: Why aren’t more people taking vacation in space? A: Space tourism hasn’t proven to be safe just yet. B: Most governments have made it illegal to travel in space. C: Many are waiting for the cost to come down. D: Many have stated that there is not much to see in space. 7: What does the passage imply about the future of space tourism? A: Eventually, space tourism will become cheaper. B: It seems very unlikely that space tourism will ever be popular. C: There will be few space tourists until more hotels are developed. D: It really isn’t worth it for common people to journey. 8: It can be inferred from the passage that _________. A: Christa McAuliffe has been the first teacher to come back from space B: the Japanese reporter spent two weeks in space in 1990 C: Charles Walker had never been a pilot before joining the NASA’s training programme D: the US began to relax some restrictions because of the disaster of The Challenger.