Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)\(=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

=> a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b

Thay vào A ta được: A=((a+b)/b)((c+b)/c)((a+c)/a)

=2c/b.2a/c.2b/a=2.2.2=8

\(\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\left(\dfrac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\right)\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{\left(ac-bc\right)-\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{ab}\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)-\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{ab}\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{\left(c-a-b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{ab}\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c^2-\left(ab+ac\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{c^2-c\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)

\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow a+b=-c\)

\(1+\dfrac{c^2-c\left(a+b\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{c^2-c.\left(-c\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{2c^2}{ab}=1+\dfrac{2c^3}{abc}\)

Chứng minh tương tự và cộng theo vế,sử dụng khi \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\),suy ra đpcm

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được: 

\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)

Do đó: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=c\\b+c-a=a\\c+a-b=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c+a=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay a+b=2c;b+c=2a và c+a=2b vào biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abc}\), ta được: 

\(P=\dfrac{2a\cdot2b\cdot2c}{abc}=\dfrac{8abc}{abc}=8\)

Vậy: P=8

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{a+b+c}\) (t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)

hay \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\) (1)

Ta cũng có: \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a}{a+c}\) (t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)

hay \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b}{a+c}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{2b}{a+c}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) a + c = 2b (*)

Tương tự ta cũng có: a + b = 2c (**); b + c = 2a (***)

Thay (*); (**); (***) vào P ta được:

P = \(\dfrac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}\) = 2.2.2 = 8

Vậy P = 8

Chúc bn học tốt!

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b+c-a+2c-b+a+2a+b-c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2b+2c+2a}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=2\Rightarrow2b+c-a=2a\Rightarrow2b=3a-c\)\(\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=2\Rightarrow2c-b+a=2b\Rightarrow2c=3b-a\)

\(\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=2\Rightarrow2a+b-c=2c\Rightarrow2a=3c-b\)

\(P=\dfrac{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2b-c\right)\left(2c-a\right)}{2a.2b.2c}=\dfrac{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2b-c\right)\left(2c-a\right)}{8abc}\)

TH1 : a + b + c ≠ 0

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó \(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}=8\)

TH2 : a + b + c = 0

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó \(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}=-1\)

Xét 2 TH sau:

TH1: a+b+c=0

Khi đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}\\ =-1\)

TH2: a+b+c khác 0

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

Suy ra: a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b

Do đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\\ =8\)

Xét 2 TH sau:

TH1: a+b+c=0

Khi đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}\\ =-1\)

TH2: a+b+c khác 0

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

Suy ra: a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b

Do đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\\ =8\)

Bổ sung cho bạn Lương Thị Quỳnh Trang

Đặt \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=k\left(k\in R\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=ck\\b+c=ak\\c+a=bk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng 3 đẳng thức trên, ta có:

2(a + b + c) = (a + b + c)k

<=> (a + b + c)(k - 2) = 0

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với a + b + c = 0 thì giải như bạn ở dưới

Với k = 2 \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c+a=2b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=3c\\a+b+c=3a\\a+b+c=3b\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> 3a = 3b = 3c (= a + b + c) <=> a = b = c 

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)=2.2.2=8\)

Vậy M = 8

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)

\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\\ \dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\Rightarrow b+c=2a\\ \dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\Rightarrow c+a=2b\)

\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{2c.2b.2a}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\\ =8\)