\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=1.5a+1.5b=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b=0.2\)

\(m_X=0.2\cdot\left(56+27\right)=16.6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl₂ + H₂

Theo các pthh trên: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:

m_{Kim loại} + m_HCl = m_{muối khan} + m_H2

=> m_{Muối khan} = 12 + 14,6 - 0,4 = 26,2 (g)

pthh fe + 2hcl -> fecl2 + h2

 2al2 + 6hcl -> 2l2cl3 + 3h2

zn + 2hcl -> zncl2 + h2

Đặt x,y, z lần lượt là số mol của Na,Al,Mg trong m gam hỗn hợp A

m gam A + H2O dư

\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

x--------------------x--------->0,5x

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2

x<------x-------------------------------------->1,5x

=> \(0,5x+1,5x=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) (1)

2m gam A + NaOH

\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

2x------------------------------->x

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2

2y---------------------------------------------->3y

=> \(x+3y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (2) 

3m gam A + HCl

\(Na+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

3x--------------------------->1,5x

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

3y----------------------------->4,5y

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

3z----------------------------->3z

=> \(1,5x+4,5y+3z=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\) (3)

Từ (1), (2), (3) =>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=\dfrac{7}{60}\\z=\dfrac{2}{15}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(m_{Na}=0,05.23=1,15\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=\dfrac{7}{60}.27=3,15\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2}{15}.24=3,2\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m=1,15+3,15+3,2=7,5\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{1,15}{7,5}.100=15,33\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{3,15}{7,5}.100=42\%\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,2}{7,5}.100=42,67\%\)

\(2Na+2H2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H2\left(1\right)\)

\(2Al+2NaOH+2H2O\rightarrow2NaAlO2+3H2\left(2\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl3+3H2\left(3\right)\)

\(2Na+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H2\left(4\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl2+H2\left(5\right)\)

\(n_{H2\left(1\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{Na}=4,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H2\left(2\right)}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=7,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H2\left(3\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H2\left(4\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H2\left(5\right)}=1-0,4-0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=12\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m=12+4,6+7,2=23,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23,8}.100\%=19,33\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{7,2}{23,8}.100\%=30,25\%\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=100-19,33-30,25=50,42\%\)

Chúc bạn học tốt

a)

Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol); n_{Fe} = b(mol)$

$2Al + 2NaOH + 2H_2O \to 2NaAlO_2 + 3H_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2} = 1,5a = \dfrac{9,6}{32} = 0,3 \Rightarrow a = 0,2(mol)$

$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = 0,4 \Rightarrow b = 0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m = 0,2.27  + 0,1.56 = 11(gam)$

b)
$AlCl_3 + 3NaOH \to Al(OH)_3 + 3NaCl$
$Al(OH)_3 + NaOH \to NaAlO_2 + 2H_2O$
$FeCl_2 + 2NaOH \to Fe(OH)_2 + 2NaCl$

$n_{Fe(OH)_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Fe(OH)_2} = 0,1.90 = 9(gam)$

Đáp án đúng : A

Đáp án cần chọn là: A

Đáp án A

Đáp án A

Cách 1: