Join the following pairs of sentences using because and because of:
1. He didn’t go to school. It was raining . 
-> He didn’t go to school because it was raining.
-> He didn’t go to school because of the rain.
2. The student arrived late. There was a traffic jam.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. We decided to leave early. The party was boring.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. It was a public holiday. All the shops were shut.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. I lost my job. I was ill.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

EXERCISE 1: Rewrite the following sentences using “Unless”

1. I won’t go to school if I don’t feel better.

2. Tony will walk to you is you question him.

3. If you don’t put on your overcoat, you’ll be cold.

4. You will fail the exam if you don’t work hard.

5. You’ll get a cold if you don’t keep your feet dry.

6. If I don’t leave now, I’ll miss my flight.

7. If you aren’t going to the party, I won’t go.

8. I can’t send you a postcard if  you don’t give me your address.

9. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I’d build a school for the poor.

10. I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.

EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences using conditional sentences type 2.

1. They are poor, so they can’t help us.

2. He doesn’t do this homework. He is always punished.

3. He doesn’t have enough time. He can’t help me.

4. She doesn’t take any exercise, so she is overweight.

5. He doesn’t have a bicycle, so he always goes to class late.

6. I am bad at English, so I can’t do homework.

7. He doesn’t practise speaking French, so he doesn’t speak it fluently.

8. The meeting can be cancelled because it snows heavily.

9. We don’t go because it will rain.

10. John is fat because he eats so many chips.

EXERCISE 3: Rewrite the following sentences using conditional sentences type 3

1. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train.

2. We didn’t go because it rained.

3. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.

4. He lost his job because he was late everyday.

5. The dress was so expensive. She could not buy it.

6. Sue felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.

7. My brother left the car keys, so I had to pick him up at the station,

8. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.

9. He didn’t have the ticket to the game last week. He wasn’t be able to get in.

10. Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.

I.  Rewrite the following sentences, using “ so………that”

1.      He couldn’t carry the case because it was heavy.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

2.      Susan cannot go to the cinema alone because she is so young.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.      She couldn’t eat because she was very tired.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

4.      My grandfather cannot walk without a stick because he is so old.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

5.      The boy is too young to understand this story.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

6.      I can’t drink the coffee because it is too hot.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

7.      The old man is too weak to carry that big box.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

8.      She had many exercises and she had to stay up late to do them.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

9.      The tooth is too decaying for her to keep.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

10.  The boy is kind enough for us to make friends with.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

I.  Rewrite the following sentences, using “ so………that”

1.      He couldn’t carry the case because it was heavy.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

2.      Susan cannot go to the cinema alone because she is so young.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.      She couldn’t eat because she was very tired.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

4.      My grandfather cannot walk without a stick because he is so old.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

5.      The boy is too young to understand this story.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

6.      I can’t drink the coffee because it is too hot.

-………………………………………………………………………………………….

7.      The old man is too weak to carry that big box.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

8.      She had many exercises and she had to stay up late to do them.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

9.      The tooth is too decaying for her to keep.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

10.  The boy is kind enough for us to make friends with.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

I. Rewrite the following sentences, using “  so……that” or “ such………that”.

1.The road was so slippery that we couldn’t drive fast.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The film was so interesting that they didn’t go home early.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.It is such a big house that we can live in it.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

4.The country is so poor that we are going to a big city to find job.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

5.It rained so heavily that I got wet.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

6.He drives so carelessly that he is having an accident.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

7.She sings so well that she becomes famous.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

8.He speaks so slowly that we don’t pay attention to his presentation.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

9.The luggage is so heavy that we can’t carry it.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

10.The country is so peaceful that we enjoy it.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………

Rewrite the following sentences using TO INFINITIVE.

1. He opened the window because he wanted to let fresh air in.

2. I took my camera because I wanted to take some photos.

3. We filled the car up because we didn’t want to run out of petrol.

4. I didn’t want to see them, so I didn’t open the door.

5. He did not want to worry her, so he did not tell her what happened.

6. Tom was playing very softly so that he wouldn’t disturb anyone.

7. The boy tiptoed into the room so that he wouldn’t wake every body up

Rewrite the following sentences as directed.

41. In spite of the heavy rain, my father went to work.

Although …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

42. Because of the heavy rain, we didn’t go to the party.

Because ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

43. The picture is very invaluable. It was damaged during the war.

The picture ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

44. Those students were punished. They didn’t do their homework.

Those ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Rewrite the following sentences without their original meaning by using the word given.

1. I was punished by the teacher because I forgot to do the exercises. (SO)

………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. She didn't go to school because it rained heavily. ( BECAUSE OF)
………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The boy is too short to play the volleyball. (ENOUGH)
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I love cold weather and flowers very much and that's why I live in Dalat. (THEREFORE)

………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. The television program is so interesting that I want to see it. (SUCH)
………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. The old man was too weak to say a word. (SO…………….THAT)
………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. He went to bed late last night. Therefore, he didn't get up early this morning. (SINCE)
………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. Mai is such a well-behaved girl that all her friends like her. (SO…………..THAT)

………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.The weather is not fine, so we will not go out for a walk. (IF)

………………………………………………………………………………………….

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IV. Rewrite the sentences

1. It was unneccessary for us to work overtime yesterday because we still had a lot of time for our project.

We………………………………………………………………………………

2.Bringing food there was unneccessary because we didn’t know that there were lots of foodstalls there.

-->We needn’t……………………………………….…………..…..…….…

3.                 It is not necessary for you to do it now. -->You................................................

4.                 It was wrong of you to criticize him in front of many people. (should)

........................................................................................

5.                 When did you last see “Gone with the wind”?  -->How long…………………………..

6.                 How long have you worked as a teacher? -->When……………………………

7.                 It is 2 years since Nam last went to the cinema

->Nam has …………………………………………………..

8.  It wasn’t Tom in the mall yesterday because he was in the hospital. I’m sure. (can)

Tom ……………………………..……………..……………………...……

9.                 I’m sure that Peter is sick today. -->Peter………………………………

10.            This is the first time I’ve been to a Western city.

-->I have…………………………………………………………………..

11. It isn’t necessary for you to water these plants. 

-->You ..................................................................................

12. You are not allowed to park here. -->You ............................................................

13. We aren’t allowed to drive on the left hand in this country.

-->We ..........................................................................................

14. You don’t have to come with me if you don’t want to.

-->     You ..................................................................

15. It is better for parents to take time to understand their children.

-->Parents  ......................................................................................

16. Opening the lion’s cage is against from the zoo’s regulation.

-->Visitors ...............................................................................

17. If I were you, I would go and see that film.

->You ..................................................................................

18. Teachers don’t allow students to use mobile phone in class.

-->Students  .............................................................................

19.I am not allowed to go out with my friends in the evening. (mustn't)

-->I …………………………………………………………

20. It is a good idead for us to take an umbrella with us when we go out. (should)

-->We ………………………………….………………………..

21. It is necessary for young people to plan for their future. (Use Have to)

Young people ………………………………………………………

22.Ms. Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. (has to)

-->Ms. Ly …………………………………………

23.If I were you, I would spend more time talking with my children. (should)

You……………………………………………………………………

24.John doesn't get permission to use that computer. (mustn't)

John ………………………………………………………………

25.Customers are advised to check their luggage before leaving the airport. (ought to)

Customers ………………………………………………………

26.It is forbidden for students to cheat in the exam. (mustn't)

-->Students ……………………………………………