Combine each pair of sentences, using BECAUSE, SINCE, AS.

1. She saw the wanted man in a small coffee shop. She phoned the police.

2. The teacher is sick. We'll have no class tomorrow.

3. She walked slowly. Her leg was injured.

4. Mary looks happy. She has just got good marks.

5. He came to the office 10 minutes late. He missed the first bus.

6. She coughed and sneezed. The doctor said she had to stay out of crowd.

7. It got dark. I couldn't read the letter.

8. I didn't come in time. There was a traffic jam.

9. He stayed at home yesterday. His mother was sick.

10. We didn't want to go out. It rained heavily.

1.Because of the traffic –jam we came home very  late last night.

  => Since / Because there ___________________________.

   2. They haven’t visited Da Nang for over 5 months.

=> The last time we paid__________________________________________.

   3. Being careful is the key to avoid minor mistakes

 => If we  ________________________________________.

   4. Many fashion designers have modernized the Ao Dai for centuries.

  => The Ao Dai _______________________.

   5. Because the regulations were clear, the tourists followed them easily. 

         => Because of __________________________________.

  6.. No one could give the correct answer to this question.

         => The correct __________________________.

I. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. Mr Nam ( use ) .................... to cycle to school when he was a student.

2. I hope we ( pass ) ....................... this examination.

3. The greenboard should ( clean ) .................................. after each lesson by the students.

4. Lan! You look quiet. What you ( think ) ................................. about? - Oh, the result of the test.

5. I last met him last Sunday. We ( not/see) ........................................ each other for nearly a week.

6. When we went home yesterday, my brother ( cook ) ................................... dinner.

7. In spite of ( drive ) ......................... to work, he is often late because of traffic jams.

8. It is better for us (see ).............................. the dentist every 6 months.

9. ( Live ) ............................... in the countryside is good for your health.

10. Don't worry. If you don't understand the lesson, the teacher ( explain) .......................... it again.

Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers.
1. He got wet he forgot his umbrella.
A. because of B. because C. but D. and
2. He stops working heavy raining.
A. in spite of B. although C. despite D. because of
3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life their poverty.
A. in spite of B. although C. because D. because of
4. Jill and Jolly were happy it was their both birthday party that day.
A. because B. even though C. spite of D. Despite
5. Nobody could hear her she spoke too quietly.
A. although B. because C. because of D. in spite of
6. We decided to leave early the party was boring.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
7. We all feel sad the bad news
A. because B. because of C. though D. despite
8. John lost his job his laziness.
A. because of B. because C. in spite of D. though
9. We can't go to Julia's party we're going away that weekend.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of
10. Nam was absent from class yesterday he felt sick.
A. so B. because C. although D. but
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.
1. The boy can’t reach the shelf he’s not tall enough.
A. because B. although C. even though D. and
2. She couldn’t unlock it she had the wrong key.
A. while B. but C. though D. because
3. Nam failed the final exam he was lazy.
A. while B. though C. because D. but
4. We watched TV the whole evening we had nothing better to do.
A. because B. though C. so D. but
5. We didn’t go for a walk it was very cold.
A. though B. because C. but D. so
6. They decided not to go out for a meal they were too tired.
A. so B. because C. but D. if
7. I’m learning English I want to get a better job.
A. or B. because C. therefore D. but
8. Last night we came to the show late the traffic was terrible.
A. although B. despite C. and D. because
9. Lan couldn’t pass the exam she is too lazy.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of

10. his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
A. because B. because of C. despite D. so
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. We delayed our trip the bad weather.
2. Sue’s eyes were red she had been crying.
3. My mother is always complaining the untidiness of my room.
4. The water in most river is unsafe to drink it’s polluted.
5. The trees were bend over the wind.
6. You can’t enter this secure areas you don’t have an official permit.
7. It’s unsafe to travel in that country the ongoing civil war.
8. Several people in the crowd became ill and fainted the extreme heat.
9. Mark didn’t go to work yesterday he didn’t feel well.
10. We couldn’t get into the disco the enormous crowd.
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. I went home early I was feeling unwell.
2. We decided not to go out for a meal we were simply too tired.
3. I couldn’t get to sleep the noise.
4. He only accepted the job the salary, which was very high.
5. Sarah can’t climb up the tree her fear of heights.
6. his age, John was not hired he had the necessary qualifications.
7. Mary came to class late her motorbike had a puncture.
8. Sandy didn’t go to school yesterday she was sick.
9. She went to bed early her tiredness.
10. I couldn’t do the test it was too difficult.
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1. He didn’t come because of his sickness.
2. The train was late because the fog was thick.
3. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather.
4. He left the school because his family was poor.
5. We couldn’t study because of the noise.
6. I didn’t go swimming because it was cold.
7. These students arrive late because of the bad traffic.
8. Mary can’t sleep because she has drunk a cup of strong coffee.
9. Because of getting up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.

Rewrite these sentences

1)The traffic jam made them come to the meeting late

=>B/c...............

2)B/c of the heavy rain,the traffic jam became more serious

=>B/c..........

3)Although he has a very important job,he isn't particularly well-paid

=>In spite of.............

4)Although I has never seen her before,I recognized her from a photograph

=>Despite................

5)She wasn't wearing the coat although it was quiet cold

=>In spite of............

6)We thought we'd better invite them to the party although we don't like them very much

=>Despite.................

7)Although I didn't speak the language,I managed to make myself understand

=>In spite of...........

8)Although the heat was on,the room wasn't warm

=>Despite........

9)I didn't recognize her although I 'd met her twice before

=>In spite of...............

10)Mr.Harris often misses the bus b/c his hours are irregular

=>B/c o......

11)We're not very good friends although we 've known each other a long time

=>Despite

12)Although Miinh was ill,he still came to the meeting

=>In spite of.............

IV. Supply the correct form of the verb in each sentence (0.5 pt).

1. These boys are good at (draw) _________________________________

2. Last Tuesday, I (go) home late because ____________________there was a traffic jam near my school.

3. What you often (have) for breakfast? _________________________________

4. I spend 15 minutes (walk) …………… to school every morning.

5. Hoa’s daughter (eat) ____________ too much fried chicken last night.

Exercise 6: Adverb clauses of reason: 

They like him because he is kind. 

➔ Because of …………………………………………………………………………………………..… 

I can’t sleep because it is cold. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

We came late because there was the traffic jam 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

She went to bed early because she felt tired. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

The test is difficult, so we can’t do it. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

They didn’t go for a picnic because there was a storm. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

I can’t study because it is noisy outside. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

All the teacher love him because his conduct is good. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Because she didn’t get up early, she missed the first bus. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

She didn’t go to school because she was sick. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Because there was a strike, the workers stopped working. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

We couldn’t drive because the streets are crowded. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

She worked very hard to earn a lot of money because her mother was sick. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Because it snowed continuously, we couldn’t go out. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

The accident happened because the driver was careless. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Because the door was broken, we decided to fix it. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Because my friend was absent, I must copy all the lesson for him. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Although she was clever, she didn’t succeed. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

Although my grandfather is old, he walks to the pagoda every day. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

He is unhappy though he has a good salary. 

➔ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 

1. He was late for school because his bike was broken. ...

because of.....

 Although he runs very fast, he isn't tired.

Despite....

3. Most people think jogging is a good exercise, so they begin to jog- 

Because . 

4. The air in the country is polluted, but people like to live there .

........................... though..........................

5. Computers can be used for various purposes, so they become very popular today. 

Because of

6. If you passed the exam, your parents would be very happy.

...................because............... .

7. Because of the hot weather, we go to the beach

If ...

8. Tom understands the lesson. However, he couldn't apply in the exercises. ......................although...........................

9. They played very well. Therefore, they won the game.

Because....

10. The suitcase is too heavy for Tom to bring.

..................because...................

1. Complete the following sentences with “because (of)”, “(al)though/even though
/despite/ in spite of”.
1. __________________________ he worked hard, he didn’t receive any praise.
2. He ate the chocolate cake ______________________ he is on diet.
3. ____________________ the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movies
every Saturday.
4. ________________________ it was cold, I went aout.
5. ________________________ John didn’t study hard, he succeeded.
6. We took many picture ________________________ the cloudy sky.
7. _________________________ her poor memory, the old woman told interesting stories
to the children.
8. She went home early _______________________ she didn’t feel well.
9. I couldn’t get to sleep __________________________ the noise.
10. The students arrived late_________________________the traffic jam.
2. Rewrite sentences:
1. Although I have a lot of money, I am not very satistied. DESPITE
________________________________________________________________________
2. Although it rained, they still go fishing. IN SPITE OF
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Although she works hard, she doesn’t get good results. DESPITE
________________________________________________________________
4. Although he is a singer, he sings badly. IN SPITE OF
_______________________________________________________________
5. Although the exercise is difficult, she can do it easily. DESPITE
6.He isn’t happy although he is very rich. DESPITE
__________________________________________________________________
7. Even though he got a good job, he was not satisfied. INSPITE OF
____________________________________________________________
8. Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because she was sick. BECAUSE OF
_____________________________________________
9. She went to bed early because she felt tired. BECAUSE OF
____________________________________________________________
10. I can’t sleep because the weather is hot. BECAUSE OF