1/ Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_KL + m_Cl2 = m_muối

⇒ m_Cl2 = 31,425 - 6,93 = 24,495 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{24,495}{71}=0,345\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,345.22,4=7,728\left(l\right)\)

2/ Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 24x + 27y = 6,93 (1)

Các quá trình:

\(Mg^0\rightarrow Mg^{+2}+2e\)

x_____________2x (mol)

\(Al^0\rightarrow Al^{+3}+3e\)

y___________3y (mol)

\(Cl_2^0+2e\rightarrow2Cl^-\)

0,345_0,69 (mol)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 2x + 3y = 0,69 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\left(mol\right)\\y=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,12.24=2,88\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

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Câu 1 

\(3Cl_2+2Fe\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

Câu 2

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi x và y lần lượt là số mol Fe và Mg

Bảo toàn e ta có \(2x+2y=2.0,25\) (1) 

\(m_{hh}=56x+24y=10,16\left(g\right)\) (2) 

Từ (1) và (2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,13\\y=0,12\end{matrix}\right.\)

a. \(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,13.56}{10,16}.100\%=71,65\%\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=100\%-71,65\%=28,35\%\)

b. Ta có \(n_{HCl}=n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)

Đáp án A

Cho Mg và Ag tác dụng với HCl chỉ có Mg phản ứng.

nH2=2,24/22,4=0,1(mol)

PTHH:

Fe + H2SO4 - FeSO4 + H2

1    -    1        -     1        -   1          (mol)

0,1  -    0,1     -    0,1      -    0,1      (mol)

Theo PTHH, ta có:

nFe=0,1 (mol)

mFe=0,1*56=5,6(g)

%mFe=5,6/13 *100=43%

mCu=mhh-mFe=13-5,6=7.4(g)

%mCu=7.4/13 *100=56,9%

Câu 1: 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.91362}{22.4}=0.13mol\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

 a           a                a           a

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

 2b          3b               b                 3b

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+54b=2.58\\a+3b=0.13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.04\\b=0.03\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.04\times24=0.96g\)

\(m_{Al}=0.03\times2\times27=1.62g\)

\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.04+3\times0.03}{0.5}=0.26l\)

Câu 2:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.136}{22.4}=0.14mol\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

a            a              a             a

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

b           b                 b         b

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=4.96\\a+b=0.14\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.09\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.09\times24=2.16g\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.05\times56=2.8g\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.14\times98\times100}{200}=6.86\%\)

Câu 3: 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.568}{22.4}=0.07mol\)

\(Ba+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2\)

a           a              a             a

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

b          b                 b             b

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137a+24b=3.94\\a+b=0.07\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.02\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Ba}=0.02\times137=2.74g\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.05\times24=1.2g\)

\(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.07}{0.1}=0.7M\)

a) nCl2=7,28/22,4=0,325(mol)

=> mCl2=0,325.71=23,075(mol)

=> m(muối)= m(hh)+ mCl2= 10,45+23,075=33,525(g)

b) PTHH: 2 Al + 3 Cl2 -to-> 2 AlCl3

a__________1,5a(mol)

Cu + Cl2 -to-> CuCl2

b___b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+64b=10,45\\1,5a+b=0,325\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mCu=0,1.64=6,4(g)

=>%mCu= (6,4/10,45).100=61,244%

=>%mAl=38,756%

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)

\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)

\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)