7. Ta có: n_Zn = \(\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{32}{32}=1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Zn + O₂ ---t^o---> 2ZnO

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{1}{1}\)

=> Oxi dư

Theo PT: n_ZnO = n_Zn = 0,2(mol)

=> m_ZnO = 81.0,2 = 16,2(g)

8. Ta có: n_Al = \(\dfrac{21,6}{27}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ ---t^o---> 2Al₂O₃.

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,8}{4}=\dfrac{0,6}{3}\)

Vậy không có chất dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,8=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,4.102=40,8\left(g\right)\)

Em xem bài này là kiểu tính theo PT mà, bài này dễ lắm, bài 8 là bài toán dư

Làm gộp cả phần a và b

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=0,15mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\cdot102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

$n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
\(4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

0,2         0,15            0,1                (mol)

$V_{O_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} =0,1.102 = 10,2(gam)$

$n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{4,8}{32} = 0,15(mol)$

$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$

Ta thấy :

$n_{Al} : 4 = n_{O_2} : 3$ nên phản ứng vừa đủ

$m_{Al_2O_3}  = 5,4 + 4,8 = 10,2(gam)$

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=5.3,36=16,8\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al} + m_{O_2} = m_{Al_2O_3}\)

Ta có : 

 \(n_{Al} = \dfrac{9}{27} = \dfrac{1}{3}(mol)\\ n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{15}{102} = \dfrac{5}{34}(mol)\)

\(4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\)

Theo PTHH : \(n_{Al\ pư} = 2n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{5}{17} > n_{Al\ ban\ đầu}\)

Suy ra : Al dư.

Ta có :

 \(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{15}{68}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\ phản ứng} = \dfrac{15}{68}.32 = 7,059(gam)\)

số liệu không hợp lý

Bài 3:

Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

_____0,2____0,6____0,4 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 4:

a, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,35}{5}\), ta được O₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,35-0,25=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

Lần sau bạn nên chia nhỏ câu hỏi ra nhé.

Bài 1:

a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,4.158=63,2\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

_____0,1___________0,1_____0,15 (mol)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,15.80=12\left(g\right)\)