Câu hỏi của Trần Thùy Dung - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath

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\(A=x^4\left(y-z\right)+y^4\left(z-x\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(A=x^4\left(y-z\right)-y^4\left[\left(y-z\right)+\left(x-y\right)\right]+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(A=x^4\left(y-z\right)-y^4\left(y-z\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(y^4-z^4\right)\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(y^2-z^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2\right)\)

\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+xy^2+x^2y+y^3-y^3-y^2z+yz^2-z^3\right)\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+xy^2+x^2y-y^2z+yz^2-z^3\right)\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x-z\right)\left(x^2+xz+z^2\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+y\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\right]\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)}{2}\)

\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2xz-2yz}{2}\)

\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)}{2}\)

\(A=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2}{2}\)

Vì \(x>y>z\)\(\Rightarrow\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)>0\)

Mà \(\Rightarrow\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow A>0\)

=> đpcm

\(A=x^4\left(y-z\right)+y^4\left(z-x\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=x^4y-x^4z+y^4z-y^4x+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=xy\left(x^3-y^3\right)-z\left(x^4-y^4\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=xy\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[xy\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-z\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)+z^4\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3y+x^2y^2+xy^3-x^3z-x^2yz-xy^2z-y^3z+z^4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[x^3\left(y-z\right)+x^2y\left(y-z\right)+xy^2\left(y-z\right)-z\left(y^3-z^3\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[x^3\left(y-z\right)+x^2y\left(y-z\right)+xy^2\left(y-z\right)-z\left(y-z\right)\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left[x^3+x^2y+xy^2-z\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2-y^2z-yz^2-z^3\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left[x^3-z^3+y\left(x^2-z^2\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left[\left(x-z\right)\left(x^2+xz+z^2\right)+y\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left[x^2+xz+z^2+y\left(x+z\right)+y^2\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{2\left(x^2+xz+z^2+xy+yz+y^2\right)}{2}\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{x^2+2xz+z^2+x^2+xy+y^2+y^2+yz+z^2}{2}\)

\(\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\frac{\left(x+z\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2}{2}\)

\(Ta\)\(có\)\(x>y>z\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right);\left(y-z\right);\left(x-z\right)>0\)

                 \(\left(x+z\right)^2;\left(y+z\right)^2;\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow A>o\Rightarrow A\)\(luôn\)\(dương\)

Hướng dẫn: đặt \(A=\dfrac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)

Khi đó \(F-A=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\Rightarrow F=A\)

\(\Rightarrow2F=F+A=\sum\dfrac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow2F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\Rightarrow F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}\)

tu gia thiet => \(4x+4y+4z+4\sqrt{xyz}=16\)

Xet \(\sqrt{x\left(4-y\right)\left(4-z\right)}=\sqrt{x\left(16-4y-4z+yz\right)}\)

= \(\sqrt{x\left(4x+4y+4y+4\sqrt{xyx}-4y-4z+yz\right)}\)

=\(\sqrt{x\left(4x+4\sqrt{xyz}+yz\right)}\)

=\(\sqrt{4x^2+4x\sqrt{xyx}+xyz}=\sqrt{\left(2x+\sqrt{xyz}\right)^2}\)

= \(2x+\sqrt{xyz}\)

tuong tu va suy ra \(\sqrt{x\left(4-y\right)\left(4-z\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(4-z\right)\left(4-x\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(4-x\right)\left(4-y\right)}\)

= \(2\left(x+y+z\right)+3\sqrt{xyz}\)

hinh nhu de bai bn viet thieu \(-\sqrt{xyz}\)

neu dung de thi goi bieu thuc can tinh la A

ta co \(A=2\left(x+y+z\right)+2\sqrt{xyz}=2\left(x+y+z+\sqrt{xyz}\right)=2.4=8\)

Chuc ban hoc tot 

jhfghjgjtfyt tjgfyjjtf

sao may ngu the ha di hoi toan tren mang

Xét: \(\frac{x^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{x^4-y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)\(=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}=x-y\)(1)

Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{y^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}-\frac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}=y-z\)(2); \(\frac{z^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}-\frac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}=z-x\)(3)

Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:

\(\left[\frac{x^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\right]\)\(-\left[\frac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\right]=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(=\frac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)

Mà \(A=\frac{x^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)nên \(2A=\frac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^4+z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^4+x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(\ge\frac{\frac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2}}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{\frac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2}}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\frac{\left(z^2+x^2\right)^2}{2}}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2+x^2}{z+x}\right)\)\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}{x+y}+\frac{\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{2}}{y+z}+\frac{\frac{\left(z+x\right)^2}{2}}{z+x}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{4}\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)(Do theo giả thiết thì x + y + z = 1)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

Bài này t làm rồi, "nhẹ" không ấy mà :|

Dự đoán khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\). Ta c/m nó là GTNN của A

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:

\(A=Σ\frac{x^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{Σ\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

Cần chứng minh BĐT \(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{Σ\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge\left(x+y+z\right)Σ\left(2x^3+x^2y+x^2z\right)\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(2x^4-3x^3y-3x^3z+6x^2y^2-2x^2yz\right)\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(2x^4-3x^3y-3x^3z+4x^2y^2\right)+Σ\left(2x^2y^2-2x^2yz\right)\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(x^4-3x^3y+4x^2y^2-3xy^3+y^4\right)+Σ\left(x^2z^2-2z^2xy+y^2z^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+Σz^2\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)

BĐT cuối đúng tức ta có \(A_{Min}=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

P/s: Nguồn lời giải Câu hỏi của Vo Trong Duy - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath, rảnh quá ngồi gõ lại :V

Cho tam giác ABC nhọn. Các đường cao AD, BE, CF cắt tại H. Qua A vẽ đường thẳng song song với BE,CF lần lượt cắt CF,BE tại P và Q. Chứng minh: PQ vuông góc với trung tuyến AM của tam giác ABC