Đáp án D

Ta có:

nN2 = 0,03

m muối - mkim loại = mNO3

=> mNO3 = 54,9-7,5 = 47,4(g)

=> n_{N(trong muối)} = nNO3 = \(\frac{47,4}{62}=0,764mol\)

BT nguyên tố N => nHNO3 = n_{N(trong muối)} +n_N2 = 0,764 + 0,03.2 = 0,824 mol

=> V = 0,824 (l)

Đáp án A

gọi CTC của oxit là R2O3, đặt số mol R2O3 là 0.1(mol)

R2O3+6HCl-->2RCl3+3H2O

0.1           0.6        0.2       0.3           (mol)

C%ddHCl= 0.6x36.5x100/mdd=18.25

==>mddHCl=120(g)

C%ddspu=0.2x(R+35.5x3)x100/[0.1x(2R+48)+120]=23.897

==> R=56 : Fe

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,6       1,2           0,6        0,6    ( mol )

\(m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6g\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,6.127=76,2g\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,6}=2M\)

`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2↑`

`0,3`    `0,6`         `0,3`       `0,3`     `(mol)`

`n_[H_2] = [ 6,72 ] / [ 22,4 ] = 0,3 (mol)`

  `-> m_[Fe] = 0,3 . 56 = 16,8 (g)`

  `-> m_[FeCl_2] = 0,3 . 127 = 38,1 (g)`

`b) C_[M_[HCl]] = [ 0,6 ] / [ 0,3 ] = 2 (M)`

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂ 

          0,3<---0,6<------0,3<-----0,3

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,3=38,1\left(g\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

a--->2a------------------>a

2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

b---->3b-------------------->1,5b

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+1,5b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.2+0,2.3\right).36,5}{300}.100\%=12,167\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) 
gọi nFe : a , nAl: b (a,b>0)  => 56a + 27b = 16,6 (g) 
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
           a                                     a
         \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\) 
           b                                     \(\dfrac{3b}{2}\)
          
=> \(a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\) 
ta có hệ pt 
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\) 
=> a= 0,2 , b = 0,2 
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=16,6-11,2=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) 
           0,2     0,4 
        \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) 
           0,2    0,6 
=> \(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,6\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\) 
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{200}.100\%=18,25\%\)